Cleanup of version-bump workflow to env vars

[mandreko-bitwarden]

🎟️ Tracking

https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/VULN-284

📔 Objective

Clean up the version-bump workflow to use env var expansion in templates

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation
  team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed
  issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud

[github-actions]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – fbcb58b5-8d0d-4176-8b6a-0dbf4f56c660

Great job! No new security vulnerabilities introduced in this pull request

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 76.52%. Comparing base (d2ef415) to head (71639fc).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #432   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   76.52%   76.52%           
=======================================
  Files         269      269           
  Lines       25312    25312           
=======================================
  Hits        19371    19371           
  Misses       5941     5941           

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