Fix a bunch of places we forget to aws_raise_error()

[graebm]

See: awslabs/aws-c-common#1089

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: 2 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (4c65ce5) 80.07% compared to head (b39cd6b) 80.04%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
source/channel.c	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
source/posix/socket.c	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #622      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   80.07%   80.04%   -0.03%     
==========================================
  Files          28       28              
  Lines        5946     5949       +3     
==========================================
+ Hits         4761     4762       +1     
- Misses       1185     1187       +2     

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