docs: improve Quick Start and Running Locally

[agilgur5]

Motivation

I noticed that Running Locally could use various improvements (grammar, style, links, formatting, etc) when I first read it (it was confusing, to say the least), and after reviewing #11405 I was reminded of this again. So went through the whole first half and made modifications

Modifications

• use a warning box for nicer looking formatting than unicode

• clarify that dev container does not necessarily need VSCode given that there is a CLI

  • it said this before, but the ordering of the wording made it confusing and easy to miss or misunderstand
  • also use code backticks for devcontainer CLI as that is the name of the command (see k8s style guide: https://kubernetes.io/docs/contribute/style/style-guide/#code-style-inline-code)
    • use "Dev Container" as the proper noun when referring to the tool in general (not specific to CLI)

• use argo-workflows consistently when describing the folder name (which is by default the name of the repo)

• use "local machine" consistently

• use "VSCode" or "Visual Studio Code" consistently, which are common community terms (not, for example, "Visual Studio", which is the name of a different IDE and which people often need to clarify)

• move "Git Clone" section into Requirements

  • this is not needed when using the Dev Container, as it is mounted to the correct directory inside the container

• clarify Docker's embedded k8s - "Docker Desktop with its embedded Kubernetes" -> "Docker Desktop's embedded Kubernetes"

  • Docker Desktop itself isn't the problem, it's the k8s feature specifically.
  • this is a follow-up to another clarification from a previous change. hopefully this is the last clarification 😅

• remove copy+pasted descriptions of what a Dev Container is

  • Dev Container docs say this verbatim: https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers. leave that to their docs to describe it if people are unfamiliar with the tool

• use present tense where possible / appropriate (https://kubernetes.io/docs/contribute/style/style-guide/#use-present-tense)

  • "will run" -> "runs"
  • "you'll have" -> "you have"

• use more direct language where possible (https://kubernetes.io/docs/contribute/style/style-guide/#use-simple-and-direct-language)

  • "a cluster to use to test against" -> "a cluster to test against"

• fix miscellaneous grammar

  • run-on sentences, missing commas, extra commas, etc

Verification

n/a