When creating many loggers in different threads an there is no parent logger (yet), you will get an IndexOutOfRangeException with 3.0 upwards.
System.IndexOutOfRangeException: Index was outside the bounds of the array.
at System.Collections.Generic.List`1.Add(T item)
at log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy.UpdateParents(Logger log)
at log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy.TryCreateLogger(LoggerKey key, ILoggerFactory factory)
at log4net.Repository.Hierarchy.Hierarchy.GetLogger(String name, ILoggerFactory factory)