[Integration] Add integration test case for map type with extension key and/or value

[paleolimbot]

Describe the enhancement requested

After #44714, the C++ implementation no longer drops field metadata (e.g., extension type information) from key or value items in the map type. We should add a test case to make sure other implementations can do this too! I think the scope of this is just an Archery test case (but could maybe also be an IPC file in arrow-testing?).

(As suggested in #44715 (comment) ).

Component(s)

Integration

[github-actions]

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