[C++] Infer date32 columns in CSV

[asfimport]

See ARROW-11243 for the original report

Reporter: Jared Lander
Assignee: Neal Richardson / @nealrichardson

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #9203

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-11247. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou:
Issue resolved by pull request 9203
#9203