[Geospatial]: Add CI checks for `parquet-geospatial` crate

[kylebarron]

Makes sense to me -- thank you @kylebarron . I double checked most of the links and they are 👌

A good follow on PR might be to add CI checks for this crate, similar to https://github.com/apache/arrow-rs/blob/main/.github/workflows/parquet-variant.yml

Originally posted by @alamb in #8375 (review)