Use NullBuffer in ArrayData

[tustvold]

Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge? Please describe what you are trying to do.

#3749 added a new NullBuffer abstraction, as part of #1176 it is necessary to switch ArrayData over to using it.

A complicating factor is that ArrayData::offset currently applies to both the values and the null buffer, this leads to two options:

1. Continue to provide ArrayData::null_buffer returning the underlying Buffer relying on clients to apply the offset
2. Change the return type of ArrayData::null_buffer to NullBuffer breaking downstreams

Describe the solution you'd like

Option 2. puts us in a better place for #1176 as it leaves the offset as just applying to the array values, allowing for the null buffer to have a different offset. It also leads to a better API for users.

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context

[tustvold]

label_issue.py automatically added labels {'parquet'} from #3778

[tustvold]

label_issue.py automatically added labels {'arrow'} from #3778