ENos — Operating Systems: Complete Educational Kit

┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  🐧 LINUX    Ubuntu 24.04+    │  📋 BASH 5.0+   │  🐍 PYTHON 3.12+  │  📦 GIT 2.40+        │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  LICENCE           RESTRICTIVE │  UNITS               14+4  │  EST. HOURS          60+       │
│  VERSION               5.3.1   │  SEMINARS               7  │  PROJECTS             23       │
│  STATUS               ACTIVE   │  HTML INTERACTIVE      71  │  SCRIPTS            180+       │
│  LANGUAGE            ENGLISH   │  PNG DIAGRAMS          27  │  TEST COVERAGE       >80%      │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

by ing. dr. Antonio Clim | Bucharest University of Economic Studies — CSIE
Year I, Semester 2 | 2017–2030

📋 Table of Contents

Click to expand/collapse

What's New in v5.3
Quick Navigation
Kit Overview
Repository Structure
Part I: Setup and Configuration
Part II: Seminars (SEM01–SEM07)
Part III: Lectures (14 Core + 4 Supplementary)
Part IV: Projects
Part V: Shared Utilities & Developer Tools
Part VI: Anti-Plagiarism Infrastructure
Part VII: CI/CD Pipeline
Part VIII: Pedagogy & Course Philosophy
Annexes
Licence

🆕 What's New in v5.3

Feature	Description	Status
🖨️	Print stylesheets for HTML presentations (offline handouts)	✅ NEW
🔗	Link checking in CI pipeline (automated validation)	✅ NEW
🧪	Expanded test suite for shared utilities (>80% coverage)	✅ NEW
📚	lib/ documentation with comprehensive usage examples	✅ NEW
🤖	AI fingerprint scanner for detecting AI-generated submissions	✅ Enhanced
📊	Randomisation utilities for student-specific test parameters	✅ Enhanced

🚀 Quick Navigation

flowchart LR
    subgraph START["🎯 Start Here"]
        A[New Student?] --> B[01_INIT_SETUP/]
        C[Submit HW?] --> D[02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/]
        E[Need Guides?] --> F[03_GUIDES/]
    end
    
    subgraph CORE["📚 Core Content"]
        G[Seminars] --> H[SEM01-SEM07/]
        I[Lectures] --> J[05_LECTURES/]
        K[Projects] --> L[04_PROJECTS/]
    end
    
    subgraph SUPPORT["🔧 Support"]
        M[Exam Prep] --> N[00_SUPPLEMENTARY/]
        O[Grading] --> P[SEM07/]
        Q[Dev Tools] --> R[lib/ & scripts/]
    end

I want to...	Go to	Description
🔧 Set up my environment	`01_INIT_SETUP/`	WSL2/VirtualBox installation guides
📝 Submit homework	`02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/`	Recording scripts, submission tools
📖 Find student guides	`03_GUIDES/`	FAQ, contributing, student handbook
💼 Browse projects	`04_PROJECTS/`	23 projects (Easy/Medium/Advanced)
📚 Read lecture notes	`05_LECTURES/`	14 core + 4 supplementary units
🎓 Prepare for exam	`00_SUPPLEMENTARY/`	Exercises, quick reference, diagrams
📊 Understand grading	`SEM07/`	Rubrics, grade calculator, policies
🛠️ Use shared utilities	`lib/`	Logging, randomisation, testing

📊 Kit Overview

At a Glance

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                        ENos EDUCATIONAL KIT v5.3.1                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│  ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐      │
│  │   14 + 4    │   │      7      │   │     23      │   │    180+     │      │
│  │  LECTURES   │   │  SEMINARS   │   │  PROJECTS   │   │   SCRIPTS   │      │
│  │ (Core+Supp) │   │ (Complete)  │   │ (3 Levels)  │   │(Bash+Python)│      │
│  └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘      │
│                                                                             │
│  ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐   ┌─────────────┐      │
│  │     71      │   │     27      │   │     26      │   │     28      │      │
│  │    HTML     │   │     PNG     │   │     SVG     │   │    YAML     │      │
│  │(Interactive)│   │ (Diagrams)  │   │ (Graphics)  │   │  (Quizzes)  │      │
│  └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘   └─────────────┘      │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Comprehensive Statistics

Category	Quantity	Location	Details
Theoretical Lectures	14	`05_LECTURES/01-14`	Core OS concepts
Supplementary Lectures	4	`05_LECTURES/15-18supp`	Network, Containers, Kernel, NPU
Practical Seminars	7	`SEM01-SEM07/`	Including evaluation week
Semester Projects	23	`04_PROJECTS/`	5 Easy + 15 Medium + 3 Advanced
Markdown Documentation	362	Throughout	Guides, materials, references
HTML Presentations	71	Various `/docs/` folders	Interactive simulators
PNG Diagrams	27	`00_SUPPLEMENTARY/diagrams_png/`	Concept visualisations
SVG Diagrams	26	`SEM*/docs/images/`	Vector graphics
Python Scripts	65	`*/scripts/python/`	Autograders, generators, tools
Bash Scripts	118	`/scripts/bash/`, `/scripts/demo/`	Demos, utilities, validators
YAML Quiz Files	28	`*/formative/`	Question banks
Test Files	25+	`*/tests/`	pytest and shell tests
Estimated Hours	60+	—	For complete coverage

📁 Repository Structure

Top-Level Architecture

ENos/
├── 📄 README.md                    # This comprehensive guide
├── 📄 README_ADDITIONS.md          # Recent changes and additions
├── 📄 NAVIGATION.md                # Quick navigation index
├── 📄 LICENCE.md                   # Detailed licence terms
├── 📄 LICENSE                      # Short licence reference
├── 📄 pyproject.toml               # Python project configuration
│
├── 📂 00_SUPPLEMENTARY/            # Exam prep, diagrams, references
├── 📂 01_INIT_SETUP/               # Installation guides (WSL2, VirtualBox)
├── 📂 02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/           # Homework submission infrastructure
├── 📂 03_GUIDES/                   # Student guides, FAQ, contributing
├── 📂 04_PROJECTS/                 # 23 semester projects
├── 📂 05_LECTURES/                 # 14+4 lecture units
│
├── 📂 SEM01/                       # Shell Fundamentals
├── 📂 SEM02/                       # I/O Redirection & Loops
├── 📂 SEM03/                       # Find, Xargs, Permissions
├── 📂 SEM04/                       # Text Processing (grep/sed/awk)
├── 📂 SEM05/                       # Functions & Arrays
├── 📂 SEM06/                       # Capstone Project
├── 📂 SEM07/                       # Evaluation & Grading
│
├── 📂 lib/                         # Shared Python utilities
├── 📂 scripts/                     # Global automation scripts
└── 📂 assets/                      # CSS, images, resources

Detailed Folder Breakdown

📂 00_SUPPLEMENTARY/ — Exam Preparation Materials

00_SUPPLEMENTARY/
├── 📄 README.md                    # Folder overview
├── 📄 QUICK_REFERENCE_CARD.md      # Command cheat sheet
├── 📄 REFERENCES.md                # Bibliography and links
├── 📄 Exam_Exercises_Part1.md      # Practice problems (99KB)
├── 📄 Exam_Exercises_Part2.md      # Practice problems (83KB)
├── 📄 Exam_Exercises_Part3.md      # Practice problems (90KB)
├── 📂 diagrams_common/
│   └── skin.puml                   # PlantUML theme
├── 📂 diagrams_png/                # 27 concept diagrams
│   ├── coffman_conditions.png
│   ├── critical_section.png
│   ├── dining_philosophers.png
│   ├── docker_namespaces.png
│   ├── fork_copy_on_write.png
│   ├── hard_vs_symbolic_link.png
│   ├── inode_structure.png
│   ├── journaling_mechanism.png
│   ├── kernel_architectures.png
│   ├── mlfq_structure.png
│   ├── multithreading_models.png
│   ├── os_evolution.png
│   ├── page_replacement_algorithms.png
│   ├── paging_mechanism.png
│   ├── process_state_diagram.png
│   ├── producer_consumer.png
│   ├── race_condition.png
│   ├── scheduling_gantt_comparison.png
│   ├── security_aaa_permissions.png
│   ├── syscall_categories.png
│   ├── syscall_mechanism.png
│   ├── system_layers.png
│   ├── thread_vs_process_memory.png
│   ├── tlb_memory_access.png
│   ├── virtual_address_space.png
│   └── vm_vs_container.png
├── 📄 generate_diagrams.py         # PlantUML → PNG converter
└── 📄 validate.sh                  # Validation script

Purpose: Comprehensive exam preparation with 270+ pages of exercises covering all course topics.

📂 01_INIT_SETUP/ — Installation Guides

01_INIT_SETUP/
├── 📄 README.md                    # Setup overview
├── 📄 QUICK_START_EN.md            # 5-minute quick start
├── 📄 GUIDE_WSL2_Ubuntu2404_EN.md  # WSL2 detailed guide
├── 📄 GUIDE_WSL2_Ubuntu2404_INTERACTIVE.html
├── 📄 GUIDE_VirtualBox_Ubuntu2404_EN.md
├── 📄 GUIDE_VirtualBox_Ubuntu2404_INTERACTIVE.html
├── 📂 images/
│   └── SCREENSHOTS_NEEDED.md       # Placeholder for screenshots
└── 📄 verify_installation.sh       # Environment verification script

Purpose: Step-by-step setup guides for WSL2 (recommended) and VirtualBox with interactive HTML versions.

📂 02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/ & 03_GUIDES/ — Student Resources

02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/                  03_GUIDES/
├── 📄 README_EN.md                 ├── 📄 README_EN.md
├── 📄 CHANGELOG_EN.md              ├── 📄 CHANGELOG_EN.md
├── 📄 CONTRIBUTING_EN.md           ├── 📄 CONTRIBUTING_EN.md
├── 📄 FAQ_EN.md                    ├── 📄 FAQ_EN.md
├── 📄 STUDENT_GUIDE_EN.md          ├── 📄 STUDENT_GUIDE_EN.md
├── 📄 STUDENT_GUIDE_EN.html        ├── 📄 STUDENT_GUIDE_EN.html
├── 📄 record_homework_EN.sh        ├── 📄 record_homework_EN.sh
└── 📄 record_homework_tui_EN.py    ├── 📄 record_homework_tui_EN.py
                                    ├── 📄 check_my_submission.sh
                                    └── 📂 examples/
                                        └── sample_submission_demo.cast

Purpose:

02_INIT_HOMEWORKS/: Homework recording and submission infrastructure
03_GUIDES/: Comprehensive student handbook, FAQ, contribution guidelines

📂 04_PROJECTS/ — Semester Projects (23 Total)

04_PROJECTS/
├── 📄 README.md                    # Project overview
├── 📄 PROJECT_SELECTION_GUIDE.md   # How to choose
├── 📄 GENERAL_EVALUATION.md        # Evaluation criteria
├── 📄 TECHNICAL_GUIDE.md           # Best practices
├── 📄 UNIVERSAL_RUBRIC.md          # Grading rubric
├── 📄 KUBERNETES_INTRO.md          # K8s optional extension
├── 📄 Makefile                     # Build automation
│
├── 📂 b)EASY/                      # ⭐⭐ Beginner (5 projects)
│   ├── E01_File_System_Auditor.md
│   ├── E02_Log_Analyzer.md
│   ├── E03_Bulk_File_Organizer.md
│   ├── E04_System_Health_Reporter.md
│   └── E05_Config_File_Manager.md
│
├── 📂 a)MEDIUM/                    # ⭐⭐⭐ Intermediate (15 projects)
│   ├── M01_Incremental_Backup_System.md
│   ├── M02_Process_Lifecycle_Monitor.md
│   ├── M03_Service_Health_Watchdog.md
│   ├── M04_Network_Security_Scanner.md
│   ├── M05_Deployment_Pipeline.md
│   ├── M06_Resource_Usage_Historian.md
│   ├── M07_Security_Audit_Framework.md
│   ├── M08_Disk_Storage_Manager.md
│   ├── M09_Scheduled_Tasks_Manager.md
│   ├── M10_Process_Tree_Analyzer.md
│   ├── M11_Memory_Forensics_Tool.md
│   ├── M12_File_Integrity_Monitor.md
│   ├── M13_Log_Aggregator.md
│   ├── M14_Environment_Config_Manager.md
│   └── M15_Parallel_Execution_Engine.md
│
├── 📂 c)ADVANCED/                  # ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Expert (3 projects)
│   ├── A01_Mini_Job_Scheduler.md
│   ├── A02_Interactive_Shell_Extension.md
│   └── A03_Distributed_File_Sync.md
│
├── 📂 AUTOMATED_EVALUATION_SPEC/   # Test specifications
│   ├── AUTOMATED_EVALUATION_SPEC.md
│   ├── AUTOMATED_EVALUATION_SUMMARY.md
│   ├── TEST_SPEC_EASY.md
│   ├── TEST_SPEC_MEDIUM.md
│   └── TEST_SPEC_ADVANCED.md
│
├── 📂 helpers/                     # Utility scripts
│   ├── project_validator.sh
│   ├── submission_packager.sh
│   └── test_runner.sh
│
├── 📂 templates/                   # Project templates
│   ├── project_structure.sh
│   ├── README_template.md
│   └── Makefile_template
│
└── 📂 formative/
    └── project_readiness_quiz.yaml

Project Difficulty Matrix:

Level	Projects	Est. Time	Requirements
🟢 EASY	5	15-20h	Bash only
🟡 MEDIUM	15	25-35h	Bash + optional K8s
🔴 ADVANCED	3	40-50h	Bash + C integration

📂 05_LECTURES/ — 14 Core + 4 Supplementary Units

05_LECTURES/
├── 📂 00-HTML_all_as_ZIP(again)/
│   └── also_you_can_find_each_in_lectures_docs.zip
│
├── 📂 01-Introduction_to_Operating_Systems/
│   ├── README.md
│   ├── 📂 docs/
│   │   ├── 01ex1_-_Dual_Mode_Simulator.html
│   │   ├── 01ex2_-_Kernel_Architectures.html
│   │   ├── C01_01_COURSE_PLAN.md
│   │   ├── C01_02_CONCEPT_MAP.md
│   │   ├── C01_03_DISCUSSION_QUESTIONS.md
│   │   ├── C01_04_STUDY_GUIDE.md
│   │   └── C01_05_FORMATIVE_ASSESSMENT.yaml
│   └── 📂 scripts/
│       └── batch_sim.py
│
├── 📂 02-Basic_OS_Concepts/
├── 📂 03-Processes_(PCB+fork)/
├── 📂 04-Process_Scheduling/
├── 📂 05-Execution_Threads/
├── 📂 06-Synchronisation_(Part1_Peterson+locks+mutex)/
├── 📂 07-Synchronisation_(Part2_semaphore_buffer)/
├── 📂 08-Deadlock_(Coffman)/
├── 📂 09-Memory_Management_Part1_paging_segmentation/
├── 📂 10-Virtual_Memory_(TLB_Belady)/
├── 📂 11-File_System_(Part1_inode_pointers)/
├── 📂 12-File_System_Part2_alloc_extent_struct/
├── 📂 13-Security_in_Operating_Systems/
├── 📂 14-Virtualization+Recap/
│
├── 📂 15supp-Network_Connection/           # Supplementary
├── 📂 16supp-Advanced_Containerisation/    # Supplementary
├── 📂 17supp-Kernel_Level_OS_Programming/  # Supplementary
└── 📂 18supp-NPU_Integration_in_Operating_Systems/ # Supplementary

Each lecture unit contains:

File Pattern	Purpose
`README.md`	Unit overview
`C##_01_COURSE_PLAN.md`	Learning objectives, timing
`C##_02_CONCEPT_MAP.md`	Visual topic relationships
`C##_03_DISCUSSION_QUESTIONS.md`	Peer instruction questions
`C##_04_STUDY_GUIDE.md`	Self-study material
`C##_05_FORMATIVE_ASSESSMENT.yaml`	Quiz questions
`##ex#_-_*.html`	Interactive HTML simulators
`diagrams/*.puml`	PlantUML source files
`scripts/.py`, `scripts/.sh`	Demo scripts

📂 SEM01-SEM06/ — Seminar Packages (Standard Structure)

SEM0X/
├── 📄 README.md                    # Seminar overview
├── 📄 CHANGELOG.md                 # Version history
├── 📄 Makefile                     # Build/test automation
├── 📄 requirements.txt             # Python dependencies
│
├── 📂 ci/                          # CI/CD configuration
│   ├── github_actions.yml          # GitHub Actions workflow
│   └── linting.toml                # Linting configuration
│
├── 📂 docs/                        # Pedagogical materials
│   ├── S0X_00_PEDAGOGICAL_ANALYSIS_PLAN.md
│   ├── S0X_01_INSTRUCTOR_GUIDE.md
│   ├── S0X_02_MAIN_MATERIAL.md
│   ├── S0X_03_PEER_INSTRUCTION.md
│   ├── S0X_04_PARSONS_PROBLEMS.md
│   ├── S0X_05_LIVE_CODING_GUIDE.md
│   ├── S0X_06_SPRINT_EXERCISES.md
│   ├── S0X_07_LLM_AWARE_EXERCISES.md
│   ├── S0X_08_SPECTACULAR_DEMOS.md
│   ├── S0X_09_VISUAL_CHEAT_SHEET.md
│   ├── S0X_10_SELF_ASSESSMENT_REFLECTION.md
│   ├── lo_traceability.md
│   └── 📂 images/                  # SVG diagrams
│
├── 📂 formative/                   # Quiz system
│   ├── quiz.yaml                   # Question bank
│   ├── quiz_lms.json               # LMS export format
│   └── quiz_runner.py              # Interactive quiz runner
│
├── 📂 homework/                    # Assignments
│   ├── S0X_01_HOMEWORK.md          # Assignment specification
│   ├── S0X_03_EVALUATION_RUBRIC.md
│   ├── S0X_04_ORAL_VERIFICATION*.md
│   ├── 📂 OLD_HW/                  # Archive of previous assignments
│   └── 📂 solutions/               # Reference solutions (instructor)
│
├── 📂 presentations/               # Interactive slides
│   ├── S0X_01_presentation.html
│   └── S0X_02_cheat_sheet.html
│
├── 📂 resources/
│   └── S0X_RESOURCES.md            # Additional reading
│
├── 📂 scripts/
│   ├── 📂 bash/                    # Utility scripts
│   │   ├── S0X_01_setup_seminar.sh
│   │   ├── S0X_02_interactive_quiz.sh
│   │   └── S0X_03_validator.sh
│   ├── 📂 demo/                    # Live coding demos
│   │   └── S0X_0X_demo_*.sh
│   └── 📂 python/                  # Automation tools
│       ├── S0X_01_autograder.py
│       ├── S0X_02_quiz_generator.py
│       └── S0X_03_report_generator.py
│
└── 📂 tests/                       # Test suite
    ├── README.md
    ├── run_all_tests.sh
    └── test_*.py

📂 SEM07/ — Evaluation and Grading

SEM07/
├── 📄 README.md
├── 📂 docs/
│   ├── S07_00_PEDAGOGICAL_ANALYSIS_PLAN.md
│   └── S07_01_INSTRUCTOR_GUIDE.md
│
├── 📂 external_tools/              # Plagiarism detection
│   ├── MOSS_JPLAG_GUIDE.md
│   ├── run_moss.sh
│   └── run_plagiarism_check.sh
│
├── 📂 final_test/
│   └── 📂 test_bank/
│       └── questions_pool.yaml
│
├── 📂 grade_aggregation/
│   ├── GRADING_POLICY.md
│   ├── final_grade_calculator_EN.py
│   └── 📂 templates/
│       ├── homework_grades_template.csv
│       ├── project_grades_template.csv
│       └── test_grades_template.csv
│
├── 📂 homework_evaluation/
│   ├── HOMEWORK_EVALUATION_GUIDE.md
│   ├── grade_homework_EN.py
│   ├── verify_homework_EN.sh
│   └── 📂 homework_rubrics/
│       ├── S01_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│       ├── S02_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│       ├── S03_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│       ├── S04_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│       ├── S05_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│       └── S06_HOMEWORK_RUBRIC.md
│
└── 📂 project_evaluation/
    ├── 📂 Docker/
    │   └── Dockerfile
    ├── manual_eval_checklist_EN.md
    ├── oral_defence_questions_EN.md
    └── run_auto_eval_EN.sh

Purpose: Complete evaluation infrastructure including automated grading, plagiarism detection, oral defence protocols, and grade calculation.

📂 lib/ — Shared Python Utilities (NEW in v5.3)

lib/
├── 📄 README.md                    # Comprehensive documentation
├── 📄 __init__.py                  # Package initialisation
├── 📄 logging_utils.py             # Coloured logging
├── 📄 randomisation_utils.py       # Anti-plagiarism parameters
├── 📄 test_logging_utils.py        # Unit tests
└── 📄 test_randomisation_utils.py  # Unit tests

Purpose: Centralised utility modules ensuring consistency across all seminar packages.

📂 scripts/ — Global Automation (NEW in v5.3)

scripts/
├── 📄 add_print_styles.sh          # Inject print CSS into HTML
├── 📄 check_links.sh               # Documentation link validator
└── 📄 verify_links.sh              # Alternative link checker

Purpose: Kit-wide automation for quality assurance.

Part I: Setup and Configuration

Step 0: Choose Your Installation Option

flowchart TD
    A[🖥️ What OS?] --> B{Windows?}
    B -->|Yes| C{Version?}
    B -->|No| D[VirtualBox]
    C -->|Win 10/11 Build 19041+| E[✨ WSL2 Recommended]
    C -->|Older| D
    D --> F[VirtualBox + Ubuntu 24.04]
    E --> G[Native Linux Experience]
    
    style E fill:#90EE90
    style G fill:#90EE90

Option	For whom	Advantages	Disadvantages
WSL2 ⭐	Windows 10/11	Fast, integrated, no reboot	Requires updated Windows
VirtualBox	Any OS	Complete isolation, snapshots	Slower, more resources
Dual boot	Advanced users	Native performance	Risk, must reboot

Step 1: Installing WSL2 (Recommended)

# POWERSHELL (Administrator)
# 1. Enable required features
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:Microsoft-Windows-Subsystem-Linux /all /norestart
dism.exe /online /enable-feature /featurename:VirtualMachinePlatform /all /norestart

# 2. RESTART YOUR COMPUTER

# 3. After restart, install Ubuntu
wsl --update
wsl --set-default-version 2
wsl --install -d Ubuntu-24.04

Step 2: Configure Ubuntu

# BASH (Ubuntu)
# Update system
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

# Install required packages
sudo apt install -y git vim nano tree htop ncdu shellcheck \
    python3 python3-pip python3-venv build-essential \
    openssh-server curl wget figlet lolcat cowsay fortune pv dialog jq bc

# Verify installation
./01_INIT_SETUP/verify_installation.sh

Standard Lab Credentials

System	Username	Password
Ubuntu/WSL	`stud`	`stud`
Portainer	`stud`	`studstudstud`
URL	—	`http://localhost:9000`

Part II: Seminars (SEM01–SEM07)

Seminar Progression Map

graph LR
    subgraph Foundation
        S1[SEM01<br/>Shell Basics]
        S2[SEM02<br/>I/O & Loops]
    end
    
    subgraph Intermediate
        S3[SEM03<br/>Find/Xargs/Perms]
        S4[SEM04<br/>grep/sed/awk]
    end
    
    subgraph Advanced
        S5[SEM05<br/>Functions/Arrays]
        S6[SEM06<br/>Capstone]
    end
    
    subgraph Evaluation
        S7[SEM07<br/>Assessment]
    end
    
    S1 --> S2 --> S3 --> S4 --> S5 --> S6 --> S7
    
    style S1 fill:#E8F5E9
    style S2 fill:#E8F5E9
    style S3 fill:#FFF3E0
    style S4 fill:#FFF3E0
    style S5 fill:#FFEBEE
    style S6 fill:#FFEBEE
    style S7 fill:#E3F2FD

Seminar Overview Table

Week	Seminar	Topic	Key Skills	Hours
1	SEM01	Shell Fundamentals	Navigation, variables, FHS, quoting, globbing	3+3
2	SEM02	I/O Redirection & Loops	Pipes, filters, `for`/`while`, scripting basics	3+3
3	SEM03	Find, Xargs, Permissions	`find -exec`, `xargs`, `chmod`, `getopts`, cron	3+3
4	SEM04	Text Processing	Regular expressions, `grep`, `sed`, `awk`	3+3
5	SEM05	Functions & Arrays	Robust scripting, `trap`, logging, debugging	3+3
6	SEM06	Capstone Project	Monitor, Backup, Deployer integration	6+6
7	SEM07	Evaluation	Assessment, oral defence, grading	3

Seminar Document Types

For Instructors

Document	Purpose
`S0X_00_PEDAGOGICAL_ANALYSIS_PLAN.md`	Learning design and objectives
`S0X_01_INSTRUCTOR_GUIDE.md`	Session facilitation guide
`S0X_05_LIVE_CODING_GUIDE.md`	Demo scripts and walkthroughs
`S0X_08_SPECTACULAR_DEMOS.md`	Engaging demonstrations

For Students

Document	Purpose
`S0X_02_MAIN_MATERIAL.md`	Core content and explanations
`S0X_03_PEER_INSTRUCTION.md`	Discussion questions
`S0X_04_PARSONS_PROBLEMS.md`	Code ordering exercises
`S0X_06_SPRINT_EXERCISES.md`	Timed practice problems
`S0X_07_LLM_AWARE_EXERCISES.md`	AI-resistant tasks
`S0X_09_VISUAL_CHEAT_SHEET.md`	Quick reference
`S0X_10_SELF_ASSESSMENT_REFLECTION.md`	Self-evaluation

Typical Seminar Flow (100 minutes)

┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         SEMINAR STRUCTURE (100 min)                            │
├────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                                │
│  0min        5min       20min       35min       45min   50min                  │
│    │          │          │           │           │       │                     │
│    ▼          ▼          ▼           ▼           ▼       ▼                     │
│  ┌────┐     ┌─────┐    ┌─────┐     ┌──────┐     ┌────┐   ┌─────┐               │
│  │HOOK│───▶│ PI  │───▶│LIVE │───▶│SPRINT│───▶│ PI │──▶│BREAK│               │
│  │DEMO│     │ Q1  │    │CODE │     │  1   │     │ Q2 │   │☕  │               │
│  └────┘     └─────┘    └─────┘     └──────┘     └────┘   └─────┘               │
│                                                                                │
│  60min       75min       85min       95min      100min                         │
│    │          │           │           │           │                            │
│    ▼          ▼           ▼           ▼           ▼                            │
│  ┌─────┐    ┌─────┐    ┌──────┐     ┌─────┐     ┌─────┐                        │
│  │LIVE │──▶│ PI  │───▶│SPRINT│───▶│WRAP │───▶│ HW  │                        │
│  │CODE │    │ Q3  │    │  2   │     │ UP  │     │INTRO│                        │
│  └─────┘    └─────┘    └──────┘     └─────┘     └─────┘                        │
│                                                                                │
│  Legend: PI = Peer Instruction, HW = Homework                                  │
└────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Part III: Lectures (14 Core + 4 Supplementary)

Course Topic Map

mindmap
  root((Operating<br/>Systems))
    Foundations
      01 Introduction
      02 Basic Concepts
    Processes
      03 PCB & fork
      04 Scheduling
      05 Threads
    Synchronisation
      06 Locks & Mutex
      07 Semaphores
      08 Deadlock
    Memory
      09 Paging
      10 Virtual Memory
    Storage
      11 File System I
      12 File System II
    Advanced
      13 Security
      14 Virtualisation
    Supplementary
      15 Network
      16 Containers
      17 Kernel
      18 NPU

Lecture Units Detailed

#	Topic	Interactive HTML	Key Concepts
01	Introduction to OS	Dual Mode Simulator, Kernel Architectures	History, structure, modes
02	Basic OS Concepts	Interrupt Flow, Polling vs Interrupts	System calls, interrupts
03	Processes (PCB+fork)	Process State Diagram, Fork Simulator, Zombie/Orphan	PCB, fork, exec, wait
04	Process Scheduling	Scheduling Gantt, MLFQ Simulator, Starvation Demo	FCFS, SJF, RR, MLFQ
05	Execution Threads	Thread vs Process Memory, Threading Models	User/kernel threads
06	Synchronisation I	Race Condition, Peterson Algorithm, Mutex vs Spinlock	Critical section, locks
07	Synchronisation II	Semaphore Operations, Producer-Consumer, Readers-Writers	Semaphores, monitors
08	Deadlock	RAG Visualizer, Banker's Algorithm, Detection/Recovery	Coffman conditions
09	Memory Management I	Memory Partitioning, Paging Visualizer, Segmentation	Paging, segmentation
10	Virtual Memory	Page Replacement, Working Set, Thrashing Demo	TLB, Bélády's anomaly
11	File System I	Inode Explorer, Pointer Indirection, Hard vs Symbolic	Inodes, links
12	File System II	Allocation Methods, Journaling Demo	Allocation, journaling
13	Security	Permissions Calculator, Buffer Overflow Demo	AAA, capabilities
14	Virtualisation	VM vs Container	Type 1/2, containers
15	Network (supp)	Socket API Flow, TCP vs UDP, I/O Multiplexing	Sockets, protocols
16	Containers (supp)	Namespaces, Cgroups, Overlay FS	Docker internals
17	Kernel (supp)	Module Lifecycle, Character Device	Kernel modules, eBPF
18	NPU (supp)	Heterogeneous Computing, CPU/GPU/NPU	AI accelerators

Part IV: Projects

Project Selection Flowchart

                          START HERE
                              │
                              ▼
              ┌───────────────────────────────┐
              │ Have you written >500 lines   │
              │ of Bash code before?          │
              └───────────────────────────────┘
                        │
                 ┌──────┴──────┐
                 │             │
                YES            NO
                 │             │
                 ▼             ▼
          ┌──────────┐   ┌──────────────────────┐
          │ Do you   │   │ 👉 START WITH EASY  │
          │ know C?  │   │    E01-E05           │
          └──────────┘   │    (15-20 hours)     │
                 │       └──────────────────────┘
          ┌──────┴──────┐
          │             │
         YES            NO
          │             │
          ▼             ▼
   ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────────────┐
   │ 👉 ADVANCED  │  │ 👉 MEDIUM           │
   │    A01-A03   │  │    M01-M15           │
   │  (40-50 hrs) │  │    (25-35 hours)     │
   └──────────────┘  └──────────────────────┘

Project Categories

Level	Icon	Projects	Est. Hours	Requirements
EASY	🟢	E01–E05	15-20h	Bash only
MEDIUM	🟡	M01–M15	25-35h	Bash + optional K8s
ADVANCED	🔴	A01–A03	40-50h	Bash + C integration

All Projects List

🟢 EASY Projects (5)

ID	Name	Description
E01	File System Auditor	Scan directories, report statistics
E02	Log Analyzer	Parse and summarise log files
E03	Bulk File Organizer	Sort files by type/date/size
E04	System Health Reporter	Generate system status reports
E05	Config File Manager	Backup and manage configurations

🟡 MEDIUM Projects (15)

ID	Name	Description
M01	Incremental Backup System	rsync-based backup with rotation
M02	Process Lifecycle Monitor	Track process birth/death events
M03	Service Health Watchdog	Monitor and restart services
M04	Network Security Scanner	Port scanning and vulnerability check
M05	Deployment Pipeline	Automated deployment workflow
M06	Resource Usage Historian	Historical resource tracking
M07	Security Audit Framework	System security assessment
M08	Disk Storage Manager	Disk usage monitoring and cleanup
M09	Scheduled Tasks Manager	Enhanced cron job management
M10	Process Tree Analyzer	Visualise process hierarchies
M11	Memory Forensics Tool	Memory usage analysis
M12	File Integrity Monitor	Detect file modifications
M13	Log Aggregator	Centralise logs from multiple sources
M14	Environment Config Manager	Manage environment variables
M15	Parallel Execution Engine	Parallel task execution

🔴 ADVANCED Projects (3)

ID	Name	Description
A01	Mini Job Scheduler	Custom job scheduling system
A02	Interactive Shell Extension	Extended shell features
A03	Distributed File Sync	Multi-node file synchronisation

Project Timeline

Week 8         Week 10        Week 12        Week 14        Exam Session
  │              │              │              │                 │
  ▼              ▼              ▼              ▼                 ▼
┌────────┐     ┌────────┐    ┌────────┐     ┌────────┐      ┌────────┐
│ SELECT │───▶│   M1   │───▶│   M2   │───▶│ SUBMIT │─────▶│PRESENT │
│PROJECT │     │ CHECK  │    │ CHECK  │     │ FINAL  │      │& DEMO  │
└────────┘     └────────┘    └────────┘     └────────┘      └────────┘
     │              │              │              │
     └── 2 weeks ───┴── 2 weeks ───┴── 2 weeks ───┘

Evaluation Criteria

Component	Weight
Correct functionality	40%
Code quality	20%
Documentation	15%
Automated tests	15%
Presentation	10%

Part V: Shared Utilities & Developer Tools

lib/ — Shared Python Modules

logging_utils.py

Provides consistent, coloured logging across all Python scripts.

from logging_utils import setup_logging

logger = setup_logging(__name__)
logger.info("Processing started")
logger.warning("Low disk space")
logger.error("File not found")

Colour Scheme:

Level	Colour	ANSI Code
DEBUG	Cyan	`\033[0;36m`
INFO	Green	`\033[0;32m`
WARNING	Yellow	`\033[0;33m`
ERROR	Red	`\033[0;31m`
CRITICAL	Bold Red	`\033[1;31m`

randomisation_utils.py

Generates deterministic, student-specific test parameters for anti-plagiarism.

from randomisation_utils import generate_student_seed, randomise_test_parameters

seed = generate_student_seed("student@ase.ro", "SEM03_HW")
params = randomise_test_parameters(seed)
# Same student + assignment = same parameters (reproducible)

Generated Parameters:

Category	Fields
Network	`ip_addresses`, `ports`
File System	`file_sizes`, `file_names`, `directory_names`
Time	`timestamps`, `cron_hours`, `cron_days`
Process	`pids`, `signals`
Permissions	`usernames`, `permissions_octal`
Text	`search_patterns`, `line_numbers`

scripts/ — Automation Scripts

check_links.sh

Validates documentation links across the entire kit.

# Check internal links only (fast)
./scripts/check_links.sh

# Check all links including external URLs (slow)
./scripts/check_links.sh --external

# Requirements: lychee (cargo install lychee)

add_print_styles.sh

Injects print stylesheets into HTML presentations for offline handouts.

# Preview changes
./scripts/add_print_styles.sh --dry-run

# Apply changes
./scripts/add_print_styles.sh

Part VI: Anti-Plagiarism Infrastructure

Multi-Layer Detection System

flowchart TD
    subgraph Layer1["🔍 Layer 1: Automated"]
        A[Internal Detector] --> B[Similarity Check]
        A --> C[AI Pattern Scan]
    end
    
    subgraph Layer2["🔬 Layer 2: External Tools"]
        D[MOSS] --> E[Structural Analysis]
        F[JPlag] --> G[Token Comparison]
    end
    
    subgraph Layer3["👤 Layer 3: Human"]
        H[Oral Verification] --> I[Understanding Confirmation]
    end
    
    Layer1 --> Layer2 --> Layer3

Tools Overview

Tool	Command	Purpose
Internal Detector	`make plagiarism-check`	Fast similarity + AI patterns
MOSS	`make moss-check`	Stanford structural comparison
JPlag	`make jplag-check`	Offline detailed analysis
Oral Verification	Manual	Understanding confirmation

AI Fingerprint Scanner

Located in SEM01/scripts/python/S01_06_ai_fingerprint_scanner.py:

python3 S01_06_ai_fingerprint_scanner.py submission.sh

Detects patterns indicating AI generation:

Overly consistent comment style
Unusual vocabulary patterns
Suspicious formatting uniformity
Common AI-generated phrases

Part VII: CI/CD Pipeline

GitHub Actions Workflow

Each seminar includes a CI configuration (ci/github_actions.yml) with:

Job	Purpose	Tool
`lint-bash`	Shell script linting	ShellCheck
`lint-python`	Python code linting	Ruff
`validate-yaml`	Quiz/config validation	yamllint
`ai-check`	AI fingerprint detection	Custom scanner
`link-check`	Documentation links	lychee
`test`	Unit tests with coverage	pytest
`structure-check`	Directory validation	Custom

Running Locally

cd SEM01
make test        # Run tests
make lint        # Run linters
make ai-check    # Check for AI patterns
make all         # Run everything

Test Coverage Requirements

Component	Target Coverage
lib/	>80%
Autograders	>75%
Quiz generators	>70%

Part VIII: Pedagogy & Course Philosophy

Core Principles

mindmap
  root((Course<br/>Design))
    Growth Mindset
      No programmer gene
      Deliberate practice
      Errors = learning
    Active Learning
      Peer Instruction
      Parsons Problems
      Live Coding
    Attention Science
      5-10 min sprints
      Micro-milestones
      Strategic breaks
    AI Awareness
      LLM-aware exercises
      Understanding focus
      Tool not crutch

Teaching Methods

Method	Description	Research Basis
Peer Instruction	Questions with pair discussions	Mazur (1997), Porter et al. (2016)
Parsons Problems	Code reordering exercises	Parsons & Haden (2006)
Live Coding	Real-time demonstration	Rubin (2013), Raj et al. (2018)
Sprint Exercises	Timed practice in short bursts	Cognitive load theory
LLM-Aware Tasks	Exercises requiring understanding	Contemporary necessity

What Students Will Be Able to Do

Skill Area	Capabilities
Automation	Write scripts that automate complex tasks
Debugging	Use `strace`, `top`, `htop`, `lsof` effectively
Administration	Manage permissions, processes, services, cron
Foundation	Understand OS internals for any specialisation

Career Relevance

Direction	Course Knowledge Applied
DevOps / SRE	Scripting, processes, services, containers
Information Security	Permissions, processes, system audits
Backend Development	IPC, threading, virtual memory
Embedded / IoT	Processes, scheduling, kernel
Cloud Engineering	Virtualisation, containers, automation
Data Engineering	Text processing (grep/sed/awk), pipelines

Annexes

Annex A: Standard Lab Credentials

System	Username	Password
Ubuntu/WSL	`stud`	`stud`
Portainer	`stud`	`studstudstud`
Portainer URL	—	`http://localhost:9000`

Annex B: Emergency Commands

# System information
lsb_release -a
uname -a

# Resource status
df -h          # Disk space
free -h        # Memory
top -bn1 | head -20  # Processes

# Logs
journalctl -xe --no-pager | tail -50

# WSL restart (from PowerShell)
wsl --shutdown
wsl

Annex C: Weekly Workflow

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                         THE COURSE WEEK                                     │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│    ┌──────────────┐      ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐              │
│    │ BEFORE THE   │      │ DURING THE   │     │ AFTER THE    │              │
│    │   SEMINAR    │────▶│   SEMINAR    │────▶│   SEMINAR    │              │
│    └──────────────┘      └──────────────┘     └──────────────┘              │
│           │                    │                    │                       │
│           ▼                    ▼                    ▼                       │
│    ┌───────────────┐    ┌───────────────┐    ┌──────────────┐               │
│    │ 1. Read       │    │ 1. Participate│    │ 1. Review    │               │
│    │    README     │    │    actively   │    │    notes     │               │
│    │               │    │               │    │              │               │
│    │ 2. Go through │    │ 2. Note the   │    │ 2. Complete  │               │
│    │    MATERIAL   │    │    commands   │    │    homework  │               │
│    │               │    │               │    │              │               │
│    │ 3. Prepare    │    │ 3. Ask when   │    │ 3. Run       │               │
│    │    environment│    │    unclear    │    │    validator │               │
│    └───────────────┘    └───────────────┘    └──────────────┘               │
│                                                                             │
│    Time: 30 min         Time: 100 min        Time: 60-90 min                │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Annex D: Complete .gitignore Template

# Temporary files
*.tmp
*.temp
*.bak
*.backup
*~
*.swp
*.swo

# Logs and output
*.log
*.out
*.err

# Python
__pycache__/
*.py[cod]
*.pyo
venv/
env/
.env

# Build artifacts
*.o
*.a
*.so
*.exe

# IDE
.idea/
.vscode/
*.sublime-*

# OS files
.DS_Store
Thumbs.db
Desktop.ini

# Archives
*.zip
*.tar.gz
*.rar
*.7z

# Generated
output/
results/
build/
dist/

# Sensitive
*.key
*.pem
passwords.txt
secrets.*

Annex E: Kit Statistics Summary

Category	Quantity	Details
Theoretical Lectures	14	Chapters 01–14
Supplementary Lectures	4	Chapters 15–18
Practical Seminars	7	SEM01–SEM07
Semester Projects	23	5 EASY + 15 MEDIUM + 3 ADVANCED
Markdown Files	362	Documentation and guides
HTML Presentations	71	Interactive slides
PNG Diagrams	27	In `00_SUPPLEMENTARY/`
SVG Diagrams	26	Vector graphics
Python Scripts	65	Autograders, tools, tests
Bash Scripts	118	Demos, utilities, validators
YAML Quiz Files	28	Question banks
Test Files	25+	pytest and shell tests
Estimated Hours	60+	For complete coverage

Annex F: Changelog (Recent)

Version 5.3.1 (January 2026)

New Features:

✅ Added print stylesheets to all HTML presentations
✅ Added link checking to CI pipeline
✅ Expanded test coverage for lib/ utilities (>80%)
✅ Added lib/README.md documentation with usage examples

Improvements:

Updated CI to version 2.2 with link-check job
Standardised script documentation
Enhanced test templates

Files Added:

lib/README.md
lib/test_logging_utils.py
lib/test_randomisation_utils.py
scripts/check_links.sh
scripts/add_print_styles.sh
assets/css/print.css
SEM01/tests/test_ai_fingerprint.py

Licence

Summary

Permission	Status
✅ Personal study	Allowed
✅ Code execution for learning	Allowed
✅ Local modification for experimentation	Allowed
✅ Academic citation with attribution	Allowed
❌ Redistribution	Prohibited
❌ Derivative works for public use	Prohibited
❌ Commercial use	Prohibited

Attribution

When citing these materials in academic works:

Clim, A. (2026). ENos — Educational Kit for Operating Systems (v5.3.1).
Bucharest University of Economic Studies — CSIE.
https://github.com/antonioclim/ENos

BibTeX

@misc{clim2026enos,
  author       = {Clim, Antonio},
  title        = {{ENos}: Operating Systems — Complete Educational Kit},
  year         = {2026},
  version      = {5.3.1},
  institution  = {Bucharest University of Economic Studies},
  howpublished = {\url{https://github.com/antonioclim/ENos}},
  note         = {English language version. Romanian version: ROso}
}

See LICENCE.md for complete terms.

Kit updated: January 2026
Version: 5.3.1
Tested on: Ubuntu 24.04 LTS, WSL2 with Ubuntu 22.04/24.04
Feedback: GitHub Issues

ing. dr. Antonio Clim
Assistant Lecturer (fixed-term)
Bucharest University of Economic Studies — CSIE

🇬🇧 ENos (English) | 🇷🇴 ROso (Romanian)

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 91 Commits
00_SUPPLEMENTARY		00_SUPPLEMENTARY
01_INIT_SETUP		01_INIT_SETUP
02_INIT_HOMEWORKS		02_INIT_HOMEWORKS
03_GUIDES		03_GUIDES
04_PROJECTS		04_PROJECTS
05_LECTURES		05_LECTURES
SEM01		SEM01
SEM02		SEM02
SEM03		SEM03
SEM04		SEM04
SEM05		SEM05
SEM06		SEM06
SEM07		SEM07
assets/css		assets/css
lib		lib
scripts		scripts
LICENCE.md		LICENCE.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
NAVIGATION.md		NAVIGATION.md
README.md		README.md
README_ADDITIONS.md		README_ADDITIONS.md
pyproject.toml		pyproject.toml

Folders and files

Latest commit

History

Repository files navigation

ENos — Operating Systems: Complete Educational Kit

📋 Table of Contents

🆕 What's New in v5.3

🚀 Quick Navigation

📊 Kit Overview

At a Glance

Comprehensive Statistics

📁 Repository Structure

Top-Level Architecture

Detailed Folder Breakdown

Part I: Setup and Configuration

Step 0: Choose Your Installation Option

Step 1: Installing WSL2 (Recommended)

Step 2: Configure Ubuntu

Standard Lab Credentials

Part II: Seminars (SEM01–SEM07)

Seminar Progression Map

Seminar Overview Table

Seminar Document Types

For Instructors

For Students

Typical Seminar Flow (100 minutes)

Part III: Lectures (14 Core + 4 Supplementary)

Course Topic Map

Lecture Units Detailed

Part IV: Projects

Project Selection Flowchart

Project Categories

All Projects List

Project Timeline

Evaluation Criteria

Part V: Shared Utilities & Developer Tools

lib/ — Shared Python Modules

logging_utils.py

randomisation_utils.py

scripts/ — Automation Scripts

check_links.sh

add_print_styles.sh

Part VI: Anti-Plagiarism Infrastructure

Multi-Layer Detection System

Tools Overview

AI Fingerprint Scanner

Part VII: CI/CD Pipeline

GitHub Actions Workflow

Running Locally

Test Coverage Requirements

Part VIII: Pedagogy & Course Philosophy

Core Principles

Teaching Methods

What Students Will Be Able to Do

Career Relevance

Annexes

Annex A: Standard Lab Credentials

Annex B: Emergency Commands

Annex C: Weekly Workflow

Annex D: Complete .gitignore Template

Annex E: Kit Statistics Summary

Annex F: Changelog (Recent)

Version 5.3.1 (January 2026)

Licence

Summary

Attribution

BibTeX

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