chore(sass): fix module builds

[Splaktar]

AngularJS Material is in LTS mode

We are no longer accepting changes that are not critical bug fixes into this project.
See Long Term Support for more detail.

PR Checklist

Please check your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• Does this PR fix a regression since 1.2.0, a security flaw, or a problem caused by a new browser version?
• The commit message follows our guidelines
• Tests for the changes have been added or this is not a bug fix / enhancement
• Docs have been added, updated, or were not required

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

[ ] Bugfix
[ ] Enhancement
[ ] Documentation content changes
[ ] Code style update (formatting, local variables)
[ ] Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
[x] Build related changes
[x] CI related changes
[ ] Infrastructure changes
[ ] Other... Please describe:

What is the current behavior?

• module builds were broken by PR build: fix SCSS division deprecation #12112

What is the new behavior?

• fixes module builds broken by PR build: fix SCSS division deprecation #12112
• break module imports out into a separate file since it behaves differently than
  Sass variables.
• add a new hoistScssAtUseStatements() function to deduplicates @use statements
  and move them to the top as required by Sass.
• start testing the module and closure builds for every PR and don't let breaking
  changes get to master before we find them.
• update CircleCI NodeJS image and comments about where to find new images
• update caniuse-lite

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

[ ] Yes
[x] No

Other information

N/A