Change: Make Braket.jl an optional dependency with package extension

[kshyatt-aws]

Issue #, if available:

Description of changes: Move basic gates, noises, and circuits into BraketSimulator.jl and add a Braket.jl extension so we can strip out all the HTTP, JSON, etc. support. Also add support for non-integer exponents of gates.

Testing done: Unit tests passed locally.

Merge Checklist

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 96.56652% with 32 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 97.63%. Comparing base (83850ed) to head (75ae26a).
Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Files	Patch %	Lines
...aketSimulatorPythonExt/BraketSimulatorPythonExt.jl	50.00%	5 Missing ⚠️
src/raw_schema.jl	86.84%	5 Missing ⚠️
src/observables.jl	94.87%	4 Missing ⚠️
...aketSimulatorBraketExt/BraketSimulatorBraketExt.jl	95.31%	3 Missing ⚠️
src/BraketSimulator.jl	97.76%	3 Missing ⚠️
src/noises.jl	93.87%	3 Missing ⚠️
src/builtin_functions.jl	66.66%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/circuit.jl	98.52%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/operators.jl	93.54%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/Quasar.jl	98.79%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 2 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #36      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   96.87%   97.63%   +0.76%     
==========================================
  Files          16       23       +7     
  Lines        2716     3174     +458     
==========================================
+ Hits         2631     3099     +468     
+ Misses         85       75      -10     

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[kshyatt-aws]

Just FYI we should not merge this until we have verified the notebooks will work with these changes