FkAdder for Laravel Migration

Lets you add foreign keys smart and easy! Foreign key adder for laravel migration. For Laravel 4.2 and 5.*.

The purpose of FkAdder is to simplify declaration of foreign key columns in migration.

Things that FkAdder do for you:

• Remembers the data type of a foreign key, and it will provide the correct data type for you, so that you don't have to recall the data type of foreign key column whenever you need that particular foreign key.
• Lets you create migration tables in any order. This solves the problem when your table is created prior than the reference table. Usually this may cause error like Reference table some_table does not exist, this happens when referencing the table which are to be migrated on last part of migrations.
• Speeds up laravel migration development.

Installation

composer require ajcastro/fk-adder

Alias

Add alias into config/app.php file. You can skip this because of laravel's auto-discovery.

 'Fk' => FkAdder\Fk::class

Configuration

Create a config file named config/fk_adder.php

<?php

return [
    // For simple string-based declaration
    'fk_datatypes_path' => base_path('database/foreign_keys/fk_datatypes.php')
    // For class-based declaration, used for special cases and more control. You don't need this for simple cases .
    'fk_namespace' => 'Your\Fk\Namespace',
];

Setup

There are two ways to setup your foreign keys: string-based declaration and class-based declaration. String-based is preferred for simpler datatype declaration.

String-based declaration

Open your fk_datatypes_path file and add the foreign key declaration in the array. The array keys are the foreign key columns and its values are the datatypes. The reference tables are smartly guessed already by remove the _id and pluralizing the foreign key names e.g. user_id -> users.

<?php

return [
    'user_id'       => 'unsignedInteger',
    'group_id'      => 'unsignedInteger',
    'preference_id' => 'unsignedBigInteger',
];

Since version 1.2, you can now also define the reference table. This is helpful for foreign keys which has custom table names.

<?php

return [
    'user_id'       => 'unsignedInteger, custom_users',
    'group_id'      => 'unsignedInteger, custom_groups',
];

Class-based declaration

Create classes of foreign keys declaration inside your fk_namespace directory path.

Naming Convention

If the foreign key is e.g. user_id, then the class name should be UserId.

Example:

<?php

namespace Your\Fk\Namespace;

use FkAdder\BaseFk;

class UserId extends BaseFk
{
    protected $referenceTable = 'users';

    public function createFkColumn($column)
    {
        return $this->table->unsignedInteger($column);
    }
}

Sample Usage, Before vs After

Before

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function(Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->unsignedInteger('group_id')->nullable()->comment('Group of the user');
            $table->unsignedBigInteger('preference_id')->nullable()->comment('Preference of the user');

            $table->foreign('group_id')->references('id')->on('groups');
            $table->foreign('preference_id')->references('id')->on('preferences')
                ->onDelete('cascade')>onUpdate('cascade');
        });
    }
}

After

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function(Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');

            Fk::make($table)->add('group_id')->nullable()->comment('Group of the user');

            Fk::make($table)
                ->onDelete('cascade')
                ->onUpdate('cascade')
                ->add('preference_id')
                ->nullable()
                ->comment('Preference of the user');
        });

        Fk::migrate();
    }
}

More Features, Benefits and Explanations

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('users', function(Blueprint $table) {
            $table->increments('id');

            // Foreign key declaration is one-liner, simpler and more compact.
            // You dont have to type what datatype it is. You will just declare it once.
            Fk::make($table)->add('group_id')->nullable()->comment('Group of the user');
            Fk::make($table)->onDelete('cascade')->add('preference_id')
                ->nullable()->comment('Preference of the user');

            // After you call the method `add()`, it will return an instance of the usual \Illuminate\Support\Fluent,
            // so that you can chain more column declaration like `nullable()` and `comment()`

            // If ever you need a different column name from the foreign key, just pass a second parameter
            // to `add()` method e.g.
            Fk::make($table)->add('group_id', 'new_group_id')->nullable()->comment('New group of the user');

            // The default `onDelete` settings is `restrict` and `onUpdate` is `cascade`.
            Fk::make($table)->onDelete('restrict')->onUpdate('cascade')->add('group_id', 'new_group_id');

            // You can also pass the key name for the foreign key.
            Fk::make($table)->keyName('users_new_group_id_foreign_key')->add('group_id', 'new_group_id');

            // Take note that those foreign key modifiers should be called prior or before the `add()` method.
        });

        // Finally, you may now migrate and persist foreign keys in mysql database.
        // You can call this once at the very end of migration,
        // so all your foreign key declarations accross different migration files will be persisted.
        Fk::migrate();
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Fk::rollback(); // delete foreign keys persisted by Fk::migrate(), (coming soon...)
        Schema::dropIfExists('users');
    }
}

License

Released under MIT License.