On the latest beaglebone images, Adafruit_BBIO fails to compile because it uses -Werror and gcc has added a bunch of new warnings.
The simple fix is removing -Werror. It's a bad idea to use -Werror by default in open source projects exactly because a newer compiler version may add new warnings and as a result break compilation.
Obviously it would also be a good idea to examine the warnings and either fix the problem (if there is one) or suppress the warning (if there isn't).