The World's First Debugging-First Language Model for Repository-Scale, Memory-Driven Code Understanding
Kodezi Chronos is proprietary technology with exclusive access
| Timeline | Access | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Q4 2025 | Beta Access | Select enterprise partners via chronos.so |
| Q1 2026 | General Availability | Via Kodezi OS platform |
This repository contains research findings, benchmarks, and evaluation frameworks. The model itself is not publicly available.
Quick Start β’ Get Early Access β’ Read Paper β’ View Benchmarks β’ Documentation β’ Case Studies
| Metric | Kodezi Chronos | GPT-4 | Claude-3-Opus | Gemini-1.5-Pro | Improvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debug Success Rate | 65.3%Β±1.4%* | 8.5%Β±2.1% | 7.8%Β±2.3% | 11.2%Β±1.7% | 5.8-8.4x |
| Root Cause Accuracy | 78.4%Β±1.2%* | 12.3%Β±1.8% | 11.7%Β±2.0% | 15.8%Β±1.5% | 5.0-6.7x |
| Average Fix Cycles | 2.2 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 5.1 | 2.3-3.1x faster |
| Retrieval Precision | 91%Β±0.8%* | 68%Β±2.3% | 67%Β±2.4% | 74%Β±1.8% | 1.2-1.4x |
| Cost per Success | $1.36 | $5.53 | $6.67 | $6.07 | 4.1-4.9x cheaper |
*p < 0.001 compared to best baseline (two-tailed t-test, n=5,000)
| Bug Category | Chronos | GPT-4 | Claude-3 | Gemini-1.5 | Chronos Advantage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syntax Errors | 94.2% | 82.3% | 79.8% | 85.1% | 1.1x |
| Logic Bugs | 72.8% | 12.1% | 10.7% | 15.3% | 6.0x |
| Concurrency Issues | 58.3% | 3.2% | 2.8% | 4.1% | 18.2x |
| Memory Problems | 61.7% | 5.7% | 4.3% | 6.9% | 10.8x |
| API Misuse | 79.1% | 18.9% | 16.2% | 22.4% | 4.2x |
| Performance Bugs | 65.4% | 7.4% | 6.1% | 9.8% | 8.8x |
| Repository Size | Chronos Success | Best Baseline | Baseline Model | Improvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| <10K LOC | 71.2%Β±2.8% | 21.3%Β±3.5% | Gemini-1.5-Pro | 3.3x |
| 10K-100K LOC | 68.9%Β±2.5% | 14.7%Β±3.2% | Gemini-1.5-Pro | 4.7x |
| 100K-1M LOC | 64.3%Β±2.9% | 8.9%Β±2.8% | Gemini-1.5-Pro | 7.2x |
| >1M LOC | 59.7%Β±3.1% | 3.8%Β±1.9% | Gemini-1.5-Pro | 15.7x |
Unlike code completion models trained on next-token prediction, Chronos is purpose-built from 42.5 million real debugging examples
Learns from every debugging session across your codebase, improving continuously with cross-session pattern recognition
Dynamic k-hop expansion enables unlimited context through intelligent graph traversal, not brute-force token expansion
Recognizes debugging as inherently output-heavy (~3K output vs ~3.6K input tokens), optimized for generating fixes, tests, and documentation
Iteratively refines fixes through propose β test β analyze β refine cycles until all tests pass
graph TD
A[Multi-Source Input Layer] --> B[Adaptive Retrieval Engine]
B --> C[Debug-Tuned LLM Core]
C --> D[Orchestration Controller]
D --> E[Execution Sandbox]
E --> F[Validation Results]
F --> G{Tests Pass?}
G -->|No| H[Iterative Refinement]
H --> B
G -->|Yes| I[Persistent Memory Update]
I --> J[Fix Deployed]
style A fill:#f9f,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
style C fill:#bbf,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
style I fill:#bfb,stroke:#333,stroke-width:4px
-
Multi-Source Input Layer
- Ingests heterogeneous debugging signals: source code, CI/CD logs, error traces, tests, documentation
- Processes 10+ input modalities simultaneously
-
Adaptive Retrieval Engine (AGR)
- Dynamic k-hop neighbor expansion (k=1-5 based on complexity)
- 89.2% precision vs 42.3% for flat retrieval
- Handles temporal code evolution and refactoring
-
Debug-Tuned LLM Core
- Trained on debugging workflows, not code completion
- Specialized tasks: root cause prediction, multi-file patches, test interpretation
- 78.4% root cause accuracy vs 15.8% best baseline
-
Orchestration Controller
- Manages autonomous debugging loop
- Hypothesis generation β fix refinement β rollback on failure
- Average 2.2 cycles to success
-
Persistent Debug Memory
- Repository-specific bug patterns and fixes
- Cross-session learning and adaptation
- 7.3x better token efficiency through memory
-
Execution Sandbox
- Isolated test execution environment
- CI/CD pipeline emulation
- Real-time validation without production risk
-
Explainability Layer
- Human-readable root cause explanations
- Automated PR descriptions and commit messages
- Risk assessment for proposed changes
| Metric | Chronos | GPT-4+RAG | Claude-3+VectorDB | Gemini-1.5+Graph |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Precision@10 | 89.2% | 42.3% | 48.1% | 51.7% |
| Recall@10 | 84.7% | 31.7% | 36.2% | 41.8% |
| Fix Accuracy | 67.3% | 8.9% | 11.2% | 14.6% |
| Context Efficiency | 0.71 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 0.31 |
MRR tests real-world debugging by scattering context across 10-50 files over 3-12 months of history
# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/kodezi/chronos-research.git
cd chronos-research
# Install dependencies
pip install -r requirements.txt
# Run performance analysis notebooks
jupyter notebook notebooks/performance_analysis.ipynb
# Generate benchmark visualizations
python scripts/generate_visualizations.py| Step | Action | Timeline |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Join Waitlist | Available Now |
| 2 | Beta Access | Q4 2025 |
| 3 | General Availability | Q1 2026 |
chronos-research/
βββ paper/ # Research paper (arXiv:2507.12482)
β βββ chronos-research.md # Full paper content
β βββ figures/ # All paper figures
β βββ tables/ # Performance data tables
βββ benchmarks/ # Evaluation frameworks
β βββ multi-random-retrieval/ # MRR benchmark suite
β βββ debug_categories/ # Bug taxonomy
β βββ evaluation_metrics/ # Metrics implementation
βββ results/ # Performance analysis
β βββ case_studies/ # Real debugging examples
β βββ ablation_studies/ # Component analysis
β βββ performance_tables/ # Detailed metrics
βββ architecture/ # System design docs
β βββ agr_retrieval.md # AGR algorithm details
β βββ memory_engine.md # Persistent memory design
β βββ debugging_loop.md # Autonomous loop
βββ evaluation/ # Testing methodology
βββ examples/ # Code examples
βββ docs/ # User documentation
βββ notebooks/ # Analysis notebooks
βββ scripts/ # Utility scripts
- 42.5M total debugging examples
- 15M GitHub issues with linked PRs and fixes
- 8M stack traces paired with resolutions
- 3M CI/CD logs from failed and fixed builds
- 2.5M production debugging sessions
- 14M examples from Defects4J, SWE-bench, BugsInPy
Performance by Retrieval Depth:
k=1 (Direct): 58.2% success
k=2 (Expanded): 72.4% success
k=3 (Deep): 71.8% success
k=adaptive: 87.1% success (dynamic depth selection)
Flat retrieval: 23.4% success
Token Distribution in Debugging:
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Input Tokens: ~3,600 (sparse)
Output Tokens: ~3,000 (dense)
Output Entropy Density: 47.2% (vs 12.8% for code completion)
- Cross-session learning improves success rate from 35% β 65% over time
- 7.3x token efficiency through intelligent memory
- Repository-specific pattern recognition
- Temporal code evolution tracking
| Language | Chronos | GPT-4 | Claude-3 | Gemini-1.5 | Test Suite |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Python | 68.7%Β±2.1% | 11.2%Β±2.8% | 10.3%Β±2.9% | 14.6%Β±2.6% | 1,823 bugs |
| JavaScript | 64.2%Β±2.3% | 7.8%Β±2.5% | 6.9%Β±2.6% | 10.1%Β±2.4% | 1,547 bugs |
| Java | 63.9%Β±2.2% | 6.3%Β±2.2% | 5.7%Β±2.3% | 9.2%Β±2.1% | 1,630 bugs |
| Go | 66.8%Β±2.4% | 9.1%Β±2.6% | 8.4%Β±2.7% | 12.3%Β±2.5% | 892 bugs |
| C++ | 61.2%Β±2.6% | 5.2%Β±2.1% | 4.8%Β±2.2% | 7.9%Β±2.0% | 1,108 bugs |
| Iteration | Chronos Success | GPT-4 Success | Time Reduction |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Attempt | 42.3% | 3.2% | -87% time |
| 2nd Attempt | 58.7% (+16.4%) | 5.1% (+1.9%) | -83% time |
| 3rd Attempt | 65.3% (+6.6%) | 6.8% (+1.7%) | -79% time |
| 4+ Attempts | 65.3% (converged) | 8.5% (+1.7%) | -74% time |
| Model | Context Size | Debug Success | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPT-4-32K | 32K tokens | 7.2% | More context β better debugging |
| Claude-3-200K | 200K tokens | 9.8% | Attention dilution at scale |
| Gemini-1.5-Pro-1M | 1M tokens | 14.3% | Best traditional model |
| Chronos | Unlimited* | 71.2% | *Via intelligent retrieval |
| Configuration | Debug Success | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| Full Chronos | 65.3% | Complete system |
| No Multi-Code Association | 35.8% | -45% performance |
| Static Memory Only | 40.1% | -39% performance |
| No Orchestration Loop | 42.5% | -35% performance |
| No AGR (Flat Retrieval) | 28.7% | -56% performance |
| Getting Started | Architecture | Benchmarks | API Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Quick start guide | System design details | Evaluation methodology | Future API documentation |
| Performance | Case Studies | FAQ | Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Detailed metrics | Real-world examples | Common questions | Known constraints |
We welcome contributions to the evaluation framework and benchmarks!
# Fork and clone
git clone https://github.com/[your-username]/chronos-research
cd chronos-research
# Create feature branch
git checkout -b feature/your-contribution
# Make changes and test
python -m pytest tests/
# Submit PR
git push origin feature/your-contributionSee CONTRIBUTING.md for detailed guidelines.
If you use this research in your work, please cite:
@article{khan2025chronos,
title={Kodezi Chronos: A Debugging-First Language Model for
Repository-Scale, Memory-Driven Code Understanding},
author={Khan, Ishraq and Chowdary, Assad and
Haseeb, Sharoz and Patel, Urvish},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2507.12482},
year={2025},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.12482}
}Kodezi is building the future of autonomous software maintenance. Our mission is to empower developers with AI that truly understands code at scale.
This research repository is licensed under the MIT License - see LICENSE for details.
Built with β€οΈ by the Kodezi Team