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🏢 Active Directory Lab

Server OS Client OS AD Virtualization


🔎 Overview

This project simulates an enterprise infrastructure environment using:

  • VirtualBox
  • Windows Server
  • Windows Client
  • Active Directory
  • Group-Based File Permissions
  • Network Isolation

It demonstrates practical implementation of:

  • Identity management
  • Domain authentication
  • File share security
  • Permission layering (Share vs NTFS)
  • Network troubleshooting

🎯 Objectives

  • Deploy a Domain Controller
  • Configure Active Directory
  • Create users and security groups
  • Implement secure file sharing
  • Join a client machine to the domain
  • Perform intentional break testing

🏗 Architecture

[ Windows Client ] │ │ Internal Network (CorpNet) │ [ Windows Server / Domain Controller ]

Network Configuration:

Internal Network Name: CorpNet


💻 Infrastructure Setup


🖥 Domain Controller Configuration

Property Value
OS Windows Server 2025
RAM 4GB
CPU 2 Cores
IP 192.168.50.10
Subnet 255.255.255.0
DNS Self-Hosted
Domain corp.local

Installed Roles

  • Active Directory Domain Services
  • DNS
  • File Services

📸 Screenshot – Domain Controller Setup


📸 Screenshot – Active Directory Configuration


🖥 Client Machine Configuration

Property Value
OS Windows 11
RAM 4GB
CPU 2 Cores
IP 192.168.50.20
DNS 192.168.50.10
Domain Joined Yes

📸 Screenshot – Client Domain Join


🔐 Active Directory Configuration

Organizational Unit

Employees


📸 Screenshot – OU Structure


Security Group

FileShare-Access


📸 Screenshot – Security Group Configuration


Test User

John.T

User Details:

  • Located in Employees OU
  • Member of FileShare-Access group
  • Domain authenticated

📁 File Share Configuration

Shared Folder

C:\SharedDocs

Share Name

SharedDocs

Permissions Applied

Share Permissions

  • Removed default “Everyone”
  • Granted access to FileShare-Access

NTFS Permissions

  • Granted Modify access to FileShare-Access

📸 Screenshot – File Share Permissions


📸 Screenshot – NTFS Permissions


✅ Validation Testing

From Client:

Test Network Connectivity

ping 192.168.50.10
Test File Share Access
\\192.168.50.10\SharedDocs

Expected Result:

Authentication successful

File creation allowed

File modification allowed

File deletion allowed

📸 Screenshot – Successful File Access

🚨 Break & Troubleshooting Scenarios

These scenarios simulate real-world infrastructure failures.

🔴 Scenario 1 – Permission Removal

Action:

Remove user from FileShare-Access group

Goal:

Observe authorization failure

📸 Screenshot – Broken Permission State

🔴 Scenario 2 – DNS Failure

Action:

Change client DNS to 8.8.8.8

Test:

Domain authentication

File access

Goal:

Demonstrate DNS dependency in AD

🔴 Scenario 3 – Network Failure

Action:

Disable client network adapter

Or modify network settings

Goal:

Observe connectivity failure behavior

📌 Skills Demonstrated

Active Directory Administration

Identity & Access Management

Domain Infrastructure Deployment

File Permission Management

Network Configuration

Troubleshooting Methodology

Enterprise Environment Simulation

👤 Author

Zachary Aspiring IT Infrastructure & Networking Professional

Project Version: 1.0

About

Hands-on simulation of enterprise identity and access management using Active Directory. Implements domain authentication, secure file permissions, and network troubleshooting in an isolated VirtualBox environment.

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