This project implements a distance measurement system using the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and ATmega32 Microcontroller.
The measured distance is displayed on a 4x16 LCD, providing a real-time, accurate reading of objects in centimeters.
The system is built with a layered architecture, including drivers for GPIO, ICU, LCD, and Ultrasonic Sensor, making it modular and easy to understand for embedded systems learners.
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Ultrasonic Distance Measurement:
- Uses HC-SR04 sensor to measure distances in centimeters.
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LCD Display:
- Shows the measured distance on a 4x16 LCD.
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ATmega32 Microcontroller:
- Runs at a clock frequency of 8 MHz.
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Layered Architecture:
- Modular design with separate drivers for GPIO, ICU, LCD, and Ultrasonic Sensor.
The system is organized using a layered driver-based approach:
- GPIO Driver: Manages input/output pins for LCD and ultrasonic sensor.
- ICU Driver: Measures pulse duration from the HC-SR04 using the Input Capture Unit.
- LCD Driver: Controls communication and updates the 4x16 LCD display.
- Ultrasonic Sensor Driver: Triggers the sensor and processes echo signals to calculate distance.
- The HC-SR04 sensor is triggered by sending a pulse to the Trigger Pin.
- The sensor emits a sound pulse and waits for the echo to return.
- The ICU measures the time taken for the echo to return.
- The time is converted to distance in centimeters.
- The measured distance is displayed on the 4x16 LCD.
The Ultrasonic Sensor Driver includes:
Ultrasonic_init()→ Initializes the ICU and trigger pin.Ultrasonic_Trigger()→ Sends a trigger pulse to the HC-SR04.Ultrasonic_readDistance()→ Sends the trigger pulse and reads the distance.Ultrasonic_edgeProcessing()→ Callback function for ICU to process echo and calculate pulse width.
Watch the simulation on LinkedIn:
Distance Measuring System Simulation Video
- ATmega32 Microcontroller
- HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
- 4x16 LCD
- GPIO Pins
- ICU for pulse detection
- C programming language for firmware