use errrors.New instead of empty fmt.Errorf

XDCxlending/lendingstate/lendingcontract.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package lendingstate
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 	"math/big"
 
 	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/XDCx/tradingstate"
@@ -273,10 +273,10 @@ func GetAllLendingBooks(statedb *state.StateDB) (mapLendingBook map[common.Hash]
 	baseTokens := GetSupportedBaseToken(statedb)
 	terms := GetSupportedTerms(statedb)
 	if len(baseTokens) == 0 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("GetAllLendingBooks: empty baseToken list")
+		return nil, errors.New("GetAllLendingBooks: empty baseToken list")
 	}
 	if len(terms) == 0 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("GetAllLendingPairs: empty term list")
+		return nil, errors.New("GetAllLendingPairs: empty term list")
 	}
 	for _, baseToken := range baseTokens {
 		for _, term := range terms {
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@ func GetAllLendingPairs(statedb *state.StateDB) (allPairs []LendingPair, err err
 	baseTokens := GetSupportedBaseToken(statedb)
 	collaterals := GetAllCollateral(statedb)
 	if len(baseTokens) == 0 {
-		return allPairs, fmt.Errorf("GetAllLendingPairs: empty baseToken list")
+		return allPairs, errors.New("GetAllLendingPairs: empty baseToken list")
 	}
 	if len(collaterals) == 0 {
-		return allPairs, fmt.Errorf("GetAllLendingPairs: empty collateral list")
+		return allPairs, errors.New("GetAllLendingPairs: empty collateral list")
 	}
 	for _, baseToken := range baseTokens {
 		for _, collateral := range collaterals {

XDCxlending/lendingstate/lendingitem.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package lendingstate
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"strconv"
@@ -359,7 +360,7 @@ func (l *LendingItem) VerifyLendingSignature() error {
 	tx.ImportSignature(V, R, S)
 	from, _ := types.LendingSender(types.LendingTxSigner{}, tx)
 	if from != tx.UserAddress() {
-		return fmt.Errorf("verify lending item: invalid signature")
+		return errors.New("verify lending item: invalid signature")
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -473,10 +474,10 @@ func VerifyBalance(isXDCXLendingFork bool, statedb *state.StateDB, lendingStateD
 			}
 			return nil
 		default:
-			return fmt.Errorf("VerifyBalance: unknown lending side")
+			return errors.New("VerifyBalance: unknown lending side")
 		}
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("VerifyBalance: unknown lending type")
+		return errors.New("VerifyBalance: unknown lending type")
 	}
 	return nil
 }

XDCxlending/order_processor.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package XDCxlending
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 
@@ -264,7 +265,7 @@ func (l *Lending) processOrderList(header *types.Header, coinbase common.Address
 			borrowFee = lendingstate.GetFee(statedb, oldestOrder.Relayer)
 		}
 		if collateralToken.IsZero() {
-			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("empty collateral")
+			return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("empty collateral")
 		}
 		depositRate, liquidationRate, recallRate := lendingstate.GetCollateralDetail(statedb, collateralToken)
 		if depositRate == nil || depositRate.Sign() <= 0 {
@@ -282,10 +283,10 @@ func (l *Lending) processOrderList(header *types.Header, coinbase common.Address
 			return nil, nil, nil, err
 		}
 		if lendTokenXDCPrice == nil || lendTokenXDCPrice.Sign() <= 0 {
-			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid lendToken price")
+			return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("invalid lendToken price")
 		}
 		if collateralPrice == nil || collateralPrice.Sign() <= 0 {
-			return nil, nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid collateral price")
+			return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("invalid collateral price")
 		}
 		tradedQuantity, collateralLockedAmount, rejectMaker, settleBalanceResult, err := l.getLendQuantity(lendTokenXDCPrice, collateralPrice, depositRate, borrowFee, coinbase, chain, header, statedb, order, &oldestOrder, maxTradedQuantity)
 		if err != nil && err == lendingstate.ErrQuantityTradeTooSmall && tradedQuantity != nil && tradedQuantity.Sign() >= 0 {

accounts/abi/abi.go

@@ -79,19 +79,19 @@ func (abi ABI) Pack(name string, args ...interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
 // Unpack output in v according to the abi specification
 func (abi ABI) Unpack(v interface{}, name string, output []byte) (err error) {
 	if len(output) == 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("abi: unmarshalling empty output")
+		return errors.New("abi: unmarshalling empty output")
 	}
 	// since there can't be naming collisions with contracts and events,
 	// we need to decide whether we're calling a method or an event
 	if method, ok := abi.Methods[name]; ok {
 		if len(output)%32 != 0 {
-			return fmt.Errorf("abi: improperly formatted output")
+			return errors.New("abi: improperly formatted output")
 		}
 		return method.Outputs.Unpack(v, output)
 	} else if event, ok := abi.Events[name]; ok {
 		return event.Inputs.Unpack(v, output)
 	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("abi: could not locate named method or event")
+	return errors.New("abi: could not locate named method or event")
 }
 
 // UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler interface

accounts/abi/bind/base.go

@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ func (c *BoundContract) UnpackLog(out interface{}, event string, log types.Log)
 		return errNoEventSignature
 	}
 	if log.Topics[0] != c.abi.Events[event].Id() {
-		return fmt.Errorf("event signature mismatch")
+		return errors.New("event signature mismatch")
 	}
 	if len(log.Data) > 0 {
 		if err := c.abi.Unpack(out, event, log.Data); err != nil {

accounts/abi/bind/util.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ package bind
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/XinFinOrg/XDPoSChain/common"
@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ func WaitMined(ctx context.Context, b DeployBackend, tx *types.Transaction) (*ty
 // contract address when it is mined. It stops waiting when ctx is canceled.
 func WaitDeployed(ctx context.Context, b DeployBackend, tx *types.Transaction) (common.Address, error) {
 	if tx.To() != nil {
-		return common.Address{}, fmt.Errorf("tx is not contract creation")
+		return common.Address{}, errors.New("tx is not contract creation")
 	}
 	receipt, err := WaitMined(ctx, b, tx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Address{}, err
 	}
 	if receipt.ContractAddress == (common.Address{}) {
-		return common.Address{}, fmt.Errorf("zero address")
+		return common.Address{}, errors.New("zero address")
 	}
 	// Check that code has indeed been deployed at the address.
 	// This matters on pre-Homestead chains: OOG in the constructor

accounts/abi/reflect.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package abi
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 )
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ func requireUniqueStructFieldNames(args Arguments) error {
 	for _, arg := range args {
 		field := capitalise(arg.Name)
 		if field == "" {
-			return fmt.Errorf("abi: purely underscored output cannot unpack to struct")
+			return errors.New("abi: purely underscored output cannot unpack to struct")
 		}
 		if exists[field] {
 			return fmt.Errorf("abi: multiple outputs mapping to the same struct field '%s'", field)

accounts/abi/type.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package abi
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"regexp"
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ var (
 func NewType(t string) (typ Type, err error) {
 	// check that array brackets are equal if they exist
 	if strings.Count(t, "[") != strings.Count(t, "]") {
-		return Type{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid arg type in abi")
+		return Type{}, errors.New("invalid arg type in abi")
 	}
 
 	typ.stringKind = t
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ func NewType(t string) (typ Type, err error) {
 			}
 			typ.Type = reflect.ArrayOf(typ.Size, embeddedType.Type)
 		} else {
-			return Type{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid formatting of array type")
+			return Type{}, errors.New("invalid formatting of array type")
 		}
 		return typ, err
 	}

accounts/abi/unpack.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ package abi
 
 import (
 	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"reflect"
@@ -70,7 +71,7 @@ func readBool(word []byte) (bool, error) {
 // This enforces that standard by always presenting it as a 24-array (address + sig = 24 bytes)
 func readFunctionType(t Type, word []byte) (funcTy [24]byte, err error) {
 	if t.T != FunctionTy {
-		return [24]byte{}, fmt.Errorf("abi: invalid type in call to make function type byte array")
+		return [24]byte{}, errors.New("abi: invalid type in call to make function type byte array")
 	}
 	if garbage := binary.BigEndian.Uint64(word[24:32]); garbage != 0 {
 		err = fmt.Errorf("abi: got improperly encoded function type, got %v", word)
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ func readFunctionType(t Type, word []byte) (funcTy [24]byte, err error) {
 // through reflection, creates a fixed array to be read from
 func readFixedBytes(t Type, word []byte) (interface{}, error) {
 	if t.T != FixedBytesTy {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("abi: invalid type in call to make fixed byte array")
+		return nil, errors.New("abi: invalid type in call to make fixed byte array")
 	}
 	// convert
 	array := reflect.New(t.Type).Elem()
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ func forEachUnpack(t Type, output []byte, start, size int) (interface{}, error)
 		// declare our array
 		refSlice = reflect.New(t.Type).Elem()
 	} else {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("abi: invalid type in array/slice unpacking stage")
+		return nil, errors.New("abi: invalid type in array/slice unpacking stage")
 	}
 
 	// Arrays have packed elements, resulting in longer unpack steps.

accounts/keystore/account_cache_test.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package keystore
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
 	"os"
@@ -305,7 +306,7 @@ func waitForAccounts(wantAccounts []accounts.Account, ks *KeyStore) error {
 			select {
 			case <-ks.changes:
 			default:
-				return fmt.Errorf("wasn't notified of new accounts")
+				return errors.New("wasn't notified of new accounts")
 			}
 			return nil
 		}

accounts/keystore/keystore.go

@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"crypto/ecdsa"
 	crand "crypto/rand"
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -455,7 +454,7 @@ func (ks *KeyStore) Import(keyJSON []byte, passphrase, newPassphrase string) (ac
 func (ks *KeyStore) ImportECDSA(priv *ecdsa.PrivateKey, passphrase string) (accounts.Account, error) {
 	key := newKeyFromECDSA(priv)
 	if ks.cache.hasAddress(key.Address) {
-		return accounts.Account{}, fmt.Errorf("account already exists")
+		return accounts.Account{}, errors.New("account already exists")
 	}
 	return ks.importKey(key, passphrase)
 }

bmt/bmt_test.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package bmt
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	crand "crypto/rand"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"hash"
 	"io"
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ func TestHasherConcurrency(t *testing.T) {
 	var err error
 	select {
 	case <-time.NewTimer(5 * time.Second).C:
-		err = fmt.Errorf("timed out")
+		err = errors.New("timed out")
 	case err = <-errc:
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@ func testHasherCorrectness(bmt hash.Hash, hasher BaseHasher, d []byte, n, count
 	}()
 	select {
 	case <-timeout.C:
-		err = fmt.Errorf("BMT hash calculation timed out")
+		err = errors.New("BMT hash calculation timed out")
 	case err = <-c:
 	}
 	return err

cmd/utils/cmd.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package utils
 
 import (
 	"compress/gzip"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ func ImportChain(chain *core.BlockChain, fn string) error {
 	for batch := 0; ; batch++ {
 		// Load a batch of RLP blocks.
 		if checkInterrupt() {
-			return fmt.Errorf("interrupted")
+			return errors.New("interrupted")
 		}
 		i := 0
 		for ; i < importBatchSize; i++ {
@@ -153,7 +154,7 @@ func ImportChain(chain *core.BlockChain, fn string) error {
 		}
 		// Import the batch.
 		if checkInterrupt() {
-			return fmt.Errorf("interrupted")
+			return errors.New("interrupted")
 		}
 		missing := missingBlocks(chain, blocks[:i])
 		if len(missing) == 0 {

common/countdown/countdown_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package countdown
 
 import (
-	"fmt"
+	"errors"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func TestCountdownShouldResetEvenIfErrored(t *testing.T) {
 	called := make(chan int)
 	OnTimeoutFn := func(time.Time, interface{}) error {
 		called <- 1
-		return fmt.Errorf("ERROR!")
+		return errors.New("ERROR!")
 	}
 
 	countdown := NewCountDown(5000 * time.Millisecond)

consensus/XDPoS/XDPoS.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package XDPoS
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/big"
 
@@ -438,7 +439,7 @@ func (x *XDPoS) CalculateMissingRounds(chain consensus.ChainReader, header *type
 	case params.ConsensusEngineVersion2:
 		return x.EngineV2.CalculateMissingRounds(chain, header)
 	default: // Default "v1"
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Not supported in the v1 consensus")
+		return nil, errors.New("Not supported in the v1 consensus")
 	}
 }
 

consensus/XDPoS/engines/engine_v1/engine.go

@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ func (x *XDPoS_v1) GetValidator(creator common.Address, chain consensus.ChainRea
 		if no%epoch == 0 {
 			cpHeader = header
 		} else {
-			return common.Address{}, fmt.Errorf("couldn't find checkpoint header")
+			return common.Address{}, errors.New("couldn't find checkpoint header")
 		}
 	}
 	m, err := getM1M2FromCheckpointHeader(cpHeader, header, chain.Config())