`Badge`: Add property to toggle truncation

[jameskoster]

This came up while trying to tackle #68020.

The anchor 'badge' in List View is truncated to prevent it from taking over the entire row:

In order to replace this ad hoc element with the Badge component, it would need to be updated to support truncation.

The Text component already supports truncation, so perhaps this is just a case of utilising Text inside Badge, and providing a way to pass the truncate property down to Text.

cc @WordPress/gutenberg-components

[mirka]

There are some issues with the Truncate API, so I'm considering adding direct truncation handling by default whenever there's an explicit width restriction on the Badge: #68107.

I am assuming we never want multi-line badges. Let me know if you can think of use cases if this kind of auto-truncation would not work.

[jameskoster]

Now that you mention it, forcing truncation to avoid multi-line badges is probably a good guardrail to avoid misuse :) Min/max-width's may also be worth considering.

[tyxla]

I agree, and now that we have just created this component, it is a good time to impose that limitation.