🌱 Smart Agriculture for Efficient Cultivation in Hilly Regions

SIH 25062 – Team Project

📖 Overview

This project implements an IoT‑based Smart Agriculture system designed to optimize cultivation in hilly regions. Using NodeMCU (ESP8266), the system monitors environmental conditions and automates irrigation. Data is uploaded to Firebase Realtime Database, enabling farmers to view live conditions and control sprinklers remotely via a mobile app.

The solution ensures efficient water usage, reduces manual intervention, and supports sustainable farming practices in challenging terrains.

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⚙️ Features

• Weather monitoring: Real‑time temperature and humidity readings using DHT11 sensor.
• Soil moisture sensing: Analog soil moisture sensor tracks soil hydration levels.
• Automated irrigation: Relay‑controlled water pump activates when soil moisture drops below threshold.
• Cloud integration: Sensor data uploaded to Firebase for remote access.
• Mobile app control: Farmers can monitor conditions and manually control sprinklers via companion app.
• OLED display feedback: SH1106 OLED shows live sensor data, WiFi/Firebase status, and pump state.
• Multi‑WiFi support: ESP8266WiFiMulti ensures reliable connectivity across multiple networks.

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🛠️ Hardware Components

• NodeMCU ESP8266 – Core microcontroller with WiFi.
• DHT11 sensor – Measures temperature and humidity.
• Soil moisture sensor – Detects soil hydration levels.
• Relay module – Controls water pump/sprinkler system.
• SH1106 OLED display – Displays system status and sensor data.
• Water pump & sprinklers – Automated irrigation hardware.

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🧑‍💻 Software & Libraries

• ESP8266WiFi / ESP8266WiFiMulti – WiFi connectivity.
• Firebase ESP Client – Firebase Realtime Database integration.
• DHT library – Sensor data acquisition.
• Adafruit GFX & SH110X – OLED display rendering.

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🔄 System Workflow

1. Sensor data collection: DHT11 and soil moisture sensor read values every second.
2. Relay control: Pump turns ON when soil moisture < threshold, OFF when moisture > threshold.
3. Data upload: Temperature, humidity, soil moisture, and pump status sent to Firebase every 5 seconds.
4. Mobile app interface: Farmers view live data and control sprinklers remotely.
5. OLED feedback: Local display shows sensor readings, WiFi/Firebase status, and pump activity.

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📊 Firebase Data Structure

/devices/nodemcu1/
    ├── temperature: <float>
    ├── humidity: <float>
    ├── soilMoisture: <int>
    ├── soilMoistureRaw: <int>
    ├── relayStatus: <bool>

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🚀 Setup Instructions

1. Hardware assembly: Connect DHT11, soil moisture sensor, relay, and OLED to NodeMCU.
2. Firebase setup: Create a Firebase project, enable Realtime Database, and obtain API key & database URL.
3. Code upload: Flash the provided Arduino sketch to NodeMCU via Arduino IDE.
4. WiFi configuration: Update WiFi credentials in code (wifiMulti.addAP).
5. App integration: Connect mobile app to Firebase for live monitoring and control.

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📌 Project Resources

• 📱 App Release (GitHub)
• 🎥 Demo Video (YouTube)
• 🌐 Landing Page

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🖼️ Project Images

📱 Android App Screenshot

🔌 Connection Diagram (Made using Fritzing)

🖥️ OLED Screen Display Sample

⚙️ PCB Assembly (Built Project)

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🌍 Impact

This system addresses water scarcity and manual labor challenges in hilly agriculture by:

• Automating irrigation based on soil conditions.
• Providing real‑time insights into weather and soil health.
• Enabling remote control of sprinklers via mobile app.
• Supporting sustainable farming practices in difficult terrains.