BREAKING CHANGE: Make Literal more standards compliant

rdflib/plugins/parsers/notation3.py

@@ -1506,7 +1506,7 @@ def object(
 
                 j, s = self.strconst(argstr, i, delim)
 
-                res.append(self._store.newLiteral(s))  # type: ignore[call-arg] # TODO FIXME
+                res.append(Literal(s))
                 return j
             else:
                 return -1
@@ -1570,11 +1570,14 @@ def nodeOrLiteral(self, argstr: str, i: int, res: MutableSequence[Any]) -> int:
                     i = m.end()
                     lang = argstr[j + 1 : i]
                     j = i
-                if argstr[j : j + 2] == "^^":
+                    res.append(Literal(s, lang=lang))
+                elif argstr[j : j + 2] == "^^":
                     res2: typing.List[Any] = []
                     j = self.uri_ref2(argstr, j + 2, res2)  # Read datatype URI
                     dt = res2[0]
-                res.append(self._store.newLiteral(s, dt, lang))
+                    res.append(Literal(s, datatype=dt))
+                else:
+                    res.append(Literal(s))
                 return j
             else:
                 return -1
@@ -1852,12 +1855,6 @@ def newBlankNode(
             bn = BNode(str(arg[0]).split("#").pop().replace("_", "b"))
         return bn
 
-    def newLiteral(self, s: str, dt: Optional[URIRef], lang: Optional[str]) -> Literal:
-        if dt:
-            return Literal(s, datatype=dt)
-        else:
-            return Literal(s, lang=lang)
-
     def newList(self, n: typing.List[Any], f: Optional[Formula]) -> IdentifiedNode:
         nil = self.newSymbol("http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil")
         if not n:

rdflib/plugins/parsers/ntriples.py

@@ -316,18 +316,17 @@ def nodeid(
 
     def literal(self) -> Union["te.Literal[False]", Literal]:
         if self.peek('"'):
-            lit, lang, dtype = self.eat(r_literal).groups()
-            if lang:
+            lit, lang, dtype = self.eat(r_literal).groups(default=None)
+            if TYPE_CHECKING:
+                # The pattern does not allow lit to be none.
+                assert lit is not None
+            if lang is not None:
                 lang = lang
-            else:
-                lang = None
-            if dtype:
+            if dtype is not None:
                 dtype = unquote(dtype)
                 dtype = uriquote(dtype)
                 dtype = URI(dtype)
-            else:
-                dtype = None
-            if lang and dtype:
+            if lang is not None and dtype is not None:
                 raise ParseError("Can't have both a language and a datatype")
             lit = unquote(lit)
             return Literal(lit, lang, dtype)

rdflib/plugins/parsers/trig.py

@@ -98,6 +98,9 @@ def graph(self, argstr: str, i: int) -> int:
 
         j = i + 1
 
+        if self._context is not None:
+            self.BadSyntax(argstr, i, "Nested graphs are not allowed")
+
         oldParentContext = self._parentContext
         self._parentContext = self._context
         reason2 = self._reason2

rdflib/plugins/sparql/aggregates.py

@@ -140,7 +140,9 @@ def update(self, row: FrozenBindings, aggregator: "Aggregator") -> None:
             pass
 
     def get_value(self) -> Literal:
-        return Literal(self.value, datatype=self.datatype)
+        return Literal(
+            self.value, datatype=XSD.integer if self.datatype is None else self.datatype
+        )
 
 
 class Average(Accumulator):

rdflib/plugins/sparql/operators.py

@@ -290,18 +290,18 @@ def Builtin_CONCAT(expr: Expr, ctx) -> Literal:
 
     # dt/lang passed on only if they all match
 
-    dt = set(x.datatype for x in expr.arg if isinstance(x, Literal))
-    # type error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "Optional[str]", variable has type "Set[Optional[str]]")
-    dt = dt.pop() if len(dt) == 1 else None  # type: ignore[assignment]
-
-    lang = set(x.language for x in expr.arg if isinstance(x, Literal))
-    # type error: error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "Optional[str]", variable has type "Set[Optional[str]]")
-    lang = lang.pop() if len(lang) == 1 else None  # type: ignore[assignment]
-
-    # NOTE on type errors: this is because same variable is used for two incompatibel types
-    # type error: Argument "datatype" to "Literal" has incompatible type "Set[Any]"; expected "Optional[str]"  [arg-type]
-    # type error: Argument "lang" to "Literal" has incompatible type "Set[Any]"; expected "Optional[str]"
-    return Literal("".join(string(x) for x in expr.arg), datatype=dt, lang=lang)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
+    args = [x for x in expr.arg if isinstance(x, Literal)]
+
+    if not args:
+        return Literal("")
+
+    dt_set = set(x.datatype for x in args)
+    dt = dt_set.pop()
+
+    lang_set = set(x.language for x in args)
+    lang = lang_set.pop()
+
+    return Literal("".join(string(x) for x in expr.arg), datatype=dt, lang=lang)
 
 
 def _compatibleStrings(a: Literal, b: Literal) -> None:

rdflib/plugins/sparql/parser.py

@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@
 
 import re
 import sys
-from typing import Any, BinaryIO, List
-from typing import Optional as OptionalType
-from typing import TextIO, Tuple, Union
+from typing import Any, BinaryIO, List, TextIO, Tuple, Union
 
 from pyparsing import CaselessKeyword as Keyword  # watch out :)
 from pyparsing import (
@@ -45,11 +43,11 @@ def neg(literal: rdflib.Literal) -> rdflib.Literal:
     return rdflib.Literal(-literal, datatype=literal.datatype)
 
 
-def setLanguage(terms: Tuple[Any, OptionalType[str]]) -> rdflib.Literal:
+def setLanguage(terms: Tuple[Any, str]) -> rdflib.Literal:
     return rdflib.Literal(terms[0], lang=terms[1])
 
 
-def setDataType(terms: Tuple[Any, OptionalType[str]]) -> rdflib.Literal:
+def setDataType(terms: Tuple[Any, str]) -> rdflib.Literal:
     return rdflib.Literal(terms[0], datatype=terms[1])
 
 

rdflib/plugins/sparql/results/jsonresults.py

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import json
 from typing import IO, Any, Dict, Mapping, MutableSequence, Optional
 
+from rdflib.namespace import XSD
 from rdflib.query import Result, ResultException, ResultParser, ResultSerializer
 from rdflib.term import BNode, Identifier, Literal, URIRef, Variable
 
@@ -101,7 +102,9 @@ def parseJsonTerm(d: Dict[str, str]) -> Identifier:
     if t == "uri":
         return URIRef(d["value"])
     elif t == "literal":
-        return Literal(d["value"], datatype=d.get("datatype"), lang=d.get("xml:lang"))
+        return Literal(
+            d["value"], datatype=d.get("datatype", XSD.string), lang=d.get("xml:lang")
+        )
     elif t == "typed-literal":
         return Literal(d["value"], datatype=URIRef(d["datatype"]))
     elif t == "bnode":

rdflib/plugins/sparql/results/xmlresults.py

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 from xml.sax.saxutils import XMLGenerator
 from xml.sax.xmlreader import AttributesNSImpl
 
+from rdflib.namespace import XSD
 from rdflib.query import Result, ResultException, ResultParser, ResultSerializer
 from rdflib.term import BNode, Identifier, Literal, URIRef, Variable
 
@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ def parseTerm(element: xml_etree.Element) -> Union[URIRef, Literal, BNode]:
     if tag == RESULTS_NS_ET + "literal":
         if text is None:
             text = ""
-        datatype = None
+        datatype = XSD.string
         lang = None
         if element.get("datatype", None):
             # type error: Argument 1 to "URIRef" has incompatible type "Optional[str]"; expected "str"