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jstac committed Apr 19, 2024
commit a4ca83e1ae96f0c5c7a6a2dac6fa23da65592616
12 changes: 8 additions & 4 deletions lectures/heavy_tails.md
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## Overview

Studying heavy-tailed distributions is essential for accurately comprehending real-world phenomena.
Heavy-tailed distributions are a class of distributions that generate "extreme" outcomes.

Unlike standard Gaussian distributions, heavy-tailed distributions account for extreme events with greater probabilities.
In the natural sciences (and in more traditional economics courses), heavy-tailed distributions are seen as quite exotic and non-standard.

This understanding is crucial in analyzing wealth, firm size, and city size distributions, as well as other areas such as business cycles and political economy.
However, it turns out that heavy-tailed distributions play a crucial role in economics.

In fact many -- if not most -- of the important distributions in economics are heavy tailed.

In this lecture we explain what heavy tails are and why they are -- or at least
why they should be -- central to economic analysis.

In this section we give some motivation for the lecture.

### Introduction: light tails

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