Self-Heal Framework (SeleniumWire + Python)

Overview

This repository contains a custom Selenium automation framework with a basic self‑healing mechanism, built using Python + Pytest.

The main goal of this project is to explore how modern automation tools handle locator failures and to implement a lightweight, transparent self‑healing approach without relying on commercial tools.

This is not a wrapper around Selenium and not a toy project. It focuses on:

• Practical locator recovery
• Maintainable structure
• Clear separation of responsibilities

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Why Self‑Healing?

In real projects, UI tests fail frequently due to:

• Minor DOM changes
• Updated attributes (id, name, xpath)
• UI refactoring without functional changes

Instead of immediately failing the test, this framework:

1. Tries the primary locator
2. Falls back to alternative locators
3. Updates the locator source automatically (if enabled)

This reduces flaky failures and improves test stability.

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Key Features

• JSON‑based locator management (primary + fallback)
• Centralized self‑healing engine
• Automatic fallback resolution
• Custom logging (no print statements)
• Pytest‑based execution
• Page‑Object‑Model friendly structure

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Project Structure

Self_Heal_Framework/
│
├── core/
│   ├── self_healing_engine.py   # Core healing logic
│   └── smart_locator.py         # Locator resolution & fallback handling
│
├── network_utils/
│   └──network_utility.py        # Capture and format the APi during the execution
│
├── utils/
│   ├── json_operations.py       # JSON read/write utilities
│   └── logger.py                # Custom logging configuration
│
├── locators/
│   └── login_page.json          # Primary + fallback locators
│
├── tests/
│   └── test_login.py            # Sample test cases
│
├── conftest.py                  # Pytest setup
├── requirements.txt
└── README.md

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Locator Strategy (JSON Driven)

Each element is defined with:

• One primary locator
• One or more fallback locators

Example:

{
  "username": {
    "primary": {"type": "id", "value": "user-name"},
    "fallback": [
      {"type": "xpath", "value": "//input[@name='user-name']"},
      {"type": "css", "value": "input[data-test='username']"}
    ]
  }
}

The framework always prefers the primary locator and switches to fallback only on failure.

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How Self‑Healing Works (High Level)

1. Test requests an element by logical name (not Selenium locator)

2. Smart Locator fetches primary + fallback locators from JSON

3. Self‑Healing Engine tries each locator in order

4. On success:

   • Element is returned
   • (Optional) locator source is updated

5. On failure:

   • Clear error with logging context

This keeps test scripts clean and readable.

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How to Run

Prerequisites

• Python 3.9+
• Chrome browser
• ChromeDriver (compatible version)

Setup

---

pip install -r requirements.txt

Execute Tests

pytest -v

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Logging

• Uses Python logging module
• Logs locator attempts and healing decisions
• Designed to integrate with reporting tools (Allure planned)

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Network Utilities

Captures and filters backend API calls during UI execution. Used by self-heal logic to distinguish UI vs backend failures.

Current Status

• Core self‑healing logic implemented
• JSON‑based locator strategy complete
• Sample test cases added
• Reporting integration planned

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Disclaimer

This project is built as a learning‑focused engineering exercise, inspired by tools like Testim, Mabl, and Healenium.

The intention is to understand the mechanics behind self‑healing, not to replace enterprise‑grade tools.

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Author

Prasad Helaskar
Automation Engineer | Python | Selenium | Pytest

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Future Enhancements

• Locator reliability scoring
• Healing confidence threshold
• Allure reporting integration
• Parallel execution support

Note

This framework is actively evolving. Test coverage and locator strategies are being expanded incrementally to reflect real-world automation practices.