Fix the issue with adjoint-jacobian of adjoint ops

[maliasadi]

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Context:
The Adjoint-Jacobian of adjoint operations in Lightning is incorrectly returning 0 if we don't decompose them. This issue stems from the ops serialization logic in Python, which mistakenly assumes inverse = False for all operations. This PR fixes the issue so that we can add Adjoint(op) for all supported op to the frozenset of devices operations that will also fix the blocker for merging PR #988.

import pennylane as qml

dev = qml.device("lightning.qubit", wires=2)

@qml.qnode(dev, diff_method="adjoint")
def circuit(params):
    qml.adjoint(qml.RX(params[0], wires=[0]))
    qml.adjoint(qml.RY(params[0], wires=[0]))
    qml.adjoint(qml.RZ(params[0], wires=[0]))
    qml.adjoint(qml.SingleExcitation(params[0], wires=[0, 1]))
    return qml.expval(qml.Z(0))

params = qml.numpy.array([0.123])
qml.jacobian(circuit)(params)

Description of the Change:

Benefits:

Possible Drawbacks:

Related GitHub Issues:
[sc-78336]

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 95.85%. Comparing base (d473c61) to head (83401e2).
Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #996      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   97.76%   95.85%   -1.92%     
==========================================
  Files         231      231              
  Lines       36707    36190     -517     
==========================================
- Hits        35886    34689    -1197     
- Misses        821     1501     +680     

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---

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[maliasadi]

LGTM! @astralcai could you check your PR against the latest changes?

[AmintorDusko]

Looks good! Thanks!

[astralcai]

Looks good! Thank you for fixing this!

[maliasadi]

LGTM! Thanks @josephleekl for completing the PR 🙌