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Merge pull request CyC2018#555 from seventheluck/master
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add polymorphism examples
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CyC2018 authored Feb 16, 2019
2 parents 922f55a + fc3c2e2 commit 8e27953
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61 changes: 61 additions & 0 deletions docs/notes/Java 基础.md
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Expand Up @@ -676,6 +676,67 @@ SuperExtendExample.func()

应该注意的是,返回值不同,其它都相同不算是重载。

**3. 重写与重载的例子**

类定义如下:
```java
class A{
public String show(D obj){
return ("A and D");
}
public String show(A obj){

return ("A and A");
}
}

class B extends A{
public String show(B obj){
return ("B and B");
}
public String show(A obj){
return ("B and A");
}
}
class C extends B{}
class D extends B{}
```

main方法如下:

```java
A a1 = new A();
A a2 = new B();
B b = new B();
C c = new C();
D d = new D();
System.out.println(a1.show(b));
System.out.println(a1.show(c));
System.out.println(a1.show(d));
System.out.println(a2.show(b));
System.out.println(a2.show(c));
System.out.println(a2.show(d));
System.out.println(b.show(b));
System.out.println(b.show(c));
System.out.println(b.show(d));
```

请问输出是什么?

实际上这里涉及方法调用的优先级问题 ,优先级由高到低依次为:this.show(O)、super.show(O)、this.show((super)O)、super.show((super)O)。

以a2.show(b)为例,a2是一个引用变量,类型为A,则this为a2,b是B的一个实例,于是它到类A里面找show(B obj)方法,没有找到,于是到A的super(超类)找,而A没有超类,因此转到第三优先级this.show((super)O),this仍然是a2,这里O为B,(super)O即(super)B即A,因此它到类A里面找show(A obj)的方法,类A有这个方法,但是由于a2引用的是类B的一个对象,B覆盖了A的show(A obj)方法,因此最终锁定到类B的show(A obj),输出为"B and A”。

所以答案分别是:
- A and A
- A and A
- A and D
- B and A
- B and A
- A and D
- B and B
- B and B
- A and D
# 五、Object 通用方法

## 概览
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