OiScript _{v0.9.7 [indev]}

Table of Contents:

• About
• Syntax
  • Literals
  • Operators
• Oi Types
  • number
  • string
  • OiObject
• Built-in modules:
  • std
  • math
• API
  • Single expressions
  • Scripting
  • Custom library

About:

Simple dynamic-typed scripting engine and language with Python-like syntax for use in Java applications.

Engine works natively with java interfaces:

• Collection
• Iterable

Syntax:

Literals:

str:

"text"

raw string (without string-escapes):

`some regex`

example of regex with raw string:

print("Some any *random text*".replace(`\*(.*)\*`, "<cite>$1</cite>"))

Output:
Some any <cite>random text</cite>

other example:

print(`before \n after`)

Output:
before \n after

Hello-world:

print("Hello, World!")

Collections, strings, ranges length:

via property (preferred):

print("text".len)

via function:

print(len("text"))

Ranges:

r = 2000 to 2023
print(r.len) # output: 24
print(r.fit(0.5)) # output: 2011.5
print(r.unfit(1977)) # output -1.0
for i : r:
    print(r) # output all integers from 2000 to 2023 inclusive

IN operator:

if answer in ["yes", "y"]:
    print("confirmed")

rng = 0 to width-1
if x in rng:
  ...

While-loop (nothing special here):

while condition:
    do something

For-each loop:

for i : some_iterable:
    print(i)

example:

for i : 10:
    print(i) # output numbers from 0 to 9

example #2:

for i : 10 to 100:
    print(i)

C-like loop:

for i=5; i>=0; i-=1:
    print(i)
    
# output:
5
4
3
2
1
0

Functions:

func sum(values):
    result = 0
    for value : values:
        result += value
    return result

Anonymous functions:

sum = func(values):
    result = 0
    for value : values:
        result += value
    return result

also onelined functions:

a = (func(a, b): return a + b)(50, 43)
print(a) # output: 93

(syntax will be compacted in future versions)

Language keywords list

syntax:

and break continue elif else for func in is not or proc 
return to while pass do skip wait and or

types:

int float str bool vector map

values:

none true false nan

Operators:

Binary operators:

Arithmetic:

• + - addition
• - - substraction
• * - multiplication
• / - floating-point division
• % - modulus
• // - integer division
• ** - exponentation

Comparsion:

• < - less than
• > - greather than
• == - equals
• != - not equals
• <= - less or equal
• >= - greather or equal

Bitwise:

• & - bitwise AND
• | - bitwise OR
• << - bitwise shift left
• >> - bitwise shift right with sign extension
• >>> - bitwise shift right with zero extension

Unary operators:

• - - negate

• not - logic NOT

• ~ - bitwise inversion

  example: ~1 & 0xFF -> 254

Oi types:

number:

Java Integer/Long and Float/Double types combined.

string:

Java String

Python-like slices are supported:

print("example"[2:])
print("text"[::-1])
print("timer"[2:4])
print("information.txt"[:-4])

Output:
ample
txet
me
information

string.join(iterable):

print(", ".join(1 to 5))

Output:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

string.lfill(length, placeholder_char)

print("txt".lfill(8, '.'))

Output:
.....txt

string.rfill(length, placeholder_char) -> str

print("txt".rfill(8, '.'))

Output:
txt.....

string.matches(regex) -> bool

string.replace(src, dst) -> str

Java String.replaceAll(...) wrapper.

OiObject:

Map<Object, Object> wrapper.

obj = {"fieldA": 174, "fieldB": 42}
print(obj.fieldA)
print(obj["fieldB"])

Output:
174
42

Using prototypes as classes:

func User_init(self, name, age):
    self.name = name
    self.age = age
    
func User_tostr(self):
    return "User("+self.name+" age: "+self.age+")")
    
User = {
    "_init": User_init,
    "tostr": User_tostr,
}

print(new User("unknown", 45).tostr())

new User(name, age) is equialent to std._included["$new"](User, name, age)

Where User is prototype for user.

$new - is a function that may be implemented (without constructor args) in OiScript as:

func oi_new(prototype):
  obj = {"_proto": prototype}
  obj._init()
  return obj

Built-in modules:

std

(included automatically like __builtins__ in Python)

Content

---

_version -> str

OiScript version string in format major.minor.patch (example: 0.9.2). May be accessed only directly as std._version because it's hidden field.

---

endl -> str

System line separator.

---

print(*values) -> none

Print all args separated with space and endl included.

---

bool(value) -> bool

Convert value to boolean.

---

str(value) -> str

Convert value to string.

---

hex(value) -> str

Convert integer to hex-string.

example: 1970 -> 7b2

---

bin(value) -> str

Convert integer to binary-string.

example: 1970 -> 11110110010

---

int(value) -> int

Convert value to integer.

---

chr(integer) -> char

Cast integer to char.

---

keys(object) -> vector

Get list of OiObject attributes names.

---

rand() -> float

Generate pseudo-random number in range [0.0, 1.0].

---

shuffle(list) -> same list

Randomly shuffle list (mutates list, does not create new one)

---

vector(iterable) -> vector

Create vector from Iterable object.

---

cat(object) -> str

Create string with shown escaped characters. Example: some "text"" -> "some \"text\""". Wraps strings into "".

---

nanotime() -> int

Get System.nanoTime()

---

time() -> float

Get System.nanoTime() in seconds.

---

$new(prototype, *args) -> OiObject

Create new instance using prototype.

new SomeProto(arg1, arg2, arg3)

will be converted to

std._included["$new"](SomeProto, arg1, arg2, arg3)

math

Content

PI -> float PI constant value (java Math.PI)

PI = 3.14159265358979323846

---

E -> float E constant value (java Math.E)

E = 2.7182818284590452354

---

sqrt(x) -> float

Calculate square root of x.

---

sin(x) -> float

Sine function for x (radians).

---

cos(x) -> float

Cosine function for x (radians).

---

tan(x) -> float

Tangent function for x (radians).

---

abs(x) -> float

Absolute x value

---

sum(iterable) -> float

Calculate sum of iterable elements.

---

avg(iterable) -> float

Calculate average value of iterable elements.

API

Single expressions

OiScript.eval(expression_string) calculates an expression result.

OI.eval("20 - 5 * 3.2") -> 4.0
OI.eval("2 * 3 == 6") -> true
OI.eval("[]") -> mihailris.oiscript.OiVector extends ArrayList<Object>
OI.eval("sqrt(81)") -> 9.0

Scripting

Initializing:

// create globals namespace object
OiObject globals = new OiObject();
// add std-modules to globals
globals.set("std", OI.moduleStd);
globals.set("math", OI.moduleMath);
// create scripts map object
OiObject scripts = new OiObject();

Loading a script:

String sourceName = ...;
String sourceCode = ...;
Script script = OI.load(sourceName, sourceCode, globals, scripts);
// execute module
script.init();

Execute script function:

Source:

func factorial(num):
    if num == 1:
        return 1
    return num*factorial(num-1)

Usage:

long num = script.execute("factorial", 10);
System.out.println(num);

Start process:

OiRunHandle handle = script.start(proc_name);

Continue process:

while (!runHandle.isFinished()) {
    System.out.println("interruption (skip or wait)");
    runHandle.continueProc();
}

or

while (!runHandle.isFinished()) {
    System.out.println("interruption (skip or wait)");
    long delta_time_ms = ...;
    runHandle.continueProc(delta_time_ms);
}

Custom library:

Create module:

OiModule module = new OiModule();

Set values:

module.set("gravity", 9.8);

Custom functions:

module.set("shutdown", OiUtils.customFunc("shutdown", (context, args) -> {
    Number exitCode = (Number)args[0];
    SomeImportantClassIdk.shutdown(exitCode.intValue());
    return OiNone.NONE;
}, 1))