Fix thread-safety violation in Allocations Profiler: Create a new per…

…-thread backtrace buffer in ptls (#44116)

* Fix thread-safety violation in Allocations Profiler:

Re-use the shared `ptls->bt_data` buffer from the thread-local storage
for the buffer, to ensure that each thread has a separate buffer.

This buffer is shared with the exception throwing mechanism, but is safe
to share since julia exception throwing never interleaves with
allocations profiling.

* Approach two: Create a separate per-thread allocations backtrace buffer.

* Update src/gc-alloc-profiler.cpp

Co-authored-by: Jameson Nash <vtjnash@gmail.com>

* Update src/gc-alloc-profiler.cpp

Co-authored-by: Jameson Nash <vtjnash@gmail.com>

* fix type error (#44235)

* Update src/gc-alloc-profiler.cpp

Co-authored-by: Jameson Nash <vtjnash@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Pete Vilter <7341+vilterp@users.noreply.github.com>

src/gc-alloc-profiler.cpp

@@ -47,15 +47,24 @@ jl_combined_results g_combined_results; // Will live forever.
 // === stack stuff ===
 
 jl_raw_backtrace_t get_raw_backtrace() JL_NOTSAFEPOINT {
-    // A single large buffer to record backtraces onto
-    static jl_bt_element_t static_bt_data[JL_MAX_BT_SIZE];
+    // We first record the backtrace onto a MAX-sized buffer, so that we don't have to
+    // allocate the buffer until we know the size. To ensure thread-safety, we use a
+    // per-thread backtrace buffer.
+    jl_ptls_t ptls = jl_current_task->ptls;
+    jl_bt_element_t *shared_bt_data_buffer = ptls->profiling_bt_buffer;
+    if (shared_bt_data_buffer == NULL) {
+        size_t size = sizeof(jl_bt_element_t) * (JL_MAX_BT_SIZE + 1);
+        shared_bt_data_buffer = (jl_bt_element_t*) malloc_s(size);
+        ptls->profiling_bt_buffer = shared_bt_data_buffer;
+    }
 
-    size_t bt_size = rec_backtrace(static_bt_data, JL_MAX_BT_SIZE, 2);
+    size_t bt_size = rec_backtrace(shared_bt_data_buffer, JL_MAX_BT_SIZE, 2);
 
     // Then we copy only the needed bytes out of the buffer into our profile.
     size_t bt_bytes = bt_size * sizeof(jl_bt_element_t);
-    jl_bt_element_t *bt_data = (jl_bt_element_t*) malloc(bt_bytes);
-    memcpy(bt_data, static_bt_data, bt_bytes);
+    jl_bt_element_t *bt_data = (jl_bt_element_t*) malloc_s(bt_bytes);
+    memcpy(bt_data, shared_bt_data_buffer, bt_bytes);
+
 
     return jl_raw_backtrace_t{
         bt_data,

src/julia_threads.h

@@ -238,6 +238,8 @@ typedef struct _jl_tls_states_t {
     // Temporary backtrace buffer. Scanned for gc roots when bt_size > 0.
     struct _jl_bt_element_t *bt_data; // JL_MAX_BT_SIZE + 1 elements long
     size_t bt_size;    // Size for backtrace in transit in bt_data
+    // Temporary backtrace buffer used only for allocations profiler.
+    struct _jl_bt_element_t *profiling_bt_buffer;
     // Atomically set by the sender, reset by the handler.
     volatile _Atomic(sig_atomic_t) signal_request; // TODO: no actual reason for this to be _Atomic
     // Allow the sigint to be raised asynchronously