allow external absint to hold custom data in codeinst.inferred

It has been possible for external abstract interpreters to keep custom
data in `codeinst.inferred` (together /w overloading `inlining_policy`).
After #52233, when such external absint uses
`InternalCodeCache`, this data is passed to `jl_ir_flag_inferred`,
leading to segfaults in assertion builds.

This commit resolves the issue by omitting `jl_ir_flag_inferred` checks
when the `cache_owner` is external. Nonetheless, a better resolution
might be necessary. It suggests that the current design of `code_owner`
and `InternalCodeCache` for the external cache system is somewhat flawed.
A conceivable approach could involve:
- Adding a layer similar to `inlining_policy` in `CC.get(::WorldView{InternalCodeCache})`
  to enable safe redirection of custom data to the native interpreter's
  implementation.
- Prohibiting custom data in the `inferred` field and directing such
  data to be kept in `analysis_results`.

base/compiler/types.jl

@@ -373,20 +373,17 @@ end
 function NativeInterpreter(world::UInt = get_world_counter();
                            inf_params::InferenceParams = InferenceParams(),
                            opt_params::OptimizationParams = OptimizationParams())
+    curr_world = get_world_counter()
     # Sometimes the caller is lazy and passes typemax(UInt).
     # we cap it to the current world age for correctness
     if world == typemax(UInt)
-        world = get_world_counter()
+        world = curr_world
     end
-
     # If they didn't pass typemax(UInt) but passed something more subtly
     # incorrect, fail out loudly.
-    @assert world <= get_world_counter()
-
+    @assert world <= curr_world
     method_table = CachedMethodTable(InternalMethodTable(world))
-
     inf_cache = Vector{InferenceResult}() # Initially empty cache
-
     return NativeInterpreter(world, method_table, inf_cache, inf_params, opt_params)
 end
 

src/gf.c

@@ -444,8 +444,11 @@ STATIC_INLINE jl_value_t *_jl_rettype_inferred(jl_value_t *owner, jl_method_inst
         if (jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&codeinst->min_world) <= min_world &&
             max_world <= jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&codeinst->max_world) &&
             jl_egal(codeinst->owner, owner)) {
-            jl_value_t *code = jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&codeinst->inferred);
-            if (code && (code == jl_nothing || jl_ir_flag_inferred(code)))
+            jl_value_t *inferred = jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&codeinst->inferred);
+            if (inferred && ((inferred == jl_nothing) || (
+                // allow whatever code instance external abstract interpreter produced
+                // since `jl_ir_flag_inferred` is specific to the native interpreter
+                codeinst->owner != jl_nothing || jl_ir_flag_inferred(inferred))))
                 return (jl_value_t*)codeinst;
         }
         codeinst = jl_atomic_load_relaxed(&codeinst->next);

test/compiler/AbstractInterpreter.jl

@@ -399,7 +399,6 @@ end
 Core.eval(Core.Compiler, quote f(;a=1) = a end)
 @test_throws MethodError Core.Compiler.f(;b=2)
 
-
 # Custom lookup function
 # ======================
 
@@ -469,3 +468,35 @@ let # generate cache
     @test  occursin("j_sin_", s)
     @test !occursin("j_cos_", s)
 end
+
+# custom inferred data
+# ====================
+
+@newinterp CustomDataInterp
+struct CustomDataInterpToken end
+CC.cache_owner(::CustomDataInterp) = CustomDataInterpToken()
+struct CustomData
+    inferred
+    CustomData(@nospecialize inferred) = new(inferred)
+end
+function CC.transform_result_for_cache(interp::CustomDataInterp,
+    mi::Core.MethodInstance, valid_worlds::CC.WorldRange, result::CC.InferenceResult)
+    inferred_result = @invoke CC.transform_result_for_cache(interp::CC.AbstractInterpreter,
+        mi::Core.MethodInstance, valid_worlds::CC.WorldRange, result::CC.InferenceResult)
+    return CustomData(inferred_result)
+end
+function CC.inlining_policy(interp::CustomDataInterp, @nospecialize(src),
+                            @nospecialize(info::CC.CallInfo), stmt_flag::UInt32)
+    if src isa CustomData
+        src = src.inferred
+    end
+    return @invoke CC.inlining_policy(interp::CC.AbstractInterpreter, src::Any,
+                                      info::CC.CallInfo, stmt_flag::UInt32)
+end
+let src = code_typed((Int,); interp=CustomDataInterp()) do x
+        return sin(x) + cos(x)
+    end |> only |> first
+    @test count(isinvoke(:sin), src.code) == 1
+    @test count(isinvoke(:cos), src.code) == 1
+    @test count(isinvoke(:+), src.code) == 0
+end