Webapp PHP Linux Azure SQL

Webapp for PHP 8.1 running in App Service for Linux and using Azure SQL Database

Potential issues

Issue could not find driver

try {
    $conn = new PDO("sqlsrv:server = tcp:".$server.".database.windows.net,1433; Database = ".$database, $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
}
catch (PDOException $e) {
    print_r($e);
}
catch (Exception $error) {
    print_r($error);
}

Above code might cause following exception if you don't have drivers installed:

PDOException Object
(
    [message:protected] => could not find driver
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => 0
    [file:protected] => /home/site/wwwroot/database.php
    [line:protected] => 16
    [trace:Exception:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /home/site/wwwroot/database.php
                    [line] => 16
                    [function] => __construct
                    [class] => PDO
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => sqlsrv:server = tcp:<your_server_here>.database.windows.net,1433; Database = <your_database_here>
                            [1] => <your_username_here>
                            [2] => <your_password_here>
                        )

                )

        )

    [previous:Exception:private] => 
    [errorInfo] => 
)

If driver is installed but you don't have access to target database, then you might get following error message:

PDOException Object
(
    [message:protected] => SQLSTATE[HYT00]: [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server]Login timeout expired
    [string:Exception:private] => 
    [code:protected] => HYT00
    [file:protected] => /home/site/wwwroot/database.php
    [line:protected] => 16
    [trace:Exception:private] => Array
        (
            [0] => Array
                (
                    [file] => /home/site/wwwroot/database.php
                    [line] => 16
                    [function] => __construct
                    [class] => PDO
                    [type] => ->
                    [args] => Array
                        (
                            [0] => sqlsrv:server = tcp:<your_server_here>.database.windows.net,1433; Database = <your_database_here>
                            [1] => <your_username_here>
                            [2] => <your_password_here>
                        )

                )

        )

    [previous:Exception:private] => 
    [errorInfo] => Array
        (
            [0] => HYT00
            [1] => 0
            [2] => [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server]Login timeout expired
            [3] => 08001
            [4] => 11001
            [5] => [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server]TCP Provider: Error code 0x2AF9
            [6] => 08001
            [7] => 11001
            [8] => [Microsoft][ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server]A network-related or instance-specific error has occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. Server is not found or not accessible. Check if instance name is correct and if SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. For more information see SQL Server Books Online.
        )

)

Issue Call to undefined function sqlsrv_connect

try {
    $connectionInfo = array("UID" => $username, "pwd" => $password, "Database" => $database, "LoginTimeout" => 30, "Encrypt" => 1, "TrustServerCertificate" => 0);
    $serverName = "tcp:".$server.".database.windows.net,1433";
    $conn = sqlsrv_connect($serverName, $connectionInfo);
    if( $conn === false )
    {
        echo "SQL Server Extension code failed in connection";
    }
}
catch (Exception $error) {
    print_r($error);
}

Above code might cause following exception if you don't have drivers installed:

Hello from Database<br />
<b>Fatal error</b>:  Uncaught Error: Call to undefined function sqlsrv_connect() in /home/site/wwwroot/database.php:30
Stack trace:
#0 {main}
  thrown in <b>/home/site/wwwroot/database.php</b> on line <b>30</b><br />

Install pdo_sqlsrv and sqlsrv drivers

Deployment steps:

1. Deploy these files to App Service for Linux

• /home/site/ini/extensions.ini Additional PHP configuration for defining the SQL Server drivers
• /home/site/nginx.conf Nginx custom configuration file
  • Custom error page error.html
• /home/site/startup.sh Responsible of retrieving driver .so files and setting up the environment
  • Download latest version of Microsoft Drivers for PHP for Microsoft SQL Server
  • Updates Nginx configuration

2. Enable PHP_INI_SCAN_DIR application setting for the app

• Instructs PHP to look for additional ini files from /home/site/ini folder

az webapp config appsettings set --name <app-name> --resource-group <resource-group-name> --settings PHP_INI_SCAN_DIR="/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d:/home/site/ini"

3. Set startup command for app

• Guarantees that everything is configurated correctly when app is started

az webapp config set --name <app-name> --resource-group <resource-group-name> --startup-file="/home/site/startup.sh"

4. Deploy your app to /home/site/wwwroot

• This repo contains example files to test the connectivity from PHP to Azure SQL Database
  • Use https://<yourapp>.azurewebsites.net/phpinfo.php to see PHP Info
    • Validate, that /home/site/ini/extensions.ini can be found under Additional .ini files parsed
    • Validate, that pdo_sqlsrv is installed correctly
    • Validate, that sqlsrv is installed correctly
  • Use https://<yourapp>.azurewebsites.net/database.php to test database drivers and connectivity

Here is the filesystem structure under /home/site after the deployment (non-relevant files removed from output):

.
|-- ini
|   |-- bin
|   |   |-- php_pdo_sqlsrv_81_nts.so
|   |   |-- <other driver files>
|   |   `-- php_sqlsrv_81_ts.so
|   `-- extensions.ini
|-- nginx.conf
|-- startup.sh
`-- wwwroot
    |-- database.php
    |-- error.html
    |-- index.php
    `-- phpinfo.php

Search for PHP usage using Azure Resource Graph

You can search for PHP usage using Azure Resource Graph query. Here is example query (authored by pemsft):

Resources
| join kind=leftouter (ResourceContainers | where type=='microsoft.resources/subscriptions' | project subscriptionName=name, subscriptionId) on subscriptionId
| where type == "microsoft.web/sites"
| extend sites = properties.siteProperties.properties
| mv-expand sites
| extend sitesname = sites.name
| extend sitesvalue = sites.value
| project Subscription = subscriptionName, resourceGroup, appName = name, kind, OS = sitesname, codeVersion = sites.value, location, subscriptionId, tags

You can easily continue to filter the data in resource graph queries or then export as CSV and continue filtering in Excel.

You can also use PowerShell to scan your environment:

class WebAppData {
    [string] $SubscriptionName
    [string] $SubscriptionID
    [string] $ResourceGroupName
    [string] $Location
    [string] $Name
    [string] $PHPVersion
    [string] $Tags
}

$phpApps = New-Object System.Collections.ArrayList
$subscriptions = Get-AzSubscription

foreach ($subscription in $subscriptions) {
    Select-AzSubscription -SubscriptionID $subscription.Id
    $webApps = Get-AzWebApp
    foreach ($webApp in $webApps) {

        $webAppDetails = Get-AzWebApp -ResourceGroupName $webApp.ResourceGroup -Name $webApp.Name

        $webAppData = [WebAppData]::new()
        $webAppData.SubscriptionName = $subscription.Name
        $webAppData.SubscriptionID = $subscription.Id
        $webAppData.ResourceGroupName = $webApp.ResourceGroup
        $webAppData.Name = $webApp.Name
        $webAppData.Location = $webApp.Location
        $webAppData.Tags = $webApp.Tags | ConvertTo-Json -Compress
        $webAppData.PHPVersion = $webAppDetails.SiteConfig.PhpVersion
        
        $phpApps.Add($webAppData)
    }
}

$phpApps | Format-Table
$phpApps | Export-CSV "phpapps.csv" -Force
Write-Warning "Note: 'PHPVersion' column might report '5.6' but that does not mean that application is necessary using PHP." 

Links

PHP Support timeline in App Service for Linux

Azure App Service Linux - Adding PHP Extensions

NGINX Rewrite Rules for Azure App Service Linux PHP 8.x

Microsoft Drivers for PHP for Microsoft SQL Server

Customize PHP_INI_SYSTEM directives

Q&A: php 8.1 sqlsrv extensions missing