🏢 Tech Hub Workspace System — Java OOP Practice

Overview

In this assessment, you will design a management system for a modern tech co-working space. The system manages two branches of people: Coworkers (people who pay to use the space) and Employees (people who run the space), through a shared class hierarchy rooted at HubUser.

You will also interact with a Brownfields legacy system (LegacyDoorSystem) to grant access to users.

Class Hierarchy

HubUser (abstract) ├── Coworker (abstract) │ ├── DayPassCoworker │ └── ResidentCoworker └── Employee (abstract) └── CommunityManager

Implementation Steps

Step 1 — Implement HubUser (Abstract)

• Fields: firstName (String, immutable), lastName (String, immutable), email (String, private).
• Methods: Getters for all fields, setter for email. fullName() returns first and last name. role() is abstract.

Step 2 — Implement Coworker (Abstract)

• Extends: HubUser
• Fields: coworkerId (String, immutable), isActive (boolean, defaults to true).
• Methods: Getters/setters for active status. monthlyRate() and deskType() are abstract.

Step 3 — Implement DayPassCoworker & ResidentCoworker

• DayPassCoworker: Rate is R250.00. Desk type is "Hot Desk in Open Area". Role is "Day Pass User".
• ResidentCoworker: Rate is R3500.00. Has an extra immutable field deskNumber (String). Desk type is "Dedicated Desk: " + deskNumber. Role is "Resident".

Step 4 — Implement Employee & CommunityManager

• Employee (Abstract): Extends HubUser. Fields: employeeId (String), hoursWorked (int). calculatePay() is abstract.
• CommunityManager: Extends Employee. Hourly rate is R150.00. Pay is hoursWorked * 150.00. Role is "Community Manager".

Step 5 — The Brownfields Integration

• The package za.co.wethinkcode.brownfield contains a pre-written class LegacyDoorSystem that you must not modify.
• In WorkspaceManager, when you add a Coworker, you must call the legacy system to generate an access badge.

Comprehension Questions (Answer in answers.txt)

Question 1: OOP Pillars (10 marks) Identify one place in your code where you used Polymorphism and one place where you used Encapsulation. Explain why they were used.

Question 2: Testing & TDD (10 marks) Explain the Red-Green-Refactor cycle. Why is it beneficial to write the test before the implementation?

Question 3: Brownfields Engineering (10 marks) You had to integrate LegacyDoorSystem without modifying it. Explain what a Brownfields project is, and why developers often have to wrap or adapt legacy code rather than deleting and rewriting it.

Question 4: Agile Methodology (10 marks) During an Agile Sprint, what is the purpose of the Daily Stand-up? What are the three questions every team member should answer?

Question 5: Systems Design (10 marks) If this Workspace System grew to manage 500 locations globally, a single server would crash (Vertical Scaling limit). Explain the concept of Horizontal Scaling and how a Load Balancer would help solve this problem.