Green Flow – Smart Traffic Optimization System

Green Flow is a hardware-based intelligent traffic management prototype designed to improve vehicle flow across general and service streets, especially in crowded cities such as Riyadh, Jeddah, Dammam, and Al-Khobar. Using sensors, adaptive timing logic, and microcontroller-based control, the system dynamically adjusts traffic signals based on real traffic conditions—reducing waiting time, preventing unnecessary stops, and enhancing overall road safety.

System Overview

Traditional traffic lights operate on fixed timers, regardless of vehicle presence. This leads to delays, unnecessary red lights, and increased accident risks. Green Flow introduces a smarter, sensor-based approach.

General Street

Operates on a programmed cycle with timing adjustments based on real vehicle flow and detected traffic density.

Service Street

Analyzes the status of the General Street and receives its signal (red/yellow/green) based on the main road traffic.The goal is to reduce risky sudden merges and minimize accidents caused by switching routes.

Combined Logic

Both streets operate together to achieve:

• Reduced accident probability
• Shorter waiting time on low-traffic lanes
• Priority for the main (general) road
• Less idle time on red signals
• Overall smoother, safer traffic flow

How the System Works

1. Sensors detect vehicle movement on both street types.
2. Microcontroller logic (Arduino-based) decides signal switching.
3. General Street follows a primary cycle with adaptive timing.
4. Service Street adjusts its color signals based on main-road analysis.
5. LED signals switch automatically according to lane priority and sensor states.

This approach balances efficiency,energy saving, and traffic responsiveness.

Hardware Components

• Arduino Uno (microcontroller)
• Infrared / Ultrasonic vehicle detection sensors
• LEDs (Red, Yellow, Green)
• Resistors
• Wires & breadboard
• Power source
• Dual traffic-signal setup (General Street & Service Street)

Demo Video

A live demonstration of the system prototype can be viewed here: https://drive.google.com/file/d/13TIqSkRGOM9jObN_4wgO9IAUMzUO6Trk/view

Project Structure

• Code:

1. GeneralStreet.ino
2. ServiceStreet.ino

• Diagrams:

1. Block Diagram.png
2. General Circuit Design.png
3. Service Circuit Design.png

Future Improvements

• Add real-time traffic density measurement
• Integrate IoT dashboard for monitoring signal status
• Add emergency-vehicle priority detection
• Scale system to multi-lane or multi-intersection control
• Optimize timing using machine learning (predictive switching)