Closes #4382

- Move core stateless validation of the Header type to a ValidateBasic method.
- Call header.ValidateBasic during a SignedHeader validation.
- Call header.ValidateBasic during a PhantomValidatorEvidence validation.
- Call header.ValidateBasic during a LunaticValidatorEvidence validation.

lite tests are skipped since the package is deprecated, no need to waste time on it

closes: #4572

Co-authored-by: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

Reduce the number of targets and make the buildsystem more
flexible by parsing the TENDERMINT_BUILD_OPTIONS command
line variable (a-la Debian, inspired by dpkg-buildpackage's
DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS), e.g:

 $ make install TENDERMINT_BUILD_OPTIONS='cleveldb'

replaces the old:

 $ make install_c

Options can be mix&match'd, e.g.:

 $ make install TENDERMINT_BUILD_OPTIONS='cleveldb race nostrip'

Three options are available:
- nostrip: don't strip debugging symbols nor DWARF tables.
- cleveldb: use cleveldb as db backend instead of goleveldb;
  it switches on the CGO_ENABLED Go environment variale.
- race: pass -race to go build and enable data race detection.

This changeset is a port of gaia pull request: cosmos/gaia#363.

Co-authored-by: Alessio Treglia <alessio@tendermint.com>

* lite: fix HTTP provider error handling

Fixes #4739, kind of. See #4740 for the proper fix.

---

For contributor use:

- [x] Wrote tests
- [x] Updated CHANGELOG_PENDING.md
- [x] Linked to Github issue with discussion and accepted design OR link to spec that describes this work.
- [x] Updated relevant documentation (`docs/`) and code comments
- [x] Re-reviewed `Files changed` in the Github PR explorer
- [x] Applied Appropriate Labels

* adapt tests to missing pull request

Co-authored-by: Anton Kaliaev <anton.kalyaev@gmail.com>

* privval: remove deprecated `OldFilePV`

The old format was deprecated in v0.28. It's time we remove it.

* fix changelog

* blockchain/v2: fix excessive CPU usage due to spinning on closed channels (#4761)

The event loop uses a `select` on multiple channels. However, reading from a closed channel in Go always yields the channel's zero value. The processor and scheduler close their channels when done, and since these channels are always ready to receive, the event loop keeps spinning on them.

This changes `routine.terminate()` to not close the channel, and also removes `stopDemux` and instead uses `events` channel closure to signal event loop termination.

Fixes #4687.

* blockchain/v2: respect fast_sync option (#4772)

Not thoroughly tested, but seems to work. Will do further testing as this is integrated with state sync.

Fixes #4688.

in VerifyCommitTrusting

Closes #4755

Fixes #4802. The Go HTTP server has a global panic handler for requests, so it was not as severe as first thought.

This fix can still panic, since we try to send a `500` response - if that happens, the Go HTTP server will terminate the connection. Otherwise, the client will get a 200 response, which we should avoid. I'm sort of torn on whether it's even necessary to include this fix, instead of just letting the HTTP server deal with it.

allow ReapX and CheckTx functions to run in parallel, making it not possible to block certain proposers from creating a new block.

Closes: #2972

Closes #2998

Spec PR: tendermint/spec#94

returning an error

Closes #4707

Closes #3433

Closes tendermint/tendermint#3857

Moves `lib/` folder to `jsonrpc/`.

Renames:

**packages**

`rpc` package -> `jsonrpc` package
`rpcclient` package -> `client` package
`rpcserver` package -> `server` package

**structs and interfaces**

```
JSONRPCClient to Client
JSONRPCRequestBatch to RequestBatch
JSONRPCCaller to Caller
```

**functions**

```
StartHTTPServer to Serve
StartHTTPAndTLSServer to ServeTLS

rpc/jsonrpc/client: rename NewURIClient to NewURI

NewJSONRPCClient to New
NewJSONRPCClientWithHTTPClient to NewWithHTTPClient
NewWSClient to NewWS
```

**misc**

- unexpose `ResponseWriterWrapper`
- remove unused http_params.go

in /validators, /consensus_params and /status

Closes #3161

Closes #4846 
Spec tendermint/spec#96

fix bug with assigning the new pivot height during bisection. PR: #4850

these proto files are meant to help unblock ibc in their quest of migrating the ibc module to proto.

# Conflicts:
#	.circleci/config.yml
#	Makefile
#	go.mod
#	go.sum
#	privval/messages.go

….33.5

# Conflicts:
#	.circleci/config.yml
#	CHANGELOG.md
#	CHANGELOG_PENDING.md
#	Makefile
#	go.mod
#	go.sum
#	lite2/helpers_test.go
#	lite2/verifier_test.go
#	privval/signer_client_test.go
#	rpc/core/consensus.go
#	rpc/core/status.go
#	test/docker/Dockerfile
#	types/block.go
#	types/validator_set.go

- BLS library always need the CGO_ENABLED=1 option

- apply missing codes of tendermint/tendermint#4896

 - remove `LastValidators`
 - add `LastProofHash`