Add GPU-less Avalonia rendering fallback

src/Languages/lang_en.json

@@ -471,6 +471,8 @@
   "System language": "System language",
   "Is your language missing or incomplete?": "Is your language missing or incomplete?",
   "Appearance": "Appearance",
+  "Rendering": "Rendering",
+  "Automatically switch to software rendering when Windows has no hardware GPU": "Automatically switch to software rendering when Windows has no hardware GPU",
   "UniGetUI on the background and system tray": "UniGetUI on the background and system tray",
   "Package lists": "Package lists",
   "Use classic mode": "Use classic mode",

src/UniGetUI.Avalonia/Infrastructure/AvaloniaAppHost.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using Avalonia;
+#if WINDOWS
+using Avalonia.Win32;
+#endif
 using Avalonia.Threading;
 using UniGetUI.Core.Data;
 using UniGetUI.Core.Logging;
@@ -89,9 +92,22 @@ Welcome to UniGetUI Version {CoreData.VersionName}
     }
 
     public static AppBuilder BuildAvaloniaApp()
-        => AppBuilder.Configure<App>()
-            .UsePlatformDetect()
-            .LogToTrace();
+    {
+        AppBuilder builder = AppBuilder.Configure<App>()
+            .UsePlatformDetect();
+
+#if WINDOWS
+        if (WindowsAvaloniaRenderingPolicy.ShouldUseSoftwareRendering)
+        {
+            builder = builder.With(new Win32PlatformOptions
+            {
+                RenderingMode = [Win32RenderingMode.Software],
+            });
+        }
+#endif
+
+        return builder.LogToTrace();
+    }
 
     private static bool ShouldPrepareCliConsole(IReadOnlyList<string> args)
     {

src/UniGetUI.Avalonia/Infrastructure/MotionPreference.cs

@@ -23,7 +23,13 @@ public static bool ReducedMotion
         get
         {
             if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
+            {
+                if (WindowsAvaloniaRenderingPolicy.ShouldReduceMotion)
+                    return true;
+
                 return GetWindowsReducedMotion();
+            }
+
             return _cachedUnix ??= GetUnixReducedMotion();
         }
     }

src/UniGetUI.Avalonia/Infrastructure/WindowsAvaloniaRenderingPolicy.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using Avalonia.Controls;
+using UniGetUI.Core.Logging;
+using CoreSettings = global::UniGetUI.Core.SettingsEngine.Settings;
+
+namespace UniGetUI.Avalonia.Infrastructure;
+
+internal static class WindowsAvaloniaRenderingPolicy
+{
+    private static bool? _hasHardwareGpu;
+    private static bool? _shouldUseSoftwareRendering;
+
+    public static bool ShouldUseSoftwareRendering
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            if (_shouldUseSoftwareRendering is not null)
+                return _shouldUseSoftwareRendering.Value;
+
+            if (!OperatingSystem.IsWindows() || Design.IsDesignMode)
+                return false;
+
+            if (CoreSettings.Get(CoreSettings.K.DisableAutoSoftwareRenderingOnGpuLessHosts))
+                return false;
+
+            _shouldUseSoftwareRendering = !HasHardwareGpu;
+            if (_shouldUseSoftwareRendering.Value)
+            {
+                Logger.Warn(
+                    "No hardware GPU detected. Using Avalonia software rendering and reduced motion.");
+            }
+
+            return _shouldUseSoftwareRendering.Value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static bool ShouldReduceMotion => ShouldUseSoftwareRendering;
+
+    private static bool HasHardwareGpu
+    {
+        get
+        {
+            if (_hasHardwareGpu is not null)
+                return _hasHardwareGpu.Value;
+
+            Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+            _hasHardwareGpu = DetectHardwareGpu();
+            stopwatch.Stop();
+
+            Logger.Info(
+                $"DXGI hardware GPU detection took {stopwatch.Elapsed.TotalMilliseconds:F1} ms; hardware GPU: {_hasHardwareGpu.Value}");
+
+            return _hasHardwareGpu.Value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static bool DetectHardwareGpu()
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            Guid factoryIid = typeof(IDXGIFactory1).GUID;
+            if (CreateDXGIFactory1(ref factoryIid, out object factoryObj) != HResult.Ok
+                || factoryObj is not IDXGIFactory1 factory)
+            {
+                Logger.Warn("Could not create DXGI factory; assuming a hardware GPU is present.");
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            try
+            {
+                for (uint i = 0; ; i++)
+                {
+                    int hr = factory.EnumAdapters1(i, out IDXGIAdapter1 adapter);
+                    if (hr == HResult.DxgiErrorNotFound || hr != HResult.Ok || adapter is null)
+                        break;
+
+                    try
+                    {
+                        if (adapter.GetDesc1(out DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 desc) != HResult.Ok)
+                            continue;
+
+                        bool isSoftwareAdapter =
+                            (desc.Flags & DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE) != 0
+                            || (desc.VendorId == MicrosoftVendorId
+                                && desc.DeviceId == BasicRenderDriverDeviceId);
+
+                        if (!isSoftwareAdapter)
+                            return true;
+                    }
+                    finally
+                    {
+                        Marshal.ReleaseComObject(adapter);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                Marshal.ReleaseComObject(factory);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+        catch (Exception ex)
+        {
+            Logger.Warn("Could not detect DXGI hardware GPU; assuming one is present.");
+            Logger.Warn(ex);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    [DllImport("dxgi.dll", ExactSpelling = true)]
+    private static extern int CreateDXGIFactory1(
+        ref Guid riid,
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)] out object ppFactory
+    );
+
+    private static class HResult
+    {
+        public const int Ok = 0;
+        public const int DxgiErrorNotFound = unchecked((int)0x887A0002);
+    }
+
+    private const uint DXGI_ADAPTER_FLAG_SOFTWARE = 2;
+
+    // Microsoft Basic Render Driver (WARP) is enumerated with this VendorId/DeviceId pair.
+    private const uint MicrosoftVendorId = 0x1414;
+    private const uint BasicRenderDriverDeviceId = 0x8C;
+
+    [ComImport]
+    [Guid("770aae78-f26f-4dba-a829-253c83d1b387")]
+    [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
+    private interface IDXGIFactory1
+    {
+        void SetPrivateData();
+        void SetPrivateDataInterface();
+        void GetPrivateData();
+        void GetParent();
+        void EnumAdapters();
+        void MakeWindowAssociation();
+        void GetWindowAssociation();
+        void CreateSwapChain();
+        void CreateSoftwareAdapter();
+
+        [PreserveSig]
+        int EnumAdapters1(uint adapter, out IDXGIAdapter1 ppAdapter);
+
+        [PreserveSig]
+        bool IsCurrent();
+    }
+
+    [ComImport]
+    [Guid("29038f61-3839-4626-91fd-086879011a05")]
+    [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
+    private interface IDXGIAdapter1
+    {
+        void SetPrivateData();
+        void SetPrivateDataInterface();
+        void GetPrivateData();
+        void GetParent();
+        void EnumOutputs();
+        void GetDesc();
+        void CheckInterfaceSupport();
+
+        [PreserveSig]
+        int GetDesc1(out DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1 pDesc);
+    }
+
+    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
+    private struct DXGI_ADAPTER_DESC1
+    {
+        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
+        public string Description;
+
+        public uint VendorId;
+        public uint DeviceId;
+        public uint SubSysId;
+        public uint Revision;
+        public UIntPtr DedicatedVideoMemory;
+        public UIntPtr DedicatedSystemMemory;
+        public UIntPtr SharedSystemMemory;
+        public uint AdapterLuidLowPart;
+        public int AdapterLuidHighPart;
+        public uint Flags;
+    }
+}

src/UniGetUI.Avalonia/UniGetUI.Avalonia.csproj

@@ -239,6 +239,7 @@
        <Compile Include="Infrastructure\RelayCommand.cs" />
        <Compile Include="Infrastructure\SingleInstanceRedirector.cs" />
        <Compile Include="Infrastructure\UninstallConfirmationDialog.cs" />
+       <Compile Include="Infrastructure\WindowsAvaloniaRenderingPolicy.cs" />
        <Compile Update="App.axaml.cs">
          <DependentUpon>App.axaml</DependentUpon>
        </Compile>

src/UniGetUI.Avalonia/Views/Pages/SettingsPages/Interface_P.axaml

@@ -26,6 +26,22 @@
                                     CornerRadius="0,0,8,8"
                                     BorderThickness="1,0,1,1"/>
 
+            <Border Height="16"/>
+
+            <settings:TranslatedTextBlock Text="Rendering"
+                                         FontSize="14"
+                                         FontWeight="SemiBold"
+                                         Margin="44,32,4,8"
+                                         automation:AutomationProperties.HeadingLevel="2"
+                                         IsVisible="{Binding IsWindows}"/>
+
+            <settings:CheckboxCard SettingName="DisableAutoSoftwareRenderingOnGpuLessHosts"
+                                   Text="{t:Translate Automatically switch to software rendering when Windows has no hardware GPU}"
+                                   WarningText="{t:Translate Restart UniGetUI to apply this change}"
+                                   StateChangedCommand="{Binding ShowRestartRequiredCommand}"
+                                   CornerRadius="8"
+                                   IsVisible="{Binding IsWindows}"/>
+
             <Border Height="16"/>
 
              <StackPanel x:Name="SystemTraySection" Orientation="Vertical">

src/UniGetUI.Core.Settings/SettingsEngine_Names.cs

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ public enum K
         RedactUsernameInLog,
         DisableReleaseNotesOnUpdate,
         LastKnownBuildNumber,
+        DisableAutoSoftwareRenderingOnGpuLessHosts,
 
         Test1,
         Test2,
@@ -205,6 +206,7 @@ public static string ResolveKey(K key)
             K.RedactUsernameInLog => "RedactUsernameInLog",
             K.DisableReleaseNotesOnUpdate => "DisableReleaseNotesOnUpdate",
             K.LastKnownBuildNumber => "LastKnownBuildNumber",
+            K.DisableAutoSoftwareRenderingOnGpuLessHosts => "DisableAutoSoftwareRenderingOnGpuLessHosts",
 
             K.Test1 => "TestSetting1",
             K.Test2 => "TestSetting2",