Fix top-level return when Ruby < 2.4

[TonyCTHsu]

What does this PR do?

This PR refactor the injection script in order avoid failure for older rubies (< 2.4)

This syntax top-level return is available after Ruby 2.4

https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/4840

Before when running with older Rubies

root@47c2d42343c2:/app# BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile RUBYOPT=-r/app/lib-injection/host_inject bundle exec ruby test.rb
/app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb: /app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb:3: Invalid return (SyntaxError)
/app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb:35: Invalid return
/app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb:41: Invalid return
/app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb:47: Invalid return
/app/lib-injection/host_inject.rb:53: Invalid return

After (Without error)

root@47c2d42343c2:/app# BUNDLE_GEMFILE=Gemfile RUBYOPT=-r/app/lib-injection/host_inject bundle exec ruby test.rb

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Suggested change

	rescue Exception => e
	rescue StandardError => e

Do not rescue the Exception class (...read more)

The rule "Do not rescue the Exception class" is a crucial practice in Ruby programming for handling exceptions. The Exception class is the root of Ruby's exception hierarchy, so when you rescue Exception, you're potentially catching and handling severe system errors that Ruby itself is trying to bubble up. These could be fundamental issues like memory overflows and syntax errors, which could cause the program to behave unexpectedly or even crash.

Rescuing the Exception class can lead to major problems in debugging since it can hide the true nature of the error and its source. It makes it harder to pinpoint where and why the error occurred. This can lead to significant delays in identifying and resolving coding issues.

Instead of rescuing the Exception class, it is better to rescue more specific error classes or use StandardError which is the superclass for most error types. For instance, if you're expecting possible nil values, use rescue NoMethodError. This allows Ruby to handle severe system errors appropriately and ensures that you're only rescuing the errors you expect. This practice makes your code safer, more predictable, and easier to maintain and debug.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Suggested change

	rescue Exception => e
	rescue StandardError => e

Do not rescue the Exception class (...read more)

The rule "Do not rescue the Exception class" is a crucial practice in Ruby programming for handling exceptions. The Exception class is the root of Ruby's exception hierarchy, so when you rescue Exception, you're potentially catching and handling severe system errors that Ruby itself is trying to bubble up. These could be fundamental issues like memory overflows and syntax errors, which could cause the program to behave unexpectedly or even crash.

Rescuing the Exception class can lead to major problems in debugging since it can hide the true nature of the error and its source. It makes it harder to pinpoint where and why the error occurred. This can lead to significant delays in identifying and resolving coding issues.

Instead of rescuing the Exception class, it is better to rescue more specific error classes or use StandardError which is the superclass for most error types. For instance, if you're expecting possible nil values, use rescue NoMethodError. This allows Ruby to handle severe system errors appropriately and ensures that you're only rescuing the errors you expect. This practice makes your code safer, more predictable, and easier to maintain and debug.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Suggested change

	rescue Exception => e
	rescue StandardError => e

Do not rescue the Exception class (...read more)

The rule "Do not rescue the Exception class" is a crucial practice in Ruby programming for handling exceptions. The Exception class is the root of Ruby's exception hierarchy, so when you rescue Exception, you're potentially catching and handling severe system errors that Ruby itself is trying to bubble up. These could be fundamental issues like memory overflows and syntax errors, which could cause the program to behave unexpectedly or even crash.

Rescuing the Exception class can lead to major problems in debugging since it can hide the true nature of the error and its source. It makes it harder to pinpoint where and why the error occurred. This can lead to significant delays in identifying and resolving coding issues.

Instead of rescuing the Exception class, it is better to rescue more specific error classes or use StandardError which is the superclass for most error types. For instance, if you're expecting possible nil values, use rescue NoMethodError. This allows Ruby to handle severe system errors appropriately and ensures that you're only rescuing the errors you expect. This practice makes your code safer, more predictable, and easier to maintain and debug.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-staging-us1-all]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Suggested change

	rescue Exception => e
	rescue StandardError => e

Do not rescue the Exception class (...read more)

The rule "Do not rescue the Exception class" is a crucial practice in Ruby programming for handling exceptions. The Exception class is the root of Ruby's exception hierarchy, so when you rescue Exception, you're potentially catching and handling severe system errors that Ruby itself is trying to bubble up. These could be fundamental issues like memory overflows and syntax errors, which could cause the program to behave unexpectedly or even crash.

Rescuing the Exception class can lead to major problems in debugging since it can hide the true nature of the error and its source. It makes it harder to pinpoint where and why the error occurred. This can lead to significant delays in identifying and resolving coding issues.

Instead of rescuing the Exception class, it is better to rescue more specific error classes or use StandardError which is the superclass for most error types. For instance, if you're expecting possible nil values, use rescue NoMethodError. This allows Ruby to handle severe system errors appropriately and ensures that you're only rescuing the errors you expect. This practice makes your code safer, more predictable, and easier to maintain and debug.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Suggested change

	rescue Exception => e
	rescue StandardError => e

Do not rescue the Exception class (...read more)

The rule "Do not rescue the Exception class" is a crucial practice in Ruby programming for handling exceptions. The Exception class is the root of Ruby's exception hierarchy, so when you rescue Exception, you're potentially catching and handling severe system errors that Ruby itself is trying to bubble up. These could be fundamental issues like memory overflows and syntax errors, which could cause the program to behave unexpectedly or even crash.

Rescuing the Exception class can lead to major problems in debugging since it can hide the true nature of the error and its source. It makes it harder to pinpoint where and why the error occurred. This can lead to significant delays in identifying and resolving coding issues.

Instead of rescuing the Exception class, it is better to rescue more specific error classes or use StandardError which is the superclass for most error types. For instance, if you're expecting possible nil values, use rescue NoMethodError. This allows Ruby to handle severe system errors appropriately and ensures that you're only rescuing the errors you expect. This practice makes your code safer, more predictable, and easier to maintain and debug.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using symbols instead of string hash keys (...read more)

In Ruby, it is a best practice to use symbols instead of strings as hash keys. This rule emphasizes that it's more efficient and idiomatic to use symbols for this purpose. Symbols are immutable and unique, which makes them ideal for identifying things, whereas strings are mutable and can create multiple objects for the same sequence of characters.

The importance of this rule lies in the performance and memory usage of your Ruby application. Using symbols as hash keys reduces memory usage because they are stored in memory only once during a Ruby process. This can make a significant difference in the efficiency of your application, especially when dealing with large data sets.

To ensure you're following good coding practices, always use symbols for hash keys unless there's a specific reason to use a string. A simple refactoring from values = { 'foo' => 42, 'bar' => 99, 'baz' => 123 } to values = { foo: 42, bar: 99, baz: 123 } will make your code compliant with this rule. This not only improves your code's performance but also makes it more readable and consistent with Ruby's conventions.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

⚪ Code Quality Violation

Consider using string interpolation or formatting instead of concatenation. (...read more)

The rule "Avoid string concatenation" is an important coding practice in Ruby for ensuring efficient and clean code. String concatenation in Ruby using the '+' operator creates a new string object, which can lead to excessive memory usage and slower performance when dealing with large strings or performing the operation multiple times.

Instead, Ruby provides alternatives that are more efficient. The string interpolation syntax #{} allows you to insert variables directly into strings without creating new string objects. This is not only more memory efficient, but also provides cleaner and more readable code.

Another alternative is the format method, which allows you to create a formatted string with placeholders for variables. This method is particularly useful when dealing with more complex strings, as it provides a clear and concise way to format your strings.

By following this rule, you can write more efficient and cleaner Ruby code, leading to better performance and readability.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[datadog-datadog-prod-us1]

🟠 Code Vulnerability

Potential shell injection, check inputs are not coming from untrusted data (...read more)

This rule checks for potential shell injection vulnerabilities in your Ruby code. Shell injection is a serious security risk, as it allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands on your system, potentially leading to data theft, corruption, or other malicious actions. When user input is used to form shell commands, it is essential to ensure that it cannot be manipulated to alter the intended command execution.

The importance of this rule cannot be overstated. Preventing shell injection attacks is a critical aspect of maintaining the security and integrity of your application and its data. Shell injections can lead to severe consequences, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and system compromise.

To avoid shell injection vulnerabilities, always use the array form of system commands in Ruby, such as system("echo", "Hello, World!") instead of system("echo Hello, World!"). The array form ensures that the arguments are passed directly to the command and not interpreted by the shell. Also, avoid using user input directly in shell commands. If it's unavoidable, make sure to sanitize the input thoroughly before using it. Use libraries such as Shellwords.escape to escape any potentially dangerous characters in the user input.

    

[pr-commenter]

Benchmarks

Benchmark execution time: 2024-07-22 12:57:39

Comparing candidate commit 8517f8d in PR branch tonycthsu/syntax-fix with baseline commit f6ec4ac in branch master.

Found 1 performance improvements and 0 performance regressions! Performance is the same for 9 metrics, 2 unstable metrics.

scenario:Tracing.log_correlation

• 🟩 throughput [+2942.384op/s; +3206.263op/s] or [+2.558%; +2.788%]

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 97.91%. Comparing base (f6ec4ac) to head (8517f8d).
Report is 3 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #3795   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   97.91%   97.91%           
=======================================
  Files        1246     1246           
  Lines       75037    75037           
  Branches     3629     3629           
=======================================
  Hits        73473    73473           
  Misses       1564     1564           

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