This is a tool used to configure, build, and push images for Chameleon. It is easy to extend, and takes heavy advantage of build hosts with lots of compute resources.
The project uses a virtualenv and has some dependency requirements, to set it up:
python -m venv .venv: create the virtualenv. .venv/bin/activate: to activate the virtualenvpip install .: to install dependencies of the project
Note: Using system python packages can result in broken images. It's highly recommended to use a virtualenv.
On the system you'll need the following additional packages:
apt-get install \
python3 \
python3-dev \
python3-venv \
qemu-utils \
qemu-user \
qemu-user-binfmt \
git \
gcc \
cpio \
xz-utils \
dosfstools \
zstd
Note: If you're building baremetal images, then qemu-img must be installed on the build host.
usage: cc-images.py [-h] [-b] [-p] [-f] [-t N_TASKS] [-a [amd64,arm64]]
{cc-centos7,cc-centos7-cuda,cc-centos7-nallatech,cc-centos7-terasic,cc-centos7-xilinx,cc-centos8-stream,cc-centos8-stream-cuda,cc-centos9-stream,cc-centos9-stream-cuda,cc-ubuntu20.04,cc-ubuntu20.04-cuda,cc-ubuntu22.04,cc-ubuntu22.04-cuda}
[{cc-centos7,cc-centos7-cuda,cc-centos7-nallatech,cc-centos7-terasic,cc-centos7-xilinx,cc-centos8-stream,cc-centos8-stream-cuda,cc-centos9-stream,cc-centos9-stream-cuda,cc-ubuntu20.04,cc-ubuntu20.04-cuda,cc-ubuntu22.04,cc-ubuntu22.04-cuda} ...]
Chameleon official image building/publishing tool, based on OpenStack's
diskimage-builder
positional arguments:
{cc-centos7,cc-centos7-cuda,cc-centos7-nallatech,cc-centos7-terasic,cc-centos7-xilinx,cc-centos8-stream,cc-centos8-stream-cuda,cc-centos9-stream,cc-centos9-stream-cuda,cc-ubuntu20.04,cc-ubuntu20.04-cuda,cc-ubuntu22.04,cc-ubuntu22.04-cuda}
The image tag(s) to build
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-b, --build Build new versions of the listed image tags
-p, --push Push the most recent version of the image(s) in the
cache. When combined with -b, pushes the image(s) just
built.
-f, --force Force a complete rebuild of the image(s) without
reusing the cache. Destroys the cache for the image(s)
in the process.
-t N_TASKS, --tasks N_TASKS
The number of build tasks to run in parallel, where
applicable. By default, only one task is run at a
time, as it can get very resource-intensive
-a [amd64,arm64], --architecture [amd64,arm64]
Comma-separated list of architectures to build/push.
Uses all supported architectures for each image by
default.
Default config (YAML) files are located directly in the cc_images package. Different
files can be used by setting several environment variables:
CC_IMAGES_CONFIG: Overrides images.yamlCC_SITES_CONFIG: Overrides sites.yamlCC_THIRD_PARTY_ELEMENTS_CONFIG: Overrides third-party.yaml
Building is triggered by the -b/--build flag. When a build is triggered, cc-images evaluates
which images should be built at start time. It will build whichever images requested
by the positional arguments, and may also build additional images if it improves cache efficiency
for the requested images.
Any images which don't depend on each other will be built in parallel if the number specified
by -t
is greater than 1. These dependencies (and other configurations) are decided
by images.yaml, not the element hierarchy.
Some images may rely on remote files which are not easily downloadable from their source locations
(For example, a tarball which requires one to accept an EULA on a webpage before downloading). These
files can be uploaded to an object store, and then defined as artifacts
in images.yaml. Artifacts defined there will be automatically downloaded
and emplaced within the build cache for appropriate images. It is up to the elements which require
these artifacts to implement how they are used beyond that.
cc-images caches very aggressively and does not delete images after they've been pushed. Be warned
that it will eat up a lot of disk space if many different images are built without clearing the
cache.
You can use qemu emulation to build ARM images on x86 systems, however, it is significantly slower. If you still wish to do so (or don't have access to an arm system) make sure to install the qemu static binaries for arm emulation:
sudo apt install qemu-user-static binfmt-support
And then configure it:
sudo update-binfmts --enable qemu-aarch64
After that you should be able to build the arm images using cc-images.py specifying
arm64 as the architecture.
However, on a system that takes around 5-7 minutes to build an x86 version of the Ubuntu24.04 image, it took about 2 hours and 5 minutes to build the arm image using qemu emulation:
INFO:cc_images.build:BUILD CC-Ubuntu24.04-ARM64: Build complete!
Parent: Waiting on 0 tasks...
INFO:__main__:Finished in 2:05:38.122256
Therefore, we strongly recommend you build arm images on arm systems rather than rely on qemu emulation.
To disable arm binaries and revert back to the native x86 binaries you can run:
sudo update-binfmts --disable qemu-aarch64
Push tasks are triggered by the -p/--push flag. When a push is triggered, it is queued
asynchronously just like builds. If a push is done alongside a build, or the requested image does
not exist in the cache, the push will wait for its image to be built before executing.
When images are pushed, they are transferred to a container in the object store. The container structure in the object store is:
<base container name>/<scope>/versions/<date>-<version>
The base container name is fixed and should be created manually ahead of time. The
default is chameleon-supported-images. The scope supports different images for production, staging,
and development. The initial implementation should only use prod for the scope. Future
iterations may add support for additional environments. The datetime is generated
automatically when the image is pushed.
When images are pushed, a new file called current is created in the scope level of the
container. This file contains the latest date-version that should be used for each image.
For example:
chameleon-supported-images/
chameleon-supported-images/prod/
chameleon-supported-images/prod/current
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v2
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v2/CC-Ubuntu24.04.manifest
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v2/CC-Ubuntu24.04.qcow2
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v1
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v1/CC-Ubuntu24.04.manifest
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v1/CC-Ubuntu24.04.qcow2
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v1/CC-Ubuntu22.04.manifest
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250304-v1/CC-Ubuntu22.04.qcow2
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250303-v1
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250303-v1/CC-Ubuntu24.04.manifest
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250303-v1/CC-Ubuntu24.04.qcow2
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250303-v1/CC-Ubuntu22.04.manifest
chameleon-supported-images/prod/versions/20250303-v1/CC-Ubuntu22.04.qcow2
In this case the contents of the current file would be:
{
"CC-Ubuntu24.04": "20250304-v2",
"CC-Ubuntu22.04": "20250304-v1"
}
cc-images is configured as an OpenStack client
using clouds.yaml
in a standard location. For testing, it is recommended to simply use your personal OpenStack account
on a dev site so that official images are not overwritten. If you need to test on a prod site, using
your personal account on a non-admin project should be safe since official images are uploaded by
admins under the openstack project.
Custom elements are bundled into this repo for convenience. Elements are built as close to OpenStack's guidelines as possible.
It's very simple to create a new image/element within cc-images. The element should simply be
defined under the elements directory, adhering as closely as possible
to OpenStack's guidelines
. The element can take dependencies on any elements already included in the elements
directory, elements defined by default
in diskimage-builder
, or imported third-party elements.
If the new element describes an image, the image must also be defined
in images.yaml in order for cc-images to build it.
New images built for Chameleon should always take a dependency on at least the cc-common element.
NOTE: ANY IMAGES BUILT BY THIS TOOL SHOULD NOT NECESSARILY BE EXPECTED TO WORK ANYWHERE EXCEPT CHAMELEON.
Third-party elements should simply be defined in third-party.yaml. Any
elements defined here will be automatically pulled and imported every time cc-images is run.
- Currently, CentOS images need to be built on a CentOS host
- CentOS CUDA images are non-functioning
- The Nvidia drivers are not loaded by the system
- The FPGA elements are untested and incomplete
- Work on these will continue on more-modern stable operating system then CentOS7