feat(trie): Add trie v1 support

[dimartiro]

Changes

More info in this discussion paritytech/substrate#11607 (comment)

This PR is based on:

#2665

• Decode header using variant struct of bits + bit mask
• Add empty variant header
• Remove now unneeded encodeRoot (taken care by new variant) - no compatibility change at all
• (Side change) more readable decode test cases
• Do not allow header 00000000 when decoding, if v0 is used (blocked by versioning PR)
• Make sure encoding and decoding new lines are test covered

#2641

• Add node headers
• Reject decoding new headers when using v0 state trie
• Proof verification to use compact encoding escape header
• Implement leaf with hashed subvalue
• Implement branch with hashed subvalue
• Support child tries upgrade
• Support proof generation/verification

#2774

• Version relevant trie calls (Put, Hash)
• Convert wasmer Core_version Version to typed trie.Version
• Adapt tests/test helpers to read the state version from the genesis runtime code

#2664

• Implement runtime functions
  • ext_trie_blake2_256_root_version_2
  • ext_trie_blake2_256_ordered_root_version_2
  • ext_trie_blake2_256_verify_proof_version_2
  • ext_default_child_storage_root_version_2
  • ext_storage_root_version_2
• Change version from 4 bytes pointed by pointer to uint8 read from uint32 4 bytes.
• Panic instead of logger.Error

General

• Add missing tests
• Fix unit tests
• Fix integration tests

Nice to have

#2912

Tests

go test ./lib/trie/... ./internal/trie/...

Issues

Closes #2418

Primary Reviewer

@timwu20

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #3276 (20af8f5) into development (e5b12f4) will increase coverage by 0.35%.
The diff coverage is 97.77%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff               @@
##           development    #3276      +/-   ##
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+ Coverage        50.79%   51.15%   +0.35%     
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  Files              223      224       +1     
  Lines            27906    27925      +19     
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+ Hits             14175    14285     +110     
+ Misses           12372    12276      -96     
- Partials          1359     1364       +5