The home of the Common Roman Missal Editio Typica Data Repository curated by the Catholic Open Source organization.
The Catholic Open Source Common Roman Missal Editio Typica Data Repository provides a canonicalized list of identifiers for all of the published editions of the Latin Roman Missal, whether the published edition is an Editio Typica or a revision of such.
The Roman Missal is the book containing the prescribed prayers, chants, and instructions for the celebration of Mass in the Roman Catholic Church. Published first in Latin under the title Missale Romanum, the text is then translated and, once approved by a recognitio by the Vatican Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, is published in modern languages for use in local churches throughout the world.
In the earliest centuries of the Church, there were no books containing prescribed liturgical prayers, texts, or other instructions. Because the faith of the Church was (and still is) articulated in liturgical prayer, there was a need for consistency and authenticity in the words used in the celebration of the Liturgy. Collections of prayers developed gradually for use in particular locations and situations such as for a particular monastery, for the Pope, or for other local churches. Such collections were contained in libelli ("booklets") which over centuries were drawn together into larger collections of prayers.
Eventually larger, more organized collections of prayers were assembled into "sacramentaries" (liber sacramentorum or sacramentarium), which contained some, but not all, of the prayers of the Mass. The earliest of these sacramentaries were attributed to Pope Leo I, "Leo the Great" (440-461), and Pope Gelasius (492-496), but surviving versions of those sacramentaries date from centuries later. Other early manuscripts (such as the Ordines Romani) contained detailed descriptions of the celebration of the Mass with the Pope in Rome.
Those written accounts may have gradually served as instructions or rubrics for the celebration of Mass in other settings. Liturgical books grew as they passed from one community (a local church, a diocese, a monastery, etc.) to another, often with prayers added in margins or in blank spaces. The process of sharing text was by copying by hand. This was a laborious task which at times led to inconsistencies and errors.
The first true liturgical books which could be called "missals" were found in monasteries beginning around the 12th and 13th Centuries. A missale contained not only the prayers but the biblical readings, the chants, and the rubrics for the celebration of Mass. It is difficult to trace exact origins of the first missal.
Since that time, to accommodate the ongoing evolution and development of the Liturgy, new editions of the Missale Romanum were promulgated by Popes for use in the Church.
| Year of publication | status | Reigning Pope | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1474 | – | Pope Sixtus IV | The first book bearing the name Missale Romanum was published 34 years after the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg (1440). |
| 1570 | – | Pope Pius V | Promulgated after the Council of Trent, obligatory throughout the Latin Church (except in cases where another rite had been in place for at least 200 years). |
| 1604 | Editio typica | Pope Clement VIII | |
| 1634 | Reimpressio emendata | Pope Urban VIII | |
| 1884 | Reimpressio emendata | Pope Leo XIII | |
| 1920 | Editio typica | Pope Benedict XV | Incorporates revisions promulgated by Pope Pius X |
| 1957 | Reimpressio emendata | Pope Pius XII | |
| 1962 | Editio typica | Pope John XXIII | Incorporates the revised Code of Rubrics which Pope Pius XII's commission had prepared |
| 1970 | Editio typica (prima) | Pope Paul VI | Promulgated by the apostolic constitution Missale Romanum in 1969 |
| 1971 | Reimpressio emendata | Pope Paul VI | |
| 1975 | Editio typica secunda | Pope Paul VI | |
| 2002 | Editio typica tertia | Pope John Paul II | |
| 2008 | Reimpressio emendata | Pope Benedict XVI |
| long form | short form |
|---|---|
missale_romanum_1474 |
mr1474 |
missale_romanum_1570 |
mr1570 |
missale_romanum_1604 |
mr1604 |
missale_romanum_1634 |
mr1634 |
missale_romanum_1884 |
mr1884 |
missale_romanum_1920 |
mr1920 |
missale_romanum_1957 |
mr1957 |
missale_romanum_1962 |
mr1962 |
missale_romanum_1970 |
mr1970 |
missale_romanum_1971 |
mr1971 |
missale_romanum_1975 |
mr1975 |
missale_romanum_2002 |
mr2002 |
missale_romanum_2008 |
mr2008 |
Seeing that starting with the Second Vatican Council, the liturgy has been celebrated in the vernacular, translations of the Roman Missal into various languages have been undertaken by various Bishops Conferences. Considering that these translations generally have value on a national or "wider region" level, the question is whether they can be identified using BCP47 language tags or similar.
For example, the English edition of the Roman Missal published in the United States in the year 2011
could be identified as missale_romanum_2011_en_US | mr2011_en_US. And an eventual Spanish version
of the same could be identified as missale_romanum_XXXX_es_US | mrXXXX_es_US.
However consideration will need to be taken to identify the actual current use cases, for example:
- do the Spanish speaking countries of Central / South America each publish their own language edition of the Roman Missal?
- does CELAM publish a single language edition of the Roman Missal, and each country / diocese adapts on a practical level when publishing the liturgical Ordo?