Skip to content

Update validation decentralization status #987

New issue

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

Open
wants to merge 4 commits into
base: main
Choose a base branch
from
Open
Changes from all commits
Commits
File filter

Filter by extension

Filter by extension

Conversations
Failed to load comments.
Loading
Jump to
Jump to file
Failed to load files.
Loading
Diff view
Diff view
64 changes: 14 additions & 50 deletions docs/state-of-progressive-decentralization.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -17,28 +17,32 @@ import DraftExpectationsPartial from '@site/docs/partials/\_draft-expectations-p

The following components determine the degree of decentralization for Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova:

1. **Chain ownership**
2. **Validator ownership**
3. **Sequencer ownership**
4. **Data Availability Committee (DAC) ownership** (applies only to <a data-quicklook-from='arbitrum-anytrust-protocol'>Arbitrum AnyTrust</a> chains like Arbitrum Nova).
1. [**Chain ownership**](#1-chain-ownership)
2. [**Validation decentralization status**](#2-validation-decentralization-status)
3. [**Sequencer ownership**](#3-sequencer-ownership)
4. [**Data Availability Committee ownership**](#4-data-availability-committee-ownership)

Let's evaluate the current status of these components for both Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova, beginning with <a data-quicklook-from='arbitrum-chain-owner'>chain ownership</a>.

### 1. Chain ownership

- **Description**: A chain's "owner" has the ability to change the protocol in various ways, including upgrading the core smart contracts, setting system parameters, and pausing the system.
- **Current status**: **Governed by Arbitrum DAO**. Chain ownership of both Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova is under the control of the Arbitrum governance system. The Arbitrum Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), made up of <a data-quicklook-from='arb'>$ARB</a> token-holders and <a data-quicklook-from='delegate'>delegates</a>, can carry out chain-owner operations through governance votes. The <a data-quicklook-from='security-council'>Security Council </a> can also carry out chain-owner operations; it can act quickly through a 9 of 12 <a data-quicklook-from='multisignature-wallet'>multisig wallet</a>, but only in critical emergency situations. The Security Council can also act slowly through a 9 of 12 multisig wallet in non-emergency situations to carry out routine and minor upgrades, such as minor bug fixes. The members of the Security Council (split by cohort) are <a data-quicklook-from='security-council-election'>elected</a> every six months by the Arbitrum DAO.
- **Current status**: **Governed by Arbitrum DAO**. Chain ownership of both Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova is under the control of the Arbitrum governance system. The Arbitrum Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO), made up of <a data-quicklook-from='arb'>`$ARB`</a> token-holders and <a data-quicklook-from='delegate'>delegates</a>, can carry out chain-owner operations through governance votes. The <a data-quicklook-from='security-council'>Security Council </a> can also carry out chain-owner operations; it can act quickly through a 9 of 12 <a data-quicklook-from='multisignature-wallet'>multisig wallet</a>, but only in critical emergency situations. The Security Council can also act slowly through a 9 of 12 multisig wallet in non-emergency situations to carry out routine and minor upgrades, such as minor bug fixes. The members of the Security Council (split by cohort) are <a data-quicklook-from='security-council-election'>elected</a> every six months by the Arbitrum DAO.
- **Risks**:
- If 9 of the Security Council members are compromised or behave maliciously, the system and users' funds could be compromised.
- If a malicious proposal is successfully put through DAO governance, or if 9 of the Security Council members are compromised or behave maliciously, the system's safety could be compromised. In either of these cases, users will have several weeks to withdraw their funds back to Ethereum before the proposal takes effect.
- **Changes To Current Status**: The governance system currently has the ability to alter governance itself.

### 2. Validator ownership
### 2. Validation decentralization status

- **Description**: Validators are responsible for confirming the valid state of the <a data-quicklook-from='arbitrum-chain'>Arbitrum chains</a> back on L1.
- **Current status**: **Permissioned** Validation on both Arbitrum One and Arbitrum Nova is currently allow-listed to a committee of public entities. You can see the list of validators [here](#allowlisted-validators). Governance currently has the power to change this status.

| Chain | Decentralization&nbsp;Status | Description |
|------------------------|------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| **Arbitrum&nbsp;One** | **Permissionless** | Validation on Arbitrum One now follows the BoLD protocol, any node implementing the BoLD protocol can join. You can learn more about BoLD in this [introduction to BoLD](https://docs.arbitrum.io/how-arbitrum-works/bold/gentle-introduction) |
| **Arbitrum&nbsp;Nova** | **Permissioned** | Arbitrum Nova remains permissioned as its Data Availability committee is a trusted one |

- **Risks**: If there is not a single honest active validator, and a malicious validator proposes an invalid state update, the system's safety could be compromised.
- **Changes to Current status**: The Arbitrum governance system (see #1) currently has the power to modify the Validator allow-list, such as by adding or removing members or removing the allow-list entirely.

### 3. Sequencer ownership

Expand All @@ -47,8 +51,9 @@ Let's evaluate the current status of these components for both Arbitrum One and
- **Risks**: The Sequencer has the ability to delay the inclusion of a user's transaction by up to 24 hours and reorder transactions over short time-horizons. The Sequencer, however, cannot compromise the system's safety or prevent a transaction from ultimately being executed.
- **Changes to Current status**: The Arbitrum governance system (see #1) currently has the power to elect a new entity as the Sequencer.

### 4. Data Availability Committee (DAC) ownership
### 4. Data Availability Committee ownership

DACs apply only to <a data-quicklook-from='arbitrum-anytrust-protocol'>Arbitrum AnyTrust</a> chains like Arbitrum Nova
:::note

This applies only to Arbitrum AnyTrust chains like Arbitrum Nova.
Expand All @@ -60,47 +65,6 @@ This applies only to Arbitrum AnyTrust chains like Arbitrum Nova.
- **Risks**: If 5 of the 6 committee members in conjunction with the Sequencer behave maliciously and collude, the safety of the system can be compromised.
- **Changes to Current status**: The Arbitrum governance system (see #1) currently has the power to change the DAC, such as by adding or removing members or modifying the power it has over the system.

### Allowlisted validators

import { AddressExplorerLink as AEL } from '@site/src/components/AddressExplorerLink'

These are the current [allowlisted validators](#2-validator-ownership) for every public Arbitrum chain:

#### Arbitrum One

- <AEL address={"0x0fF813f6BD577c3D1cDbE435baC0621BE6aE34B4"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x54c0D3d6C101580dB3be8763A2aE2c6bb9dc840c"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x56D83349c2B8DCF74d7E92D5b6B33d0BADD52D78"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x610Aa279989F440820e14248BD3879B148717974"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x6Fb914de4653eC5592B7c15F4d9466Cbd03F2104"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x758C6bB08B3ea5889B5cddbdeF9A45b3a983c398"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x7CF3d537733F6Ba4183A833c9B021265716cE9d0"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x83215480dB2C6A7E56f9E99EF93AB9B36F8A3DD5"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xAB1A39332e934300eBCc57B5f95cA90631a347FF"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xB0CB1384e3f4a9a9b2447e39b05e10631E1D34B0"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xF8D3E1cF58386c92B27710C6a0D8A54c76BC6ab5"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xdDf2F71Ab206C0138A8eceEb54386567D5abF01E"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xf59caf75e8A4bFBA4e6e07aD86C7E498E4d2519b"} chainID={1} />

#### Arbitrum Nova

- <AEL address={"0x1732BE6738117e9d22A84181AF68C8d09Cd4FF23"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x24Ca61c31C7f9Af3ab104dB6B9A444F28e9071e3"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x3B0369CAD35d257793F51c28213a4Cf4001397AC"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x54c0D3d6C101580dB3be8763A2aE2c6bb9dc840c"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x57004b440Cc4eb2FEd8c4d1865FaC907F9150C76"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0x658e8123722462F888b6fa01a7dbcEFe1D6DD709"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xDfB23DFE9De7dcC974467195C8B7D5cd21C9d7cB"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xE27d4Ed355e5273A3D4855c8e11BC4a8d3e39b87"} chainID={1} />
- <AEL address={"0xB51EDdfc9A945e2B909905e4F242C4796Ac0C61d"} chainID={1} />

#### Arbitrum Sepolia (testnet)

- <AEL address={"0x8a8f0a24d7e58a76FC8F77bb68C7c902b91e182e"} chainID={11155111} />
- <AEL address={"0x87630025E63A30eCf9Ca9d580d9D95922Fea6aF0"} chainID={11155111} />
- <AEL address={"0xC32B93e581db6EBc50C08ce381143A259B92f1ED"} chainID={11155111} />
- <AEL address={"0x88888Aa374dBDe60d26433E275aD700B65872063"} chainID={11155111} />

### Data Availability Committee members

These are the current members of the 5-of-6 [data availability committee (DAC)](#4-data-availability-committee-dac-ownership) in Arbitrum Nova:
Expand Down