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pack.c
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/**********************************************************************
pack.c -
$Author$
created at: Thu Feb 10 15:17:05 JST 1994
Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto
**********************************************************************/
#include "ruby/ruby.h"
#include "ruby/encoding.h"
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#define SIZE16 2
#define SIZE32 4
#if SIZEOF_SHORT != 2 || SIZEOF_LONG != 4
# define NATINT_PACK
#endif
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
# define BIGENDIAN_P 1
#else
# define BIGENDIAN_P 0
#endif
#ifdef NATINT_PACK
# define OFF16B(p) ((char*)(p) + (natint?0:(sizeof(short) - SIZE16)))
# define OFF32B(p) ((char*)(p) + (natint?0:(sizeof(long) - SIZE32)))
# define NATINT_LEN(type,len) (natint?(int)sizeof(type):(int)(len))
# ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
# define OFF16(p) OFF16B(p)
# define OFF32(p) OFF32B(p)
# endif
# define NATINT_HTOVS(x) (natint?htovs(x):htov16(x))
# define NATINT_HTOVL(x) (natint?htovl(x):htov32(x))
# define NATINT_HTONS(x) (natint?htons(x):hton16(x))
# define NATINT_HTONL(x) (natint?htonl(x):hton32(x))
#else
# define NATINT_LEN(type,len) ((int)sizeof(type))
# define NATINT_HTOVS(x) htovs(x)
# define NATINT_HTOVL(x) htovl(x)
# define NATINT_HTONS(x) htons(x)
# define NATINT_HTONL(x) htonl(x)
#endif
#ifndef OFF16
# define OFF16(p) (char*)(p)
# define OFF32(p) (char*)(p)
#endif
#ifndef OFF16B
# define OFF16B(p) (char*)(p)
# define OFF32B(p) (char*)(p)
#endif
#define define_swapx(x, xtype) \
static xtype \
TOKEN_PASTE(swap,x)(xtype z) \
{ \
xtype r; \
xtype *zp; \
unsigned char *s, *t; \
int i; \
\
zp = xmalloc(sizeof(xtype)); \
*zp = z; \
s = (unsigned char*)zp; \
t = xmalloc(sizeof(xtype)); \
for (i=0; i<sizeof(xtype); i++) { \
t[sizeof(xtype)-i-1] = s[i]; \
} \
r = *(xtype *)t; \
xfree(t); \
xfree(zp); \
return r; \
}
#ifndef swap16
#define swap16(x) ((((x)&0xFF)<<8) | (((x)>>8)&0xFF))
#endif
#ifndef swap32
#define swap32(x) ((((x)&0xFF)<<24) \
|(((x)>>24)&0xFF) \
|(((x)&0x0000FF00)<<8) \
|(((x)&0x00FF0000)>>8) )
#endif
#ifndef swap64
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8
#define swap64(x) ((((x)&0x00000000000000FFL)<<56) \
|(((x)&0xFF00000000000000L)>>56) \
|(((x)&0x000000000000FF00L)<<40) \
|(((x)&0x00FF000000000000L)>>40) \
|(((x)&0x0000000000FF0000L)<<24) \
|(((x)&0x0000FF0000000000L)>>24) \
|(((x)&0x00000000FF000000L)<<8) \
|(((x)&0x000000FF00000000L)>>8))
#elif defined(HAVE_LONG_LONG) && SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8
#define swap64(x) ((((x)&0x00000000000000FFLL)<<56) \
|(((x)&0xFF00000000000000LL)>>56) \
|(((x)&0x000000000000FF00LL)<<40) \
|(((x)&0x00FF000000000000LL)>>40) \
|(((x)&0x0000000000FF0000LL)<<24) \
|(((x)&0x0000FF0000000000LL)>>24) \
|(((x)&0x00000000FF000000LL)<<8) \
|(((x)&0x000000FF00000000LL)>>8))
#endif
#endif
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 2
#define swaps(x) swap16(x)
#else
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4
#define swaps(x) swap32(x)
#else
define_swapx(s,short)
#endif
#endif
#if SIZEOF_INT == 2
#define swapi(x) swap16(x)
#else
#if SIZEOF_INT == 4
#define swapi(x) swap32(x)
#else
define_swapx(i,int)
#endif
#endif
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 4
#define swapl(x) swap32(x)
#else
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8
#define swapl(x) swap64(x)
#else
define_swapx(l,long)
#endif
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
#if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 4
#define swapll(x) swap32(x)
#else
#if SIZEOF_LONG_LONG == 8
#define swapll(x) swap64(x)
#else
define_swapx(ll,LONG_LONG)
#endif
#endif
#endif
#if SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 4 /* SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4 == SIZEOF_LONG */
#define swapf(x) swapl(x)
#define FLOAT_SWAPPER unsigned long
#else
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4 /* SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4 == SIZEOF_SHORT */
#define swapf(x) swaps(x)
#define FLOAT_SWAPPER unsigned short
#else /* SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4 but undivide by known size of int */
define_swapx(f,float)
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4 */
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_LONG == 4 */
#else /* SIZEOF_FLOAT != 4 */
define_swapx(f,float)
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_FLOAT == 4 */
#if SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 8 /* SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8 == SIZEOF_LONG */
#define swapd(x) swapl(x)
#define DOUBLE_SWAPPER unsigned long
#else
#if SIZEOF_LONG == 4 /* SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8 && 4 == SIZEOF_LONG */
static double
swapd(const double d)
{
double dtmp = d;
unsigned long utmp[2];
unsigned long utmp0;
utmp[0] = 0; utmp[1] = 0;
memcpy(utmp,&dtmp,sizeof(double));
utmp0 = utmp[0];
utmp[0] = swapl(utmp[1]);
utmp[1] = swapl(utmp0);
memcpy(&dtmp,utmp,sizeof(double));
return dtmp;
}
#else
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4 /* SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8 && 4 == SIZEOF_SHORT */
static double
swapd(const double d)
{
double dtmp = d;
unsigned short utmp[2];
unsigned short utmp0;
utmp[0] = 0; utmp[1] = 0;
memcpy(utmp,&dtmp,sizeof(double));
utmp0 = utmp[0];
utmp[0] = swaps(utmp[1]);
utmp[1] = swaps(utmp0);
memcpy(&dtmp,utmp,sizeof(double));
return dtmp;
}
#else /* SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8 but undivide by known size of int */
define_swapx(d, double)
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_SHORT == 4 */
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_LONG == 4 */
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_LONG == 8 */
#else /* SIZEOF_DOUBLE != 8 */
define_swapx(d, double)
#endif /* #if SIZEOF_DOUBLE == 8 */
#undef define_swapx
#ifdef DYNAMIC_ENDIAN
#ifdef ntohs
#undef ntohs
#undef ntohl
#undef htons
#undef htonl
#endif
static int
endian(void)
{
static int init = 0;
static int endian_value;
char *p;
if (init) return endian_value;
init = 1;
p = (char*)&init;
return endian_value = p[0]?0:1;
}
#define ntohs(x) (endian()?(x):swaps(x))
#define ntohl(x) (endian()?(x):swapl(x))
#define ntohf(x) (endian()?(x):swapf(x))
#define ntohd(x) (endian()?(x):swapd(x))
#define htons(x) (endian()?(x):swaps(x))
#define htonl(x) (endian()?(x):swapl(x))
#define htonf(x) (endian()?(x):swapf(x))
#define htond(x) (endian()?(x):swapd(x))
#define htovs(x) (endian()?swaps(x):(x))
#define htovl(x) (endian()?swapl(x):(x))
#define htovf(x) (endian()?swapf(x):(x))
#define htovd(x) (endian()?swapd(x):(x))
#define vtohs(x) (endian()?swaps(x):(x))
#define vtohl(x) (endian()?swapl(x):(x))
#define vtohf(x) (endian()?swapf(x):(x))
#define vtohd(x) (endian()?swapd(x):(x))
# ifdef NATINT_PACK
#define htov16(x) (endian()?swap16(x):(x))
#define htov32(x) (endian()?swap32(x):(x))
#define hton16(x) (endian()?(x):swap16(x))
#define hton32(x) (endian()?(x):swap32(x))
# endif
#else
#ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
#ifndef ntohs
#define ntohs(x) (x)
#define ntohl(x) (x)
#define htons(x) (x)
#define htonl(x) (x)
#endif
#define ntohf(x) (x)
#define ntohd(x) (x)
#define htonf(x) (x)
#define htond(x) (x)
#define htovs(x) swaps(x)
#define htovl(x) swapl(x)
#define htovf(x) swapf(x)
#define htovd(x) swapd(x)
#define vtohs(x) swaps(x)
#define vtohl(x) swapl(x)
#define vtohf(x) swapf(x)
#define vtohd(x) swapd(x)
# ifdef NATINT_PACK
#define htov16(x) swap16(x)
#define htov32(x) swap32(x)
#define hton16(x) (x)
#define hton32(x) (x)
# endif
#else /* LITTLE ENDIAN */
#ifdef ntohs
#undef ntohs
#undef ntohl
#undef htons
#undef htonl
#endif
#define ntohs(x) swaps(x)
#define ntohl(x) swapl(x)
#define htons(x) swaps(x)
#define htonl(x) swapl(x)
#define ntohf(x) swapf(x)
#define ntohd(x) swapd(x)
#define htonf(x) swapf(x)
#define htond(x) swapd(x)
#define htovs(x) (x)
#define htovl(x) (x)
#define htovf(x) (x)
#define htovd(x) (x)
#define vtohs(x) (x)
#define vtohl(x) (x)
#define vtohf(x) (x)
#define vtohd(x) (x)
# ifdef NATINT_PACK
#define htov16(x) (x)
#define htov32(x) (x)
#define hton16(x) swap16(x)
#define hton32(x) swap32(x)
# endif
#endif
#endif
#ifdef FLOAT_SWAPPER
#define FLOAT_CONVWITH(y) FLOAT_SWAPPER y;
#define HTONF(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(float)), \
y = htonf((FLOAT_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(float)), \
x)
#define HTOVF(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(float)), \
y = htovf((FLOAT_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(float)), \
x)
#define NTOHF(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(float)), \
y = ntohf((FLOAT_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(float)), \
x)
#define VTOHF(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(float)), \
y = vtohf((FLOAT_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(float)), \
x)
#else
#define FLOAT_CONVWITH(y)
#define HTONF(x,y) htonf(x)
#define HTOVF(x,y) htovf(x)
#define NTOHF(x,y) ntohf(x)
#define VTOHF(x,y) vtohf(x)
#endif
#ifdef DOUBLE_SWAPPER
#define DOUBLE_CONVWITH(y) DOUBLE_SWAPPER y;
#define HTOND(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(double)), \
y = htond((DOUBLE_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(double)), \
x)
#define HTOVD(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(double)), \
y = htovd((DOUBLE_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(double)), \
x)
#define NTOHD(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(double)), \
y = ntohd((DOUBLE_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(double)), \
x)
#define VTOHD(x,y) (memcpy(&y,&x,sizeof(double)), \
y = vtohd((DOUBLE_SWAPPER)y), \
memcpy(&x,&y,sizeof(double)), \
x)
#else
#define DOUBLE_CONVWITH(y)
#define HTOND(x,y) htond(x)
#define HTOVD(x,y) htovd(x)
#define NTOHD(x,y) ntohd(x)
#define VTOHD(x,y) vtohd(x)
#endif
unsigned long rb_big2ulong_pack(VALUE x);
static unsigned long
num2i32(VALUE x)
{
x = rb_to_int(x); /* is nil OK? (should not) */
if (FIXNUM_P(x)) return FIX2LONG(x);
if (TYPE(x) == T_BIGNUM) {
return rb_big2ulong_pack(x);
}
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't convert %s to `integer'", rb_obj_classname(x));
return 0; /* not reached */
}
#if SIZEOF_LONG == SIZE32
# define EXTEND32(x)
#else
/* invariant in modulo 1<<31 */
# define EXTEND32(x) do { if (!natint) {(x) = (((1L<<31)-1-(x))^~(~0L<<31));}} while(0)
#endif
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == SIZE16
# define EXTEND16(x)
#else
# define EXTEND16(x) do { if (!natint) {(x) = (short)(((1<<15)-1-(x))^~(~0<<15));}} while(0)
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
# define QUAD_SIZE SIZEOF_LONG_LONG
#else
# define QUAD_SIZE 8
#endif
static const char toofew[] = "too few arguments";
static void encodes(VALUE,const char*,long,int,int);
static void qpencode(VALUE,VALUE,long);
static unsigned long utf8_to_uv(const char*,long*);
/*
* call-seq:
* arr.pack ( aTemplateString ) -> aBinaryString
*
* Packs the contents of <i>arr</i> into a binary sequence according to
* the directives in <i>aTemplateString</i> (see the table below)
* Directives ``A,'' ``a,'' and ``Z'' may be followed by a count,
* which gives the width of the resulting field. The remaining
* directives also may take a count, indicating the number of array
* elements to convert. If the count is an asterisk
* (``<code>*</code>''), all remaining array elements will be
* converted. Any of the directives ``<code>sSiIlL</code>'' may be
* followed by an underscore (``<code>_</code>'') to use the underlying
* platform's native size for the specified type; otherwise, they use a
* platform-independent size. Spaces are ignored in the template
* string. See also <code>String#unpack</code>.
*
* a = [ "a", "b", "c" ]
* n = [ 65, 66, 67 ]
* a.pack("A3A3A3") #=> "a b c "
* a.pack("a3a3a3") #=> "a\000\000b\000\000c\000\000"
* n.pack("ccc") #=> "ABC"
*
* Directives for +pack+.
*
* Directive Meaning
* ---------------------------------------------------------------
* @ | Moves to absolute position
* A | arbitrary binary string (space padded, count is width)
* a | arbitrary binary string (null padded, count is width)
* B | Bit string (descending bit order)
* b | Bit string (ascending bit order)
* C | Unsigned byte (C unsigned char)
* c | Byte (C char)
* D, d | Double-precision float, native format
* E | Double-precision float, little-endian byte order
* e | Single-precision float, little-endian byte order
* F, f | Single-precision float, native format
* G | Double-precision float, network (big-endian) byte order
* g | Single-precision float, network (big-endian) byte order
* H | Hex string (high nibble first)
* h | Hex string (low nibble first)
* I | Unsigned integer
* i | Integer
* L | Unsigned long
* l | Long
* M | Quoted printable, MIME encoding (see RFC2045)
* m | Base64 encoded string (see RFC 2045, count is width)
* | (if count is 0, no line feed are added, see RFC 4648)
* N | Long, network (big-endian) byte order
* n | Short, network (big-endian) byte-order
* P | Pointer to a structure (fixed-length string)
* p | Pointer to a null-terminated string
* Q, q | 64-bit number
* S | Unsigned short
* s | Short
* U | UTF-8
* u | UU-encoded string
* V | Long, little-endian byte order
* v | Short, little-endian byte order
* w | BER-compressed integer
* X | Back up a byte
* x | Null byte
* Z | Same as ``a'', except that null is added with *
*/
static VALUE
pack_pack(VALUE ary, VALUE fmt)
{
static const char nul10[] = "\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0";
static const char spc10[] = " ";
const char *p, *pend;
VALUE res, from, associates = 0;
char type;
long items, len, idx, plen;
const char *ptr;
int enc_info = 1; /* 0 - BINARY, 1 - US-ASCII, 2 - UTF-8 */
#ifdef NATINT_PACK
int natint; /* native integer */
#endif
StringValue(fmt);
p = RSTRING_PTR(fmt);
pend = p + RSTRING_LEN(fmt);
res = rb_str_buf_new(0);
items = RARRAY_LEN(ary);
idx = 0;
#define TOO_FEW (rb_raise(rb_eArgError, toofew), 0)
#define THISFROM (items > 0 ? RARRAY_PTR(ary)[idx] : TOO_FEW)
#define NEXTFROM (items-- > 0 ? RARRAY_PTR(ary)[idx++] : TOO_FEW)
while (p < pend) {
if (RSTRING_PTR(fmt) + RSTRING_LEN(fmt) != pend) {
rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "format string modified");
}
type = *p++; /* get data type */
#ifdef NATINT_PACK
natint = 0;
#endif
if (ISSPACE(type)) continue;
if (type == '#') {
while ((p < pend) && (*p != '\n')) {
p++;
}
continue;
}
if (*p == '_' || *p == '!') {
static const char natstr[] = "sSiIlL";
if (strchr(natstr, type)) {
#ifdef NATINT_PACK
natint = 1;
#endif
p++;
}
else {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "'%c' allowed only after types %s", *p, natstr);
}
}
if (*p == '*') { /* set data length */
len = strchr("@Xxu", type) ? 0
: strchr("PMm", type) ? 1
: items;
p++;
}
else if (ISDIGIT(*p)) {
errno = 0;
len = STRTOUL(p, (char**)&p, 10);
if (errno) {
rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "pack length too big");
}
}
else {
len = 1;
}
switch (type) {
case 'U':
/* if encoding is US-ASCII, upgrade to UTF-8 */
if (enc_info == 1) enc_info = 2;
break;
case 'm': case 'M': case 'u':
/* keep US-ASCII (do nothing) */
break;
default:
/* fall back to BINARY */
enc_info = 0;
break;
}
switch (type) {
case 'A': case 'a': case 'Z':
case 'B': case 'b':
case 'H': case 'h':
from = NEXTFROM;
if (NIL_P(from)) {
ptr = "";
plen = 0;
}
else {
StringValue(from);
ptr = RSTRING_PTR(from);
plen = RSTRING_LEN(from);
OBJ_INFECT(res, from);
}
if (p[-1] == '*')
len = plen;
switch (type) {
case 'a': /* arbitrary binary string (null padded) */
case 'A': /* arbitrary binary string (ASCII space padded) */
case 'Z': /* null terminated string */
if (plen >= len) {
rb_str_buf_cat(res, ptr, len);
if (p[-1] == '*' && type == 'Z')
rb_str_buf_cat(res, nul10, 1);
}
else {
rb_str_buf_cat(res, ptr, plen);
len -= plen;
while (len >= 10) {
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (type == 'A')?spc10:nul10, 10);
len -= 10;
}
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (type == 'A')?spc10:nul10, len);
}
break;
case 'b': /* bit string (ascending) */
{
int byte = 0;
long i, j = 0;
if (len > plen) {
j = (len - plen + 1)/2;
len = plen;
}
for (i=0; i++ < len; ptr++) {
if (*ptr & 1)
byte |= 128;
if (i & 7)
byte >>= 1;
else {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
byte = 0;
}
}
if (len & 7) {
char c;
byte >>= 7 - (len & 7);
c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
}
len = j;
goto grow;
}
break;
case 'B': /* bit string (descending) */
{
int byte = 0;
long i, j = 0;
if (len > plen) {
j = (len - plen + 1)/2;
len = plen;
}
for (i=0; i++ < len; ptr++) {
byte |= *ptr & 1;
if (i & 7)
byte <<= 1;
else {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
byte = 0;
}
}
if (len & 7) {
char c;
byte <<= 7 - (len & 7);
c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
}
len = j;
goto grow;
}
break;
case 'h': /* hex string (low nibble first) */
{
int byte = 0;
long i, j = 0;
if (len > plen) {
j = (len + 1) / 2 - (plen + 1) / 2;
len = plen;
}
for (i=0; i++ < len; ptr++) {
if (ISALPHA(*ptr))
byte |= (((*ptr & 15) + 9) & 15) << 4;
else
byte |= (*ptr & 15) << 4;
if (i & 1)
byte >>= 4;
else {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
byte = 0;
}
}
if (len & 1) {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
}
len = j;
goto grow;
}
break;
case 'H': /* hex string (high nibble first) */
{
int byte = 0;
long i, j = 0;
if (len > plen) {
j = (len + 1) / 2 - (plen + 1) / 2;
len = plen;
}
for (i=0; i++ < len; ptr++) {
if (ISALPHA(*ptr))
byte |= ((*ptr & 15) + 9) & 15;
else
byte |= *ptr & 15;
if (i & 1)
byte <<= 4;
else {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
byte = 0;
}
}
if (len & 1) {
char c = byte & 0xff;
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, 1);
}
len = j;
goto grow;
}
break;
}
break;
case 'c': /* signed char */
case 'C': /* unsigned char */
while (len-- > 0) {
char c;
from = NEXTFROM;
c = (char)num2i32(from);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, &c, sizeof(char));
}
break;
case 's': /* signed short */
case 'S': /* unsigned short */
while (len-- > 0) {
short s;
from = NEXTFROM;
s = (short)num2i32(from);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF16(&s), NATINT_LEN(short,2));
}
break;
case 'i': /* signed int */
case 'I': /* unsigned int */
while (len-- > 0) {
int i;
from = NEXTFROM;
i = (int)num2i32(from);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&i, sizeof(int));
}
break;
case 'l': /* signed long */
case 'L': /* unsigned long */
while (len-- > 0) {
long l;
from = NEXTFROM;
l = num2i32(from);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF32(&l), NATINT_LEN(long,4));
}
break;
case 'q': /* signed quad (64bit) int */
case 'Q': /* unsigned quad (64bit) int */
while (len-- > 0) {
char tmp[QUAD_SIZE];
from = NEXTFROM;
rb_quad_pack(tmp, from);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&tmp, QUAD_SIZE);
}
break;
case 'n': /* unsigned short (network byte-order) */
while (len-- > 0) {
unsigned short s;
from = NEXTFROM;
s = (unsigned short)num2i32(from);
s = NATINT_HTONS(s);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF16(&s), NATINT_LEN(short,2));
}
break;
case 'N': /* unsigned long (network byte-order) */
while (len-- > 0) {
unsigned long l;
from = NEXTFROM;
l = num2i32(from);
l = NATINT_HTONL(l);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF32(&l), NATINT_LEN(long,4));
}
break;
case 'v': /* unsigned short (VAX byte-order) */
while (len-- > 0) {
unsigned short s;
from = NEXTFROM;
s = (unsigned short)num2i32(from);
s = NATINT_HTOVS(s);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF16(&s), NATINT_LEN(short,2));
}
break;
case 'V': /* unsigned long (VAX byte-order) */
while (len-- > 0) {
unsigned long l;
from = NEXTFROM;
l = num2i32(from);
l = NATINT_HTOVL(l);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, OFF32(&l), NATINT_LEN(long,4));
}
break;
case 'f': /* single precision float in native format */
case 'F': /* ditto */
while (len-- > 0) {
float f;
from = NEXTFROM;
f = (float)RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&f, sizeof(float));
}
break;
case 'e': /* single precision float in VAX byte-order */
while (len-- > 0) {
float f;
FLOAT_CONVWITH(ftmp);
from = NEXTFROM;
f = (float)RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
f = HTOVF(f,ftmp);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&f, sizeof(float));
}
break;
case 'E': /* double precision float in VAX byte-order */
while (len-- > 0) {
double d;
DOUBLE_CONVWITH(dtmp);
from = NEXTFROM;
d = RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
d = HTOVD(d,dtmp);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&d, sizeof(double));
}
break;
case 'd': /* double precision float in native format */
case 'D': /* ditto */
while (len-- > 0) {
double d;
from = NEXTFROM;
d = RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&d, sizeof(double));
}
break;
case 'g': /* single precision float in network byte-order */
while (len-- > 0) {
float f;
FLOAT_CONVWITH(ftmp);
from = NEXTFROM;
f = (float)RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
f = HTONF(f,ftmp);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&f, sizeof(float));
}
break;
case 'G': /* double precision float in network byte-order */
while (len-- > 0) {
double d;
DOUBLE_CONVWITH(dtmp);
from = NEXTFROM;
d = RFLOAT_VALUE(rb_to_float(from));
d = HTOND(d,dtmp);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)&d, sizeof(double));
}
break;
case 'x': /* null byte */
grow:
while (len >= 10) {
rb_str_buf_cat(res, nul10, 10);
len -= 10;
}
rb_str_buf_cat(res, nul10, len);
break;
case 'X': /* back up byte */
shrink:
plen = RSTRING_LEN(res);
if (plen < len)
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "X outside of string");
rb_str_set_len(res, plen - len);
break;
case '@': /* null fill to absolute position */
len -= RSTRING_LEN(res);
if (len > 0) goto grow;
len = -len;
if (len > 0) goto shrink;
break;
case '%':
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%% is not supported");
break;
case 'U': /* Unicode character */
while (len-- > 0) {
SIGNED_VALUE l;
char buf[8];
int le;
from = NEXTFROM;
from = rb_to_int(from);
l = NUM2LONG(from);
if (l < 0) {
rb_raise(rb_eRangeError, "pack(U): value out of range");
}
le = rb_uv_to_utf8(buf, l);
rb_str_buf_cat(res, (char*)buf, le);
}
break;
case 'u': /* uuencoded string */
case 'm': /* base64 encoded string */
from = NEXTFROM;
StringValue(from);
ptr = RSTRING_PTR(from);
plen = RSTRING_LEN(from);
if (len == 0 && type == 'm') {
encodes(res, ptr, plen, type, 0);
ptr += plen;
break;
}
if (len <= 2)
len = 45;
else
len = len / 3 * 3;
while (plen > 0) {
long todo;
if (plen > len)
todo = len;
else
todo = plen;
encodes(res, ptr, todo, type, 1);
plen -= todo;
ptr += todo;
}
break;
case 'M': /* quoted-printable encoded string */
from = rb_obj_as_string(NEXTFROM);
if (len <= 1)
len = 72;
qpencode(res, from, len);
break;
case 'P': /* pointer to packed byte string */
from = THISFROM;
if (!NIL_P(from)) {
StringValue(from);
if (RSTRING_LEN(from) < len) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "too short buffer for P(%ld for %ld)",
RSTRING_LEN(from), len);
}
}
len = 1;
/* FALL THROUGH */
case 'p': /* pointer to string */
while (len-- > 0) {
char *t;
from = NEXTFROM;
if (NIL_P(from)) {
t = 0;
}
else {
t = StringValuePtr(from);
}
if (!associates) {