posix: implement `posix_trace_timedgetnext_event()`

[ycsin]

This is part of the See POSIX Roadmap for LTSv3 (RFC #51211).

posix_trace_timedgetnext_event() is required as part of _POSIX_TIMEOUTS Option Group.

For more information, please refer to https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/posix_trace_timedgetnext_event.html

[raghav9-97]

I am new to Zephyr and would like to take up on this issue if no one else is working on this currently, I am still trying to wrap my head around the POSIX trace standard but would need some help to implement it. Need a heads up to continue on this one.

[cfriedt]

POSIX tracing is removed completely in the 2024 standard. In the 2008 revision it was already marked as obsolescent.

I think it's fair to close this ticket.