db-migrations.md

layout	language	version	title	keywords
default	cs-cz	4.0	Database Migrations	database, migrations, schema, tables, columns

Database Migrations

---


NOTE: Phalcon migrations have been removed from DevTools and moved to a separate repository. {: .alert .alert-info }

Package git repository

https://github.com/phalcon/migrations

Requirements

• PHP >= 7.2
• Phalcon >= 4.0.5

Installing via Composer

composer require --dev phalcon/migrations

Quick start

What you need for quick start:

• Configuration file in root of your project (you can also pass them as parameters inside CLI environment)
• Create database tables structure
• Execute command to generate migrations

After that you can execute that migrations (run) in another environment to create same DB structure.

Create configuration file

<?php

use Phalcon\Config;

return new Config([
    'database' => [
        'adapter' => 'mysql',
        'host' => '127.0.0.1',
        'username' => 'root',
        'password' => '',
        'dbname' => 'db-name',
        'charset' => 'utf8',
    ],
    'application' => [
        'logInDb' => true,
        'migrationsDir' => 'db/migrations',
        'migrationsTsBased' => true, // true - Use TIMESTAMP as version name, false - use versions
        'exportDataFromTables' => [
            // Tables names
            // Attention! It will export data every new migration
        ],
    ],
]);

Generate migrations

Basic generation

vendor/bin/phalcon-migrations generate

**Generate specific table and export data from it

vendor/bin/phalcon-migrations generate \
    --config=migrations.php \
    --table=users \
    --exportDataFromTables=users \
    --data=oncreate

Run migrations

vendor/bin/phalcon-migrations run

List existing migrations

vendor/bin/phalcon-migrations list

Usage example

Run migrations from specific migrations directory

use Phalcon\Migrations\Migrations;

$migration = new Migrations();
$migration::run([
    'migrationsDir' => [
        __DIR__ . '/migrations',
    ],
    'config' => [
        'database' => [
            'adapter' => 'Mysql',
            'host' => 'phalcon-db-mysql',
            'username' => 'root',
            'password' => 'root',
            'dbname' => 'vokuro',
        ],
    ]
]);

Migration methods

Each migration is an separate class that works as an entity for specific database table. Inside each class there are different methods that can occur during migration running.

Each migration file (and class) can implement specific methods, that will be executed based on the operation requested. There are no restrictions on the logic encapsulated in each method.

The tables below show the Migration Class methods. They are stored by order of execution, earliest to latest.

Running to up

Method name	Description
morph	Morph table structure
afterCreateTable	Make something immediately after table was created
up	Table is created and ready to work with
afterUp	Extra method to work for some specific cases

Running to down

Method name	Description
down	Normally you put here table drop or data truncation
aferDown	Extra method to work after all was cleaned up
morph (from previous migration)	As migration was moved backward, there need to be all returned to previous state

CLI Arguments and options

Arguments

Argument	Description
generate	Generate a Migration
run	Run a Migration
list	List all available migrations

Options

Akce	Description
--config=s	Configuration file
--migrations=s	Migrations directory. Use comma separated string to specify multiple directories
--directory=s	Directory where the project was created
--table=s	Table to migrate. Table name or table prefix with asterisk. Default: all
--version=s	Version to migrate
--descr=s	Migration description (used for timestamp based migration)
--data=s	Export data ['always' or 'oncreate'] (Data is imported during migration run)
--exportDataFromTables=s	Export data from specific tables, use comma separated string.
--force	Forces to overwrite existing migrations
--ts-based	Timestamp based migration version
--log-in-db	Keep migrations log in the database table rather then in file
--dry	Attempt requested operation without making changes to system (Generating only)
--verbose	Output of debugging information during operation (Running only)
--no-auto-increment	Disable auto increment (Generating only)
--skip-ref-schema	Skip referencedSchema inside generated migration (Generating only)
--skip-foreign-checks	Wrap SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS query before and after execution of a query (Running only)
--help	Shows this help

Timestamp based migrations

Using this approach is useful when more than one developer is participating in the database structure management. Use 'migrationsTsBased' => true in config file or --ts-based option in CLI environment. Also, you need to specify suffix descr, which could be anything you want, for example: semantic version.

Current command

vendor/bin/phalcon-migrations generate --ts-based --descr=1.0.0

Will produce folder name with such names

• 1582539287636860_1.0.0
• 1682539471102635_1.0.0
• 1782539471102635_1.0.0

Migrations will be executed from oldest to newest.

NOTE: Whenever migrations are run, the application scans all available migrations and their status irrespective of their "age". If one or more were not executed in a previous run, they will be executed in the next run. {: .alert .alert-info }