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<html>
<head>
<title>NuttX</title>
</head>
<body background="backgd.gif">
<hr><hr>
<table width ="100%">
<tr align="center" bgcolor="#e4e4e4">
<td>
<h1><big><font color="#3c34ec"><i>NuttX RTOS</i></font></big></h1>
<p>Last Updated: March 15, 2014</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<hr><hr>
<table width ="100%">
<tr bgcolor="#e4e4e4">
<td>
<h1>Table of Contents</h1>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<center><table width ="80%">
<tr>
<td>
<table>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#overview">Overview</a>.<br>
What is NuttX? Look at all those files and features... How can it be a tiny OS?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#group">NuttX Discussion Group</a>.<br>
Do you want to talk about NuttX features? Do you need some help? Problems? Bugs?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#downloads">Downloads</a>.<br>
Where can I get NuttX? What is the current development status?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#platforms">Supported Platforms</a>.<br>
What target platforms has NuttX been ported to?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#environments">Development Environments</a>.<br>
What kinds of host cross-development platforms can be used with NuttX?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#licensing">Licensing</a>.<br>
Are there any licensing restrictions for the use of NuttX? (Almost none)
Will there be problems if I link my proprietary code with NuttX? (No)
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/nuttx/nuttx-6.31/">Release Notes</a>
What has changed in the last release of NuttX?
What has changed in previous releases of NuttX?
Are there any <a href="#changelogs">unreleased changes</a>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#TODO">Bugs, Issues, <i>Things-To-Do</i></a>.<br>
Software is never finished nor ever tested well enough.
(Do you want to help develop NuttX? If so, send me an email).
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#documentation">Other Documentation</a>.<br>
What other NuttX documentation is available?
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td>
<a href="#trademarks">Trademarks</a>.<br>
Some of the words used in this document belong to other people.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table></center>
<table width ="100%">
<tr bgcolor="#e4e4e4">
<td>
<a name="overview"><h1>Overview</h1></a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<b>Goals</b>.
NuttX is a real timed embedded operating system (RTOS).
Its goals are:
<p>
<center><table width="90%">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Small Footprint</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
Usable in all but the tightest micro-controller environments,
The focus is on the tiny-to-small, deeply embedded environment.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Rich Feature OS Set</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
The goal is to provide implementations of most standard POSIX OS interfaces
to support a rich, multi-threaded development environment for deeply embedded
processors.
</p>
NON-GOALS: (1) It is not a goal to provide the level of OS features like those provided by Linux.
In order to work with smaller MCUs, small footprint must be more important than an extensive feature set.
But standard compliance is more important than small footprint.
Surely a smaller RTOS could be produced by ignoring standards.
Think of NuttX is a tiny Linux work-alike with a much reduced feature set.
(2) There is no MMU-based support for processes.
At present, NuttX assumes a flat address space.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Highly Scalable</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
Fully scalable from tiny (8-bit) to moderate embedded (32-bit).
Scalability with rich feature set is accomplished with:
Many tiny source files, link from static libraries, highly configurable, use of
weak symbols when available.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Standards Compliance</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
NuttX strives to achieve a high degree of standards compliance.
The primary governing standards are POSIX and ANSI standards.
Additional standard APIs from Unix and other common RTOS's are
adopted for functionality not available under these standards
or for functionality that is not appropriate for the deeply-embedded
RTOS (such as <code>fork()</code>).
</p>
<p>
Because of this standards conformance, software developed under other
standard OSs (such as Linux) should port easily to NuttX.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Real-Time</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
Fully pre-emptible, fixed priority and round-robin scheduling.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Totally Open</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
Non-restrictive BSD license.
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>GNU Toolchains</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
Compatible GNU toolchains based on <a href="http://buildroot.uclibc.org/">buildroot</a>
available for
<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/">download</a>
to provide a complete development environment for many architectures.
</p>
</tr>
</table></center>
<p>
<b>Feature Set</b>.
Key features of NuttX include:
<p>
<center><table width="90%">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Standards Compliant Core Task Management</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Fully pre-emptible.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Naturally scalable.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Highly configurable.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
Easily extensible to new processor architectures, SoC architecture, or board architectures.
A <a href="NuttxPortingGuide.html">Porting Guide</a> is available.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>FIFO and round-robin scheduling.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Realtime, deterministic, with support for priority inheritance</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>POSIX/ANSI-like task controls, named message queues, counting semaphores, clocks/timers, signals, pthreads, environment variables, filesystem.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>VxWorks-like task management and watchdog timers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>BSD socket interface.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Extensions to manage pre-emption.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Optional tasks with address environments (<i>Processes</i>).</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Inheritable "controlling terminals" and I/O re-direction.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>On-demand paging.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<li>System logging.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>May be built either as an open, flat embedded RTOS or as a separately built, secure, monolithic kernel with a system call interface.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Built-in, per-thread CPU load measurments.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Well documented in the NuttX <a href="NuttxUserGuide.html">User Guide</a>.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>File system</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Tiny, in-memory, root pseudo-file-system.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Virtual file system supports drivers and mountpoints.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
Mount-able volumes. Bind mountpoint, filesystem, and block device driver.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Generic system logging (SYSLOG) support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
FAT12/16/32 filesystem support with optional FAT long file name support<small><sup>1</sup></small>.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
NFS Client. Client side support for a Network File System (NFS, version 3, UDP).
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
NXFFS. The tiny NuttX wear-leveling FLASH file system.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
SMART. FLASH file system from Ken Pettit.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>ROMFS filesystem support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>BINFS pseudo-filesystem support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li><code>procfs/</code> pseudo-filesystem support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
A <a href="NuttXBinfmt.html">binary loader</a> with support for the following formats:
<ul>
<li>Separately linked ELF modules.</li>
<li>
Separately linked <a href="NuttXNxFlat.html">NXFLAT</a> modules.
NXFLAT is a binary format that can be XIP from a file system.
</li>
<li>
"Built-In" applications.</li>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>PATH variable support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>File transfers via TFTP and FTP (<code>get</code> and <code>put</code>), HTML (<code>wget</code>), and Zmodem (<code>sz</code> and <code>rz</code>).</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p><small>
<sup>1</sup>
FAT long file name support may be subject to certain Microsoft patent restrictions if enabled.
See the top-level <code>COPYING</code> file for details.
</small></p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Device Drivers</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Supports character and block drivers as well as specialized driver interfaces.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
Network, USB (host), USB (device), serial, I2C, I2S, NAND, CAN, ADC, DAC, PWM, Quadrature Encoder, Wireless, and watchdog timer driver architectures.
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
RAMDISK, pipes, FIFO, <code>/dev/null</code>, <code>/dev/zero</code>, <code>/dev/random</code>, and loop drivers.
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Generic driver for SPI-based or SDIO-based MMC/SD/SDH cards.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Graphics: frambuffer drivers, graphic- and segment-LCD drivers.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Audio subsystem: CODECs, audio input and output drivers. Command line and graphic media player applications.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li><a href="NuttxPortingGuide.html#pwrmgmt">Power management</a> sub-system.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>ModBus support provided by built-in <a href="http://freemodbus.berlios.de/">FreeModBus</a> version 1.5.0.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>C/C++ Libraries</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Standard C Library Fully integrated into the OS.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Includes floating point support via a Standard Math Library.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Add-on <a href="http://cxx.uclibc.org/">uClibc++</a> module provides Standard C++ Library (LGPL).</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Networking</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>TCP/IP, UDP, ICMP, IGMPv2 (client) stacks.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>SLIP</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>A port cJSON</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Small footprint (based on uIP).</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>BSD compatible socket layer.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Networking utilities (DHCP server and client, SMTP client, TELNET client, FTP server and client, TFTP client, HTTP server and client, NTP client).
Inheritable TELNET sessions (as "controlling terminal")</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
NFS Client. Client side support for a Network File System (NFS, version 3, UDP).
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
A NuttX port of Jeff Poskanzer's <a href="http://acme.com/software/thttpd">THTTPD</a> HTTP server
integrated with the NuttX <a href="NuttXBinfmt.html">binary loader</a> to provide true, embedded CGI.
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
UDP Network Discover (Contributed by Richard Cochran).
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
XML RPC Server (Contributed by Richard Cochran).
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
Support for networking modules (e.g., the TI CC3000 WLAN module).
</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>FLASH Support</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li><i>MTD</i>-inspired interface for <i>M</i>emory <i>T</i>echnology <i>D</i>evices.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>NAND support.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li><i>FTL</i>. Simple <i>F</i>lash <i>T</i>ranslation <i>L</i>ayer support file systems on FLASH.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>NXFFS. the NuttX wear-leveling FLASH file system.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Support for SPI-based FLASH and FRAM devices.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>USB Host Support</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>USB host architecture for USB host controller drivers and device-dependent USB class drivers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>USB host controller drivers available for the NXP LPC17xx.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Device-dependent USB class drivers available for USB mass storage, HID keyboard, and HID mouse.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>USB Device Support</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li><i>Gadget</i>-like architecture for USB device controller drivers and device-dependent USB class drivers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>USB device controller drivers available for the PIC32, NXP LPC17xx, LPC214x, LPC313x, LPC43xx, STMicro STM32 and TI DM320.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Device-dependent USB class drivers available for USB serial (CDC/ACM and a PL2303 emulation), for USB mass storage, and for a composite CDC/ACM and mass storage device.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Built-in <a href="UsbTrace.html">USB device</a> and USB host trace functionality for non-invasive USB debug.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Graphics Support</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Framebuffer drivers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Graphic LCD drivers for both parallel and SPI LCDs and OLEDs.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Segment LCD drivers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
NX: A graphics library, tiny windowing system and tiny font support that works with either framebuffer or LCD drivers.
Documented in the <a href="NXGraphicsSubsystem.html">NX Graphics Subsystem</a>
manual.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Font management sub-system.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
<a href="NxWidgets.html">NxWidgets</a>: NXWidgets is library of graphic objects, or "widgets," (labels, buttons, text boxes, images, sliders, progress bars, etc.). NXWidgets is written in C++ and integrates seamlessly with the NuttX NX graphics and font management subsystems.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>
<a href="NxWidgets.html">NxWM</a>: NxWM is the tiny NuttX window manager based on NX and NxWidgets.
</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Input Devices</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Touchscreen, USB keyboard, GPIO-based buttons and keypads. </li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Analog Devices</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Support for Analog-to-Digital conversion (ADC), Digital-to-Analog conversion (DAC), multiplexers, and amplifiers.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Motor Control</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>Pulse width modulation (PWM) / Pulse count modulation.</li>
</p>
</tr>
</table></center>
<p>
<b>NuttX Add-Ons</b>.
The following packages are available to extend the basic NuttX feature set:
</p>
<center><table width="90%">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>NuttShell (NSH)</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>A small, scalable, bash-like shell for NuttX with rich feature set and small footprint.
See the <a href="NuttShell.html">NuttShell User Guide</a>.</li>
</p>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22"><img height="20" width="20" src="favicon.ico"></td>
<td bgcolor="#5eaee1">
<b>Pascal Compiler with NuttX runtime P-Code interpreter add-on</b>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><br></td>
<td>
<p>
<li>The Pascal add-on is available for download from the
<a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/">SourceForge</a>
website.</li>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table></center>
<p>
<b>Look at all those files and features... How can it be a tiny OS?</b>.
The NuttX feature list (above) is fairly long and if you look at the NuttX
source tree, you will see that there are hundreds of source files comprising
NuttX. How can NuttX be a tiny OS with all of that?
</p>
<center><table width="90%">