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python.gram
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# PEG grammar for Python
@trailer '''
void *
_PyPegen_parse(Parser *p)
{
// Initialize keywords
p->keywords = reserved_keywords;
p->n_keyword_lists = n_keyword_lists;
p->soft_keywords = soft_keywords;
// Run parser
void *result = NULL;
if (p->start_rule == Py_file_input) {
result = file_rule(p);
} else if (p->start_rule == Py_single_input) {
result = interactive_rule(p);
} else if (p->start_rule == Py_eval_input) {
result = eval_rule(p);
} else if (p->start_rule == Py_func_type_input) {
result = func_type_rule(p);
}
return result;
}
'''
# ========================= START OF THE GRAMMAR =========================
# General grammatical elements and rules:
#
# * Strings with double quotes (") denote SOFT KEYWORDS
# * Strings with single quotes (') denote KEYWORDS
# * Upper case names (NAME) denote tokens in the Grammar/Tokens file
# * Rule names starting with "invalid_" are used for specialized syntax errors
# - These rules are NOT used in the first pass of the parser.
# - Only if the first pass fails to parse, a second pass including the invalid
# rules will be executed.
# - If the parser fails in the second phase with a generic syntax error, the
# location of the generic failure of the first pass will be used (this avoids
# reporting incorrect locations due to the invalid rules).
# - The order of the alternatives involving invalid rules matter
# (like any rule in PEG).
#
# Grammar Syntax (see PEP 617 for more information):
#
# rule_name: expression
# Optionally, a type can be included right after the rule name, which
# specifies the return type of the C or Python function corresponding to the
# rule:
# rule_name[return_type]: expression
# If the return type is omitted, then a void * is returned in C and an Any in
# Python.
# e1 e2
# Match e1, then match e2.
# e1 | e2
# Match e1 or e2.
# The first alternative can also appear on the line after the rule name for
# formatting purposes. In that case, a | must be used before the first
# alternative, like so:
# rule_name[return_type]:
# | first_alt
# | second_alt
# ( e )
# Match e (allows also to use other operators in the group like '(e)*')
# [ e ] or e?
# Optionally match e.
# e*
# Match zero or more occurrences of e.
# e+
# Match one or more occurrences of e.
# s.e+
# Match one or more occurrences of e, separated by s. The generated parse tree
# does not include the separator. This is otherwise identical to (e (s e)*).
# &e
# Succeed if e can be parsed, without consuming any input.
# !e
# Fail if e can be parsed, without consuming any input.
# ~
# Commit to the current alternative, even if it fails to parse.
# &&e
# Eager parse e. The parser will not backtrack and will immediately
# fail with SyntaxError if e cannot be parsed.
#
# STARTING RULES
# ==============
file[mod_ty]: a=[statements] ENDMARKER { _PyPegen_make_module(p, a) }
interactive[mod_ty]: a=statement_newline { _PyAST_Interactive(a, p->arena) }
eval[mod_ty]: a=expressions NEWLINE* ENDMARKER { _PyAST_Expression(a, p->arena) }
func_type[mod_ty]: '(' a=[type_expressions] ')' '->' b=expression NEWLINE* ENDMARKER { _PyAST_FunctionType(a, b, p->arena) }
# GENERAL STATEMENTS
# ==================
statements[asdl_stmt_seq*]: a=statement+ { (asdl_stmt_seq*)_PyPegen_seq_flatten(p, a) }
statement[asdl_stmt_seq*]: a=compound_stmt { (asdl_stmt_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, a) } | a[asdl_stmt_seq*]=simple_stmts { a }
statement_newline[asdl_stmt_seq*]:
| a=compound_stmt NEWLINE { (asdl_stmt_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, a) }
| simple_stmts
| NEWLINE { (asdl_stmt_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, CHECK(stmt_ty, _PyAST_Pass(EXTRA))) }
| ENDMARKER { _PyPegen_interactive_exit(p) }
simple_stmts[asdl_stmt_seq*]:
| a=simple_stmt !';' NEWLINE { (asdl_stmt_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, a) } # Not needed, there for speedup
| a[asdl_stmt_seq*]=';'.simple_stmt+ [';'] NEWLINE { a }
# NOTE: assignment MUST precede expression, else parsing a simple assignment
# will throw a SyntaxError.
simple_stmt[stmt_ty] (memo):
| assignment
| &"type" type_alias
| e=star_expressions { _PyAST_Expr(e, EXTRA) }
| &'return' return_stmt
| &('import' | 'from') import_stmt
| &'raise' raise_stmt
| 'pass' { _PyAST_Pass(EXTRA) }
| &'del' del_stmt
| &'yield' yield_stmt
| &'assert' assert_stmt
| 'break' { _PyAST_Break(EXTRA) }
| 'continue' { _PyAST_Continue(EXTRA) }
| &'global' global_stmt
| &'nonlocal' nonlocal_stmt
compound_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_compound_stmt
| &('def' | '@' | 'async') function_def
| &'if' if_stmt
| &('class' | '@') class_def
| &('with' | 'async') with_stmt
| &('for' | 'async') for_stmt
| &'try' try_stmt
| &'while' while_stmt
| match_stmt
# SIMPLE STATEMENTS
# =================
# NOTE: annotated_rhs may start with 'yield'; yield_expr must start with 'yield'
assignment[stmt_ty]:
| a=NAME ':' b=expression c=['=' d=annotated_rhs { d }] {
CHECK_VERSION(
stmt_ty,
6,
"Variable annotation syntax is",
_PyAST_AnnAssign(CHECK(expr_ty, _PyPegen_set_expr_context(p, a, Store)), b, c, 1, EXTRA)
) }
| a=('(' b=single_target ')' { b }
| single_subscript_attribute_target) ':' b=expression c=['=' d=annotated_rhs { d }] {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 6, "Variable annotations syntax is", _PyAST_AnnAssign(a, b, c, 0, EXTRA)) }
| a[asdl_expr_seq*]=(z=star_targets '=' { z })+ b=(yield_expr | star_expressions) !'=' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] {
_PyAST_Assign(a, b, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA) }
| a=single_target b=augassign ~ c=(yield_expr | star_expressions) {
_PyAST_AugAssign(a, b->kind, c, EXTRA) }
| invalid_assignment
annotated_rhs[expr_ty]: yield_expr | star_expressions
augassign[AugOperator*]:
| '+=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Add) }
| '-=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Sub) }
| '*=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Mult) }
| '@=' { CHECK_VERSION(AugOperator*, 5, "The '@' operator is", _PyPegen_augoperator(p, MatMult)) }
| '/=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Div) }
| '%=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Mod) }
| '&=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, BitAnd) }
| '|=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, BitOr) }
| '^=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, BitXor) }
| '<<=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, LShift) }
| '>>=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, RShift) }
| '**=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, Pow) }
| '//=' { _PyPegen_augoperator(p, FloorDiv) }
return_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| 'return' a=[star_expressions] { _PyAST_Return(a, EXTRA) }
raise_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| 'raise' a=expression b=['from' z=expression { z }] { _PyAST_Raise(a, b, EXTRA) }
| 'raise' { _PyAST_Raise(NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
global_stmt[stmt_ty]: 'global' a[asdl_expr_seq*]=','.NAME+ {
_PyAST_Global(CHECK(asdl_identifier_seq*, _PyPegen_map_names_to_ids(p, a)), EXTRA) }
nonlocal_stmt[stmt_ty]: 'nonlocal' a[asdl_expr_seq*]=','.NAME+ {
_PyAST_Nonlocal(CHECK(asdl_identifier_seq*, _PyPegen_map_names_to_ids(p, a)), EXTRA) }
del_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| 'del' a=del_targets &(';' | NEWLINE) { _PyAST_Delete(a, EXTRA) }
| invalid_del_stmt
yield_stmt[stmt_ty]: y=yield_expr { _PyAST_Expr(y, EXTRA) }
assert_stmt[stmt_ty]: 'assert' a=expression b=[',' z=expression { z }] { _PyAST_Assert(a, b, EXTRA) }
import_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_import
| import_name
| import_from
# Import statements
# -----------------
import_name[stmt_ty]: 'import' a=dotted_as_names { _PyAST_Import(a, EXTRA) }
# note below: the ('.' | '...') is necessary because '...' is tokenized as ELLIPSIS
import_from[stmt_ty]:
| 'from' a=('.' | '...')* b=dotted_name 'import' c=import_from_targets {
_PyAST_ImportFrom(b->v.Name.id, c, _PyPegen_seq_count_dots(a), EXTRA) }
| 'from' a=('.' | '...')+ 'import' b=import_from_targets {
_PyAST_ImportFrom(NULL, b, _PyPegen_seq_count_dots(a), EXTRA) }
import_from_targets[asdl_alias_seq*]:
| '(' a=import_from_as_names [','] ')' { a }
| import_from_as_names !','
| '*' { (asdl_alias_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, CHECK(alias_ty, _PyPegen_alias_for_star(p, EXTRA))) }
| invalid_import_from_targets
import_from_as_names[asdl_alias_seq*]:
| a[asdl_alias_seq*]=','.import_from_as_name+ { a }
import_from_as_name[alias_ty]:
| a=NAME b=['as' z=NAME { z }] { _PyAST_alias(a->v.Name.id,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Name.id : NULL,
EXTRA) }
dotted_as_names[asdl_alias_seq*]:
| a[asdl_alias_seq*]=','.dotted_as_name+ { a }
dotted_as_name[alias_ty]:
| a=dotted_name b=['as' z=NAME { z }] { _PyAST_alias(a->v.Name.id,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Name.id : NULL,
EXTRA) }
dotted_name[expr_ty]:
| a=dotted_name '.' b=NAME { _PyPegen_join_names_with_dot(p, a, b) }
| NAME
# COMPOUND STATEMENTS
# ===================
# Common elements
# ---------------
block[asdl_stmt_seq*] (memo):
| NEWLINE INDENT a=statements DEDENT { a }
| simple_stmts
| invalid_block
decorators[asdl_expr_seq*]: a[asdl_expr_seq*]=('@' f=named_expression NEWLINE { f })+ { a }
# Class definitions
# -----------------
class_def[stmt_ty]:
| a=decorators b=class_def_raw { _PyPegen_class_def_decorators(p, a, b) }
| class_def_raw
class_def_raw[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_class_def_raw
| 'class' a=NAME t=[type_params] b=['(' z=[arguments] ')' { z }] ':' c=block {
_PyAST_ClassDef(a->v.Name.id,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Call.args : NULL,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Call.keywords : NULL,
c, NULL, t, EXTRA) }
# Function definitions
# --------------------
function_def[stmt_ty]:
| d=decorators f=function_def_raw { _PyPegen_function_def_decorators(p, d, f) }
| function_def_raw
function_def_raw[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_def_raw
| 'def' n=NAME t=[type_params] '(' params=[params] ')' a=['->' z=expression { z }] ':' tc=[func_type_comment] b=block {
_PyAST_FunctionDef(n->v.Name.id,
(params) ? params : CHECK(arguments_ty, _PyPegen_empty_arguments(p)),
b, NULL, a, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), t, EXTRA) }
| 'async' 'def' n=NAME t=[type_params] '(' params=[params] ')' a=['->' z=expression { z }] ':' tc=[func_type_comment] b=block {
CHECK_VERSION(
stmt_ty,
5,
"Async functions are",
_PyAST_AsyncFunctionDef(n->v.Name.id,
(params) ? params : CHECK(arguments_ty, _PyPegen_empty_arguments(p)),
b, NULL, a, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), t, EXTRA)
) }
# Function parameters
# -------------------
params[arguments_ty]:
| invalid_parameters
| parameters
parameters[arguments_ty]:
| a=slash_no_default b[asdl_arg_seq*]=param_no_default* c=param_with_default* d=[star_etc] {
CHECK_VERSION(arguments_ty, 8, "Positional-only parameters are", _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, a, NULL, b, c, d)) }
| a=slash_with_default b=param_with_default* c=[star_etc] {
CHECK_VERSION(arguments_ty, 8, "Positional-only parameters are", _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, a, NULL, b, c)) }
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=param_no_default+ b=param_with_default* c=[star_etc] {
_PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, a, b, c) }
| a=param_with_default+ b=[star_etc] { _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, NULL, a, b)}
| a=star_etc { _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, a) }
# Some duplication here because we can't write (',' | &')'),
# which is because we don't support empty alternatives (yet).
slash_no_default[asdl_arg_seq*]:
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=param_no_default+ '/' ',' { a }
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=param_no_default+ '/' &')' { a }
slash_with_default[SlashWithDefault*]:
| a=param_no_default* b=param_with_default+ '/' ',' { _PyPegen_slash_with_default(p, (asdl_arg_seq *)a, b) }
| a=param_no_default* b=param_with_default+ '/' &')' { _PyPegen_slash_with_default(p, (asdl_arg_seq *)a, b) }
star_etc[StarEtc*]:
| invalid_star_etc
| '*' a=param_no_default b=param_maybe_default* c=[kwds] {
_PyPegen_star_etc(p, a, b, c) }
| '*' a=param_no_default_star_annotation b=param_maybe_default* c=[kwds] {
_PyPegen_star_etc(p, a, b, c) }
| '*' ',' b=param_maybe_default+ c=[kwds] {
_PyPegen_star_etc(p, NULL, b, c) }
| a=kwds { _PyPegen_star_etc(p, NULL, NULL, a) }
kwds[arg_ty]:
| invalid_kwds
| '**' a=param_no_default { a }
# One parameter. This *includes* a following comma and type comment.
#
# There are three styles:
# - No default
# - With default
# - Maybe with default
#
# There are two alternative forms of each, to deal with type comments:
# - Ends in a comma followed by an optional type comment
# - No comma, optional type comment, must be followed by close paren
# The latter form is for a final parameter without trailing comma.
#
param_no_default[arg_ty]:
| a=param ',' tc=TYPE_COMMENT? { _PyPegen_add_type_comment_to_arg(p, a, tc) }
| a=param tc=TYPE_COMMENT? &')' { _PyPegen_add_type_comment_to_arg(p, a, tc) }
param_no_default_star_annotation[arg_ty]:
| a=param_star_annotation ',' tc=TYPE_COMMENT? { _PyPegen_add_type_comment_to_arg(p, a, tc) }
| a=param_star_annotation tc=TYPE_COMMENT? &')' { _PyPegen_add_type_comment_to_arg(p, a, tc) }
param_with_default[NameDefaultPair*]:
| a=param c=default ',' tc=TYPE_COMMENT? { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, tc) }
| a=param c=default tc=TYPE_COMMENT? &')' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, tc) }
param_maybe_default[NameDefaultPair*]:
| a=param c=default? ',' tc=TYPE_COMMENT? { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, tc) }
| a=param c=default? tc=TYPE_COMMENT? &')' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, tc) }
param[arg_ty]: a=NAME b=annotation? { _PyAST_arg(a->v.Name.id, b, NULL, EXTRA) }
param_star_annotation[arg_ty]: a=NAME b=star_annotation { _PyAST_arg(a->v.Name.id, b, NULL, EXTRA) }
annotation[expr_ty]: ':' a=expression { a }
star_annotation[expr_ty]: ':' a=star_expression { a }
default[expr_ty]: '=' a=expression { a } | invalid_default
# If statement
# ------------
if_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_if_stmt
| 'if' a=named_expression ':' b=block c=elif_stmt {
_PyAST_If(a, b, CHECK(asdl_stmt_seq*, _PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, c)), EXTRA) }
| 'if' a=named_expression ':' b=block c=[else_block] { _PyAST_If(a, b, c, EXTRA) }
elif_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_elif_stmt
| 'elif' a=named_expression ':' b=block c=elif_stmt {
_PyAST_If(a, b, CHECK(asdl_stmt_seq*, _PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, c)), EXTRA) }
| 'elif' a=named_expression ':' b=block c=[else_block] { _PyAST_If(a, b, c, EXTRA) }
else_block[asdl_stmt_seq*]:
| invalid_else_stmt
| 'else' &&':' b=block { b }
# While statement
# ---------------
while_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_while_stmt
| 'while' a=named_expression ':' b=block c=[else_block] { _PyAST_While(a, b, c, EXTRA) }
# For statement
# -------------
for_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_for_stmt
| 'for' t=star_targets 'in' ~ ex=star_expressions ':' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] b=block el=[else_block] {
_PyAST_For(t, ex, b, el, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA) }
| 'async' 'for' t=star_targets 'in' ~ ex=star_expressions ':' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] b=block el=[else_block] {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 5, "Async for loops are", _PyAST_AsyncFor(t, ex, b, el, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA)) }
| invalid_for_target
# With statement
# --------------
with_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_with_stmt_indent
| 'with' '(' a[asdl_withitem_seq*]=','.with_item+ ','? ')' ':' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] b=block {
_PyAST_With(a, b, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA) }
| 'with' a[asdl_withitem_seq*]=','.with_item+ ':' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] b=block {
_PyAST_With(a, b, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA) }
| 'async' 'with' '(' a[asdl_withitem_seq*]=','.with_item+ ','? ')' ':' b=block {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 5, "Async with statements are", _PyAST_AsyncWith(a, b, NULL, EXTRA)) }
| 'async' 'with' a[asdl_withitem_seq*]=','.with_item+ ':' tc=[TYPE_COMMENT] b=block {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 5, "Async with statements are", _PyAST_AsyncWith(a, b, NEW_TYPE_COMMENT(p, tc), EXTRA)) }
| invalid_with_stmt
with_item[withitem_ty]:
| e=expression 'as' t=star_target &(',' | ')' | ':') { _PyAST_withitem(e, t, p->arena) }
| invalid_with_item
| e=expression { _PyAST_withitem(e, NULL, p->arena) }
# Try statement
# -------------
try_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| invalid_try_stmt
| 'try' &&':' b=block f=finally_block { _PyAST_Try(b, NULL, NULL, f, EXTRA) }
| 'try' &&':' b=block ex[asdl_excepthandler_seq*]=except_block+ el=[else_block] f=[finally_block] { _PyAST_Try(b, ex, el, f, EXTRA) }
| 'try' &&':' b=block ex[asdl_excepthandler_seq*]=except_star_block+ el=[else_block] f=[finally_block] {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 11, "Exception groups are",
_PyAST_TryStar(b, ex, el, f, EXTRA)) }
# Except statement
# ----------------
except_block[excepthandler_ty]:
| invalid_except_stmt_indent
| 'except' e=expression t=['as' z=NAME { z }] ':' b=block {
_PyAST_ExceptHandler(e, (t) ? ((expr_ty) t)->v.Name.id : NULL, b, EXTRA) }
| 'except' ':' b=block { _PyAST_ExceptHandler(NULL, NULL, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_except_stmt
except_star_block[excepthandler_ty]:
| invalid_except_star_stmt_indent
| 'except' '*' e=expression t=['as' z=NAME { z }] ':' b=block {
_PyAST_ExceptHandler(e, (t) ? ((expr_ty) t)->v.Name.id : NULL, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_except_stmt
finally_block[asdl_stmt_seq*]:
| invalid_finally_stmt
| 'finally' &&':' a=block { a }
# Match statement
# ---------------
match_stmt[stmt_ty]:
| "match" subject=subject_expr ':' NEWLINE INDENT cases[asdl_match_case_seq*]=case_block+ DEDENT {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 10, "Pattern matching is", _PyAST_Match(subject, cases, EXTRA)) }
| invalid_match_stmt
subject_expr[expr_ty]:
| value=star_named_expression ',' values=star_named_expressions? {
_PyAST_Tuple(CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, value, values)), Load, EXTRA) }
| named_expression
case_block[match_case_ty]:
| invalid_case_block
| "case" pattern=patterns guard=guard? ':' body=block {
_PyAST_match_case(pattern, guard, body, p->arena) }
guard[expr_ty]: 'if' guard=named_expression { guard }
patterns[pattern_ty]:
| patterns[asdl_pattern_seq*]=open_sequence_pattern {
_PyAST_MatchSequence(patterns, EXTRA) }
| pattern
pattern[pattern_ty]:
| as_pattern
| or_pattern
as_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| pattern=or_pattern 'as' target=pattern_capture_target {
_PyAST_MatchAs(pattern, target->v.Name.id, EXTRA) }
| invalid_as_pattern
or_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| patterns[asdl_pattern_seq*]='|'.closed_pattern+ {
asdl_seq_LEN(patterns) == 1 ? asdl_seq_GET(patterns, 0) : _PyAST_MatchOr(patterns, EXTRA) }
closed_pattern[pattern_ty] (memo):
| literal_pattern
| capture_pattern
| wildcard_pattern
| value_pattern
| group_pattern
| sequence_pattern
| mapping_pattern
| class_pattern
# Literal patterns are used for equality and identity constraints
literal_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| value=signed_number !('+' | '-') { _PyAST_MatchValue(value, EXTRA) }
| value=complex_number { _PyAST_MatchValue(value, EXTRA) }
| value=strings { _PyAST_MatchValue(value, EXTRA) }
| 'None' { _PyAST_MatchSingleton(Py_None, EXTRA) }
| 'True' { _PyAST_MatchSingleton(Py_True, EXTRA) }
| 'False' { _PyAST_MatchSingleton(Py_False, EXTRA) }
# Literal expressions are used to restrict permitted mapping pattern keys
literal_expr[expr_ty]:
| signed_number !('+' | '-')
| complex_number
| strings
| 'None' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_None, NULL, EXTRA) }
| 'True' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_True, NULL, EXTRA) }
| 'False' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_False, NULL, EXTRA) }
complex_number[expr_ty]:
| real=signed_real_number '+' imag=imaginary_number {
_PyAST_BinOp(real, Add, imag, EXTRA) }
| real=signed_real_number '-' imag=imaginary_number {
_PyAST_BinOp(real, Sub, imag, EXTRA) }
signed_number[expr_ty]:
| NUMBER
| '-' number=NUMBER { _PyAST_UnaryOp(USub, number, EXTRA) }
signed_real_number[expr_ty]:
| real_number
| '-' real=real_number { _PyAST_UnaryOp(USub, real, EXTRA) }
real_number[expr_ty]:
| real=NUMBER { _PyPegen_ensure_real(p, real) }
imaginary_number[expr_ty]:
| imag=NUMBER { _PyPegen_ensure_imaginary(p, imag) }
capture_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| target=pattern_capture_target { _PyAST_MatchAs(NULL, target->v.Name.id, EXTRA) }
pattern_capture_target[expr_ty]:
| !"_" name=NAME !('.' | '(' | '=') {
_PyPegen_set_expr_context(p, name, Store) }
wildcard_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| "_" { _PyAST_MatchAs(NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
value_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| attr=attr !('.' | '(' | '=') { _PyAST_MatchValue(attr, EXTRA) }
attr[expr_ty]:
| value=name_or_attr '.' attr=NAME {
_PyAST_Attribute(value, attr->v.Name.id, Load, EXTRA) }
name_or_attr[expr_ty]:
| attr
| NAME
group_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| '(' pattern=pattern ')' { pattern }
sequence_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| '[' patterns=maybe_sequence_pattern? ']' { _PyAST_MatchSequence(patterns, EXTRA) }
| '(' patterns=open_sequence_pattern? ')' { _PyAST_MatchSequence(patterns, EXTRA) }
open_sequence_pattern[asdl_seq*]:
| pattern=maybe_star_pattern ',' patterns=maybe_sequence_pattern? {
_PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, pattern, patterns) }
maybe_sequence_pattern[asdl_seq*]:
| patterns=','.maybe_star_pattern+ ','? { patterns }
maybe_star_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| star_pattern
| pattern
star_pattern[pattern_ty] (memo):
| '*' target=pattern_capture_target {
_PyAST_MatchStar(target->v.Name.id, EXTRA) }
| '*' wildcard_pattern {
_PyAST_MatchStar(NULL, EXTRA) }
mapping_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| '{' '}' {
_PyAST_MatchMapping(NULL, NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
| '{' rest=double_star_pattern ','? '}' {
_PyAST_MatchMapping(NULL, NULL, rest->v.Name.id, EXTRA) }
| '{' items=items_pattern ',' rest=double_star_pattern ','? '}' {
_PyAST_MatchMapping(
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_pattern_keys(p, items)),
CHECK(asdl_pattern_seq*, _PyPegen_get_patterns(p, items)),
rest->v.Name.id,
EXTRA) }
| '{' items=items_pattern ','? '}' {
_PyAST_MatchMapping(
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_pattern_keys(p, items)),
CHECK(asdl_pattern_seq*, _PyPegen_get_patterns(p, items)),
NULL,
EXTRA) }
items_pattern[asdl_seq*]:
| ','.key_value_pattern+
key_value_pattern[KeyPatternPair*]:
| key=(literal_expr | attr) ':' pattern=pattern {
_PyPegen_key_pattern_pair(p, key, pattern) }
double_star_pattern[expr_ty]:
| '**' target=pattern_capture_target { target }
class_pattern[pattern_ty]:
| cls=name_or_attr '(' ')' {
_PyAST_MatchClass(cls, NULL, NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
| cls=name_or_attr '(' patterns=positional_patterns ','? ')' {
_PyAST_MatchClass(cls, patterns, NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
| cls=name_or_attr '(' keywords=keyword_patterns ','? ')' {
_PyAST_MatchClass(
cls, NULL,
CHECK(asdl_identifier_seq*, _PyPegen_map_names_to_ids(p,
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_pattern_keys(p, keywords)))),
CHECK(asdl_pattern_seq*, _PyPegen_get_patterns(p, keywords)),
EXTRA) }
| cls=name_or_attr '(' patterns=positional_patterns ',' keywords=keyword_patterns ','? ')' {
_PyAST_MatchClass(
cls,
patterns,
CHECK(asdl_identifier_seq*, _PyPegen_map_names_to_ids(p,
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_pattern_keys(p, keywords)))),
CHECK(asdl_pattern_seq*, _PyPegen_get_patterns(p, keywords)),
EXTRA) }
| invalid_class_pattern
positional_patterns[asdl_pattern_seq*]:
| args[asdl_pattern_seq*]=','.pattern+ { args }
keyword_patterns[asdl_seq*]:
| ','.keyword_pattern+
keyword_pattern[KeyPatternPair*]:
| arg=NAME '=' value=pattern { _PyPegen_key_pattern_pair(p, arg, value) }
# Type statement
# ---------------
type_alias[stmt_ty]:
| "type" n=NAME t=[type_params] '=' b=expression {
CHECK_VERSION(stmt_ty, 12, "Type statement is",
_PyAST_TypeAlias(CHECK(expr_ty, _PyPegen_set_expr_context(p, n, Store)), t, b, EXTRA)) }
# Type parameter declaration
# --------------------------
type_params[asdl_type_param_seq*]:
| invalid_type_params
| '[' t=type_param_seq ']' {
CHECK_VERSION(asdl_type_param_seq *, 12, "Type parameter lists are", t) }
type_param_seq[asdl_type_param_seq*]: a[asdl_type_param_seq*]=','.type_param+ [','] { a }
type_param[type_param_ty] (memo):
| a=NAME b=[type_param_bound] c=[type_param_default] { _PyAST_TypeVar(a->v.Name.id, b, c, EXTRA) }
| '*' a=NAME colon=':' e=expression {
RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR_STARTING_FROM(colon, e->kind == Tuple_kind
? "cannot use constraints with TypeVarTuple"
: "cannot use bound with TypeVarTuple")
}
| '*' a=NAME b=[type_param_starred_default] { _PyAST_TypeVarTuple(a->v.Name.id, b, EXTRA) }
| '**' a=NAME colon=':' e=expression {
RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR_STARTING_FROM(colon, e->kind == Tuple_kind
? "cannot use constraints with ParamSpec"
: "cannot use bound with ParamSpec")
}
| '**' a=NAME b=[type_param_default] { _PyAST_ParamSpec(a->v.Name.id, b, EXTRA) }
type_param_bound[expr_ty]: ':' e=expression { e }
type_param_default[expr_ty]: '=' e=expression {
CHECK_VERSION(expr_ty, 13, "Type parameter defaults are", e) }
type_param_starred_default[expr_ty]: '=' e=star_expression {
CHECK_VERSION(expr_ty, 13, "Type parameter defaults are", e) }
# EXPRESSIONS
# -----------
expressions[expr_ty]:
| a=expression b=(',' c=expression { c })+ [','] {
_PyAST_Tuple(CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, a, b)), Load, EXTRA) }
| a=expression ',' { _PyAST_Tuple(CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, a)), Load, EXTRA) }
| expression
expression[expr_ty] (memo):
| invalid_expression
| invalid_legacy_expression
| a=disjunction 'if' b=disjunction 'else' c=expression { _PyAST_IfExp(b, a, c, EXTRA) }
| disjunction
| lambdef
yield_expr[expr_ty]:
| 'yield' 'from' a=expression { _PyAST_YieldFrom(a, EXTRA) }
| 'yield' a=[star_expressions] { _PyAST_Yield(a, EXTRA) }
star_expressions[expr_ty]:
| a=star_expression b=(',' c=star_expression { c })+ [','] {
_PyAST_Tuple(CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, a, b)), Load, EXTRA) }
| a=star_expression ',' { _PyAST_Tuple(CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, a)), Load, EXTRA) }
| star_expression
star_expression[expr_ty] (memo):
| '*' a=bitwise_or { _PyAST_Starred(a, Load, EXTRA) }
| expression
star_named_expressions[asdl_expr_seq*]: a[asdl_expr_seq*]=','.star_named_expression+ [','] { a }
star_named_expression[expr_ty]:
| '*' a=bitwise_or { _PyAST_Starred(a, Load, EXTRA) }
| named_expression
assignment_expression[expr_ty]:
| a=NAME ':=' ~ b=expression {
CHECK_VERSION(expr_ty, 8, "Assignment expressions are",
_PyAST_NamedExpr(CHECK(expr_ty, _PyPegen_set_expr_context(p, a, Store)), b, EXTRA)) }
named_expression[expr_ty]:
| assignment_expression
| invalid_named_expression
| expression !':='
disjunction[expr_ty] (memo):
| a=conjunction b=('or' c=conjunction { c })+ { _PyAST_BoolOp(
Or,
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, a, b)),
EXTRA) }
| conjunction
conjunction[expr_ty] (memo):
| a=inversion b=('and' c=inversion { c })+ { _PyAST_BoolOp(
And,
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, a, b)),
EXTRA) }
| inversion
inversion[expr_ty] (memo):
| 'not' a=inversion { _PyAST_UnaryOp(Not, a, EXTRA) }
| comparison
# Comparison operators
# --------------------
comparison[expr_ty]:
| a=bitwise_or b=compare_op_bitwise_or_pair+ {
_PyAST_Compare(
a,
CHECK(asdl_int_seq*, _PyPegen_get_cmpops(p, b)),
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_exprs(p, b)),
EXTRA) }
| bitwise_or
compare_op_bitwise_or_pair[CmpopExprPair*]:
| eq_bitwise_or
| noteq_bitwise_or
| lte_bitwise_or
| lt_bitwise_or
| gte_bitwise_or
| gt_bitwise_or
| notin_bitwise_or
| in_bitwise_or
| isnot_bitwise_or
| is_bitwise_or
eq_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: '==' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, Eq, a) }
noteq_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]:
| (tok='!=' { _PyPegen_check_barry_as_flufl(p, tok) ? NULL : tok}) a=bitwise_or {_PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, NotEq, a) }
lte_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: '<=' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, LtE, a) }
lt_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: '<' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, Lt, a) }
gte_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: '>=' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, GtE, a) }
gt_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: '>' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, Gt, a) }
notin_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: 'not' 'in' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, NotIn, a) }
in_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: 'in' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, In, a) }
isnot_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: 'is' 'not' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, IsNot, a) }
is_bitwise_or[CmpopExprPair*]: 'is' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_cmpop_expr_pair(p, Is, a) }
# Bitwise operators
# -----------------
bitwise_or[expr_ty]:
| a=bitwise_or '|' b=bitwise_xor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, BitOr, b, EXTRA) }
| bitwise_xor
bitwise_xor[expr_ty]:
| a=bitwise_xor '^' b=bitwise_and { _PyAST_BinOp(a, BitXor, b, EXTRA) }
| bitwise_and
bitwise_and[expr_ty]:
| a=bitwise_and '&' b=shift_expr { _PyAST_BinOp(a, BitAnd, b, EXTRA) }
| shift_expr
shift_expr[expr_ty]:
| a=shift_expr '<<' b=sum { _PyAST_BinOp(a, LShift, b, EXTRA) }
| a=shift_expr '>>' b=sum { _PyAST_BinOp(a, RShift, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_arithmetic
| sum
# Arithmetic operators
# --------------------
sum[expr_ty]:
| a=sum '+' b=term { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Add, b, EXTRA) }
| a=sum '-' b=term { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Sub, b, EXTRA) }
| term
term[expr_ty]:
| a=term '*' b=factor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Mult, b, EXTRA) }
| a=term '/' b=factor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Div, b, EXTRA) }
| a=term '//' b=factor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, FloorDiv, b, EXTRA) }
| a=term '%' b=factor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Mod, b, EXTRA) }
| a=term '@' b=factor { CHECK_VERSION(expr_ty, 5, "The '@' operator is", _PyAST_BinOp(a, MatMult, b, EXTRA)) }
| invalid_factor
| factor
factor[expr_ty] (memo):
| '+' a=factor { _PyAST_UnaryOp(UAdd, a, EXTRA) }
| '-' a=factor { _PyAST_UnaryOp(USub, a, EXTRA) }
| '~' a=factor { _PyAST_UnaryOp(Invert, a, EXTRA) }
| power
power[expr_ty]:
| a=await_primary '**' b=factor { _PyAST_BinOp(a, Pow, b, EXTRA) }
| await_primary
# Primary elements
# ----------------
# Primary elements are things like "obj.something.something", "obj[something]", "obj(something)", "obj" ...
await_primary[expr_ty] (memo):
| 'await' a=primary { CHECK_VERSION(expr_ty, 5, "Await expressions are", _PyAST_Await(a, EXTRA)) }
| primary
primary[expr_ty]:
| a=primary '.' b=NAME { _PyAST_Attribute(a, b->v.Name.id, Load, EXTRA) }
| a=primary b=genexp { _PyAST_Call(a, CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, (asdl_expr_seq*)_PyPegen_singleton_seq(p, b)), NULL, EXTRA) }
| a=primary '(' b=[arguments] ')' {
_PyAST_Call(a,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Call.args : NULL,
(b) ? ((expr_ty) b)->v.Call.keywords : NULL,
EXTRA) }
| a=primary '[' b=slices ']' { _PyAST_Subscript(a, b, Load, EXTRA) }
| atom
slices[expr_ty]:
| a=slice !',' { a }
| a[asdl_expr_seq*]=','.(slice | starred_expression)+ [','] { _PyAST_Tuple(a, Load, EXTRA) }
slice[expr_ty]:
| a=[expression] ':' b=[expression] c=[':' d=[expression] { d }] { _PyAST_Slice(a, b, c, EXTRA) }
| a=named_expression { a }
atom[expr_ty]:
| NAME
| 'True' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_True, NULL, EXTRA) }
| 'False' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_False, NULL, EXTRA) }
| 'None' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_None, NULL, EXTRA) }
| &(STRING|FSTRING_START) strings
| NUMBER
| &'(' (tuple | group | genexp)
| &'[' (list | listcomp)
| &'{' (dict | set | dictcomp | setcomp)
| '...' { _PyAST_Constant(Py_Ellipsis, NULL, EXTRA) }
group[expr_ty]:
| '(' a=(yield_expr | named_expression) ')' { a }
| invalid_group
# Lambda functions
# ----------------
lambdef[expr_ty]:
| 'lambda' a=[lambda_params] ':' b=expression {
_PyAST_Lambda((a) ? a : CHECK(arguments_ty, _PyPegen_empty_arguments(p)), b, EXTRA) }
lambda_params[arguments_ty]:
| invalid_lambda_parameters
| lambda_parameters
# lambda_parameters etc. duplicates parameters but without annotations
# or type comments, and if there's no comma after a parameter, we expect
# a colon, not a close parenthesis. (For more, see parameters above.)
#
lambda_parameters[arguments_ty]:
| a=lambda_slash_no_default b[asdl_arg_seq*]=lambda_param_no_default* c=lambda_param_with_default* d=[lambda_star_etc] {
CHECK_VERSION(arguments_ty, 8, "Positional-only parameters are", _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, a, NULL, b, c, d)) }
| a=lambda_slash_with_default b=lambda_param_with_default* c=[lambda_star_etc] {
CHECK_VERSION(arguments_ty, 8, "Positional-only parameters are", _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, a, NULL, b, c)) }
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=lambda_param_no_default+ b=lambda_param_with_default* c=[lambda_star_etc] {
_PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, a, b, c) }
| a=lambda_param_with_default+ b=[lambda_star_etc] { _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, NULL, a, b)}
| a=lambda_star_etc { _PyPegen_make_arguments(p, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, a) }
lambda_slash_no_default[asdl_arg_seq*]:
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=lambda_param_no_default+ '/' ',' { a }
| a[asdl_arg_seq*]=lambda_param_no_default+ '/' &':' { a }
lambda_slash_with_default[SlashWithDefault*]:
| a=lambda_param_no_default* b=lambda_param_with_default+ '/' ',' { _PyPegen_slash_with_default(p, (asdl_arg_seq *)a, b) }
| a=lambda_param_no_default* b=lambda_param_with_default+ '/' &':' { _PyPegen_slash_with_default(p, (asdl_arg_seq *)a, b) }
lambda_star_etc[StarEtc*]:
| invalid_lambda_star_etc
| '*' a=lambda_param_no_default b=lambda_param_maybe_default* c=[lambda_kwds] {
_PyPegen_star_etc(p, a, b, c) }
| '*' ',' b=lambda_param_maybe_default+ c=[lambda_kwds] {
_PyPegen_star_etc(p, NULL, b, c) }
| a=lambda_kwds { _PyPegen_star_etc(p, NULL, NULL, a) }
lambda_kwds[arg_ty]:
| invalid_lambda_kwds
| '**' a=lambda_param_no_default { a }
lambda_param_no_default[arg_ty]:
| a=lambda_param ',' { a }
| a=lambda_param &':' { a }
lambda_param_with_default[NameDefaultPair*]:
| a=lambda_param c=default ',' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, NULL) }
| a=lambda_param c=default &':' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, NULL) }
lambda_param_maybe_default[NameDefaultPair*]:
| a=lambda_param c=default? ',' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, NULL) }
| a=lambda_param c=default? &':' { _PyPegen_name_default_pair(p, a, c, NULL) }
lambda_param[arg_ty]: a=NAME { _PyAST_arg(a->v.Name.id, NULL, NULL, EXTRA) }
# LITERALS
# ========
fstring_middle[expr_ty]:
| fstring_replacement_field
| t=FSTRING_MIDDLE { _PyPegen_constant_from_token(p, t) }
fstring_replacement_field[expr_ty]:
| '{' a=annotated_rhs debug_expr='='? conversion=[fstring_conversion] format=[fstring_full_format_spec] rbrace='}' {
_PyPegen_formatted_value(p, a, debug_expr, conversion, format, rbrace, EXTRA) }
| invalid_replacement_field
fstring_conversion[ResultTokenWithMetadata*]:
| conv_token="!" conv=NAME { _PyPegen_check_fstring_conversion(p, conv_token, conv) }
fstring_full_format_spec[ResultTokenWithMetadata*]:
| colon=':' spec=fstring_format_spec* { _PyPegen_setup_full_format_spec(p, colon, (asdl_expr_seq *) spec, EXTRA) }
fstring_format_spec[expr_ty]:
| t=FSTRING_MIDDLE { _PyPegen_decoded_constant_from_token(p, t) }
| fstring_replacement_field
fstring[expr_ty]:
| a=FSTRING_START b=fstring_middle* c=FSTRING_END { _PyPegen_joined_str(p, a, (asdl_expr_seq*)b, c) }
string[expr_ty]: s[Token*]=STRING { _PyPegen_constant_from_string(p, s) }
strings[expr_ty] (memo): a[asdl_expr_seq*]=(fstring|string)+ { _PyPegen_concatenate_strings(p, a, EXTRA) }
list[expr_ty]:
| '[' a=[star_named_expressions] ']' { _PyAST_List(a, Load, EXTRA) }
tuple[expr_ty]:
| '(' a=[y=star_named_expression ',' z=[star_named_expressions] { _PyPegen_seq_insert_in_front(p, y, z) } ] ')' {
_PyAST_Tuple(a, Load, EXTRA) }
set[expr_ty]: '{' a=star_named_expressions '}' { _PyAST_Set(a, EXTRA) }
# Dicts
# -----
dict[expr_ty]:
| '{' a=[double_starred_kvpairs] '}' {
_PyAST_Dict(
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_keys(p, a)),
CHECK(asdl_expr_seq*, _PyPegen_get_values(p, a)),
EXTRA) }
| '{' invalid_double_starred_kvpairs '}'
double_starred_kvpairs[asdl_seq*]: a=','.double_starred_kvpair+ [','] { a }
double_starred_kvpair[KeyValuePair*]:
| '**' a=bitwise_or { _PyPegen_key_value_pair(p, NULL, a) }
| kvpair
kvpair[KeyValuePair*]: a=expression ':' b=expression { _PyPegen_key_value_pair(p, a, b) }
# Comprehensions & Generators
# ---------------------------
for_if_clauses[asdl_comprehension_seq*]:
| a[asdl_comprehension_seq*]=for_if_clause+ { a }
for_if_clause[comprehension_ty]:
| 'async' 'for' a=star_targets 'in' ~ b=disjunction c[asdl_expr_seq*]=('if' z=disjunction { z })* {
CHECK_VERSION(comprehension_ty, 6, "Async comprehensions are", _PyAST_comprehension(a, b, c, 1, p->arena)) }
| 'for' a=star_targets 'in' ~ b=disjunction c[asdl_expr_seq*]=('if' z=disjunction { z })* {
_PyAST_comprehension(a, b, c, 0, p->arena) }
| 'async'? 'for' (bitwise_or (',' bitwise_or)* [',']) !'in' {
RAISE_SYNTAX_ERROR("'in' expected after for-loop variables") }
| invalid_for_target
listcomp[expr_ty]:
| '[' a=named_expression b=for_if_clauses ']' { _PyAST_ListComp(a, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_comprehension
setcomp[expr_ty]:
| '{' a=named_expression b=for_if_clauses '}' { _PyAST_SetComp(a, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_comprehension
genexp[expr_ty]:
| '(' a=( assignment_expression | expression !':=') b=for_if_clauses ')' { _PyAST_GeneratorExp(a, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_comprehension
dictcomp[expr_ty]:
| '{' a=kvpair b=for_if_clauses '}' { _PyAST_DictComp(a->key, a->value, b, EXTRA) }
| invalid_dict_comprehension