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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Ancient Civilizations | Evolution of Technology</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" />
<style>
body.ancient {
background:
linear-gradient(120deg, #f5e6c6 70%, #e4d6b7 100%),
url("https://www.transparenttextures.com/patterns/papyrus.png");
background-blend-mode: lighten;
}
.ancient-header-art {
width: 100%;
max-width: 750px;
margin: 1.5rem auto 2.5rem auto;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: flex-end;
gap: 0.5rem;
opacity: 0.85;
}
.ancient-header-art svg {
height: 70px;
}
.ancient-header-art .egypt {
flex: 1 1 0;
}
.ancient-header-art .india {
flex: 1 1 0;
}
.ancient-header-art .china {
flex: 1 1 0;
}
.ancient-header-art .greece {
flex: 1 1 0;
}
.ancient-header-art .meso {
flex: 1 1 0;
}
.ancient-header-art svg text {
font-family: serif;
font-size: 20px;
}
.ancient-section-title {
font-family: "Georgia", serif;
color: #bfa142;
margin-top: 1.7em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
font-size: 1.3em;
letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.interactives > div {
background: #f7f0e6;
border: 2px solid #e4d6b7;
}
blockquote {
background: #fffbe6;
border-left: 4px solid #e4d6b7;
color: #bfa142;
}
</style>
<script>
document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
document.body.className = "ancient";
});
</script>
<script defer src="script.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<nav>
<a href="index.html" class="logo">Evolution of Technology</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="stone-age.html">Stone Age</a></li>
<li>
<a href="ancient.html" class="active"
>Ancient Civilizations</a
>
</li>
<li><a href="industrial.html">Industrial Revolution</a></li>
<li><a href="digital.html">Digital Era</a></li>
<li><a href="future.html">Future & Beyond</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
</header>
<main>
<div class="ancient-header-art">
<!-- Egypt: Pyramid & Sphinx -->
<span class="egypt">
<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">
<polygon
points="60,10 110,65 10,65"
fill="#e2c275"
stroke="#bfa142"
stroke-width="3"
/>
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/>
<rect
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width="10"
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rx="2"
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/>
</svg>
</span>
<!-- India: Stupa -->
<span class="india">
<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">
<ellipse
cx="60"
cy="60"
rx="30"
ry="10"
fill="#bfa142"
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<rect
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rx="2"
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</svg>
</span>
<!-- China: Pagoda -->
<span class="china">
<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">
<rect
x="50"
y="50"
width="20"
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fill="#bfa142"
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</svg>
</span>
<!-- Greece: Parthenon -->
<span class="greece">
<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">
<rect
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</svg>
</span>
<!-- Mesopotamia: Ziggurat -->
<span class="meso">
<svg viewBox="0 0 120 70">
<rect
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y="50"
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<rect
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y="30"
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height="10"
fill="#d4af37"
/>
</svg>
</span>
</div>
<h1>Ancient Civilizations</h1>
<p>
The rise of agriculture and urban centers led to the birth of
civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, China, Greece, and
beyond. These societies developed writing, mathematics,
architecture, and philosophy, laying the groundwork for all
later technological progress.
</p>
<div class="ancient-section-title">
Key Inventions & Achievements
</div>
<ul>
<li>
<b>Writing systems:</b> cuneiform, hieroglyphs, Sanskrit,
Chinese characters, Greek and Latin alphabets
</li>
<li>
<b>Mathematics & Astronomy:</b> zero and decimal system
(India), geometry (Egypt, Greece), calendars (Maya, China)
</li>
<li><b>Metallurgy:</b> bronze, iron, gold, copper</li>
<li>
<b>Engineering:</b> pyramids, ziggurats, aqueducts, roads,
arches, stupas, pagodas, columns
</li>
<li>
<b>Philosophy & Law:</b> Hammurabi’s Code, Confucianism,
Vedas, Greek philosophy
</li>
<li>
<b>Trade & Navigation:</b> Silk Road, maritime trade, coins,
abacus
</li>
</ul>
<div class="ancient-section-title">Interactive Demos</div>
<section class="interactives">
<div>
<h3>Pyramid Secret Chamber</h3>
<p>
Click the pyramid to reveal a hidden chamber, just as
archaeologists uncover secrets of the past.
</p>
<svg
id="pyramid"
width="140"
height="90"
viewBox="0 0 140 90"
style="cursor: pointer; display: block; margin: auto"
>
<polygon
id="pyramid-main"
points="70,15 130,75 10,75"
fill="#e2c275"
stroke="#bfa142"
stroke-width="3"
/>
<rect
id="chamber"
x="60"
y="50"
width="20"
height="25"
fill="#bdb2ff"
rx="4"
opacity="0"
/>
<text
x="70"
y="65"
text-anchor="middle"
fill="#fff"
font-size="12"
opacity="0"
id="chamber-text"
>
𓂀
</text>
</svg>
</div>
<div>
<h3>Cuneiform Typing Simulator</h3>
<p>
Type in the box to see your message appear as stylized
cuneiform symbols.
</p>
<input
id="cuneiform-input"
type="text"
maxlength="30"
placeholder="Type here..."
style="
width: 180px;
font-size: 1.1em;
margin-bottom: 0.5em;
"
/>
<div
id="cuneiform-output"
style="
font-size: 1.5em;
background: #f7f8fa;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.4em 0.8em;
min-height: 1.6em;
"
></div>
</div>
<div>
<h3>Abacus Counter</h3>
<p>
Click + or – to count, just like merchants in ancient
markets.
</p>
<svg
width="110"
height="50"
viewBox="0 0 110 50"
style="display: block; margin: auto"
>
<rect
x="10"
y="10"
width="90"
height="30"
rx="8"
fill="#e2c275"
/>
<rect
x="10"
y="22"
width="90"
height="6"
fill="#bfa142"
/>
<circle cx="25" cy="25" r="5" fill="#bdb2ff" />
<circle cx="45" cy="25" r="5" fill="#bdb2ff" />
<circle cx="65" cy="25" r="5" fill="#bdb2ff" />
<circle cx="85" cy="25" r="5" fill="#bdb2ff" />
</svg>
<button id="abacus-dec">–</button>
<span
id="abacus-value"
style="font-size: 1.2em; margin: 0 0.7em"
>0</span
>
<button id="abacus-inc">+</button>
</div>
</section>
<div class="ancient-section-title">Society & Culture</div>
<p>
Cities like Babylon, Thebes, Mohenjo-Daro, Athens, and Chang’an
flourished. Religion, law codes (Hammurabi), and trade networks
(Silk Road) shaped daily life. The Library of Alexandria became
a center of learning, and the earliest universities and
academies emerged. Ancient India gave us yoga, chess, and
Ayurveda; Egypt built pyramids and obelisks; China invented
paper and the compass; Greece and Rome gave us democracy,
philosophy, and the Olympics.
</p>
<blockquote>
<b>Fun Fact:</b> The Library of Alexandria was the largest in
the ancient world, holding up to 400,000 scrolls.
</blockquote>
<nav class="era-nav">
<a href="industrial.html">→ Next: Industrial Revolution</a>
</nav>
</main>
<footer>
<p>© 2025 Evolution of Technology</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>