diff --git a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver.rb b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver.rb
index 8efd0ee1e9..defb7804bb 100644
--- a/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver.rb
+++ b/python/lib/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver.rb
@@ -173,6 +173,10 @@ def handle_pip_compile_errors(error)
             raise GitDependenciesNotReachable, url
           end
 
+          raise Dependabot::OutOfDisk if error.message.end_with?("[Errno 28] No space left on device")
+
+          raise Dependabot::OutOfMemory if error.message.end_with?("MemoryError")
+
           raise
         end
         # rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
diff --git a/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver_spec.rb b/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver_spec.rb
index 531a4f3d34..066b5fc989 100644
--- a/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver_spec.rb
+++ b/python/spec/dependabot/python/update_checker/pip_compile_version_resolver_spec.rb
@@ -387,5 +387,43 @@
         end
       end
     end
+
+    context "that fails to resolve due to resource limits" do
+      context "because it ran out of disk space" do
+        before do
+          allow(Dependabot::SharedHelpers).
+            to receive(:run_shell_command).
+            and_raise(
+              Dependabot::SharedHelpers::HelperSubprocessFailed.new(
+                message: "OSError: [Errno 28] No space left on device",
+                error_context: {}
+              )
+            )
+        end
+
+        it "raises a helpful error" do
+          expect { subject }.
+            to raise_error(Dependabot::OutOfDisk)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "because it ran out of memory" do
+        before do
+          allow(Dependabot::SharedHelpers).
+            to receive(:run_shell_command).
+            and_raise(
+              Dependabot::SharedHelpers::HelperSubprocessFailed.new(
+                message: "MemoryError",
+                error_context: {}
+              )
+            )
+        end
+
+        it "raises a helpful error" do
+          expect { subject }.
+            to raise_error(Dependabot::OutOfMemory)
+        end
+      end
+    end
   end
 end