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devices.txt
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0 Unnamed devices (e.g. non-device mounts)
0 = reserved as null device number
See block major 144, 145, 146 for expansion areas.
1 char Memory devices
1 = /dev/mem Physical memory access
2 = /dev/kmem OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
3 = /dev/null Null device
4 = /dev/port I/O port access
5 = /dev/zero Null byte source
6 = /dev/core OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/kcore
7 = /dev/full Returns ENOSPC on write
8 = /dev/random Nondeterministic random number gen.
9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's, reads
export the buffered printk records.
12 = /dev/oldmem OBSOLETE - replaced by /proc/vmcore
1 block RAM disk
0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
...
250 = /dev/initrd Initial RAM disk
Older kernels had /dev/ramdisk (1, 1) here.
/dev/initrd refers to a RAM disk which was preloaded
by the boot loader; newer kernels use /dev/ram0 for
the initrd.
2 char Pseudo-TTY masters
0 = /dev/ptyp0 First PTY master
1 = /dev/ptyp1 Second PTY master
...
255 = /dev/ptyef 256th PTY master
Pseudo-tty's are named as follows:
* Masters are "pty", slaves are "tty";
* the fourth letter is one of pqrstuvwxyzabcde indicating
the 1st through 16th series of 16 pseudo-ttys each, and
* the fifth letter is one of 0123456789abcdef indicating
the position within the series.
These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
demand.
2 block Floppy disks
0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
2 = /dev/fd2 Controller 0, drive 2, autodetect
3 = /dev/fd3 Controller 0, drive 3, autodetect
128 = /dev/fd4 Controller 1, drive 0, autodetect
129 = /dev/fd5 Controller 1, drive 1, autodetect
130 = /dev/fd6 Controller 1, drive 2, autodetect
131 = /dev/fd7 Controller 1, drive 3, autodetect
To specify format, add to the autodetect device number:
0 = /dev/fd? Autodetect format
4 = /dev/fd?d360 5.25" 360K in a 360K drive(1)
20 = /dev/fd?h360 5.25" 360K in a 1200K drive(1)
48 = /dev/fd?h410 5.25" 410K in a 1200K drive
64 = /dev/fd?h420 5.25" 420K in a 1200K drive
24 = /dev/fd?h720 5.25" 720K in a 1200K drive
80 = /dev/fd?h880 5.25" 880K in a 1200K drive(1)
8 = /dev/fd?h1200 5.25" 1200K in a 1200K drive(1)
40 = /dev/fd?h1440 5.25" 1440K in a 1200K drive(1)
56 = /dev/fd?h1476 5.25" 1476K in a 1200K drive
72 = /dev/fd?h1494 5.25" 1494K in a 1200K drive
92 = /dev/fd?h1600 5.25" 1600K in a 1200K drive(1)
12 = /dev/fd?u360 3.5" 360K Double Density(2)
16 = /dev/fd?u720 3.5" 720K Double Density(1)
120 = /dev/fd?u800 3.5" 800K Double Density(2)
52 = /dev/fd?u820 3.5" 820K Double Density
68 = /dev/fd?u830 3.5" 830K Double Density
84 = /dev/fd?u1040 3.5" 1040K Double Density(1)
88 = /dev/fd?u1120 3.5" 1120K Double Density(1)
28 = /dev/fd?u1440 3.5" 1440K High Density(1)
124 = /dev/fd?u1600 3.5" 1600K High Density(1)
44 = /dev/fd?u1680 3.5" 1680K High Density(3)
60 = /dev/fd?u1722 3.5" 1722K High Density
76 = /dev/fd?u1743 3.5" 1743K High Density
96 = /dev/fd?u1760 3.5" 1760K High Density
116 = /dev/fd?u1840 3.5" 1840K High Density(3)
100 = /dev/fd?u1920 3.5" 1920K High Density(1)
32 = /dev/fd?u2880 3.5" 2880K Extra Density(1)
104 = /dev/fd?u3200 3.5" 3200K Extra Density
108 = /dev/fd?u3520 3.5" 3520K Extra Density
112 = /dev/fd?u3840 3.5" 3840K Extra Density(1)
36 = /dev/fd?CompaQ Compaq 2880K drive; obsolete?
(1) Autodetectable format
(2) Autodetectable format in a Double Density (720K) drive only
(3) Autodetectable format in a High Density (1440K) drive only
NOTE: The letter in the device name (d, q, h or u)
signifies the type of drive: 5.25" Double Density (d),
5.25" Quad Density (q), 5.25" High Density (h) or 3.5"
(any model, u). The use of the capital letters D, H
and E for the 3.5" models have been deprecated, since
the drive type is insignificant for these devices.
3 char Pseudo-TTY slaves
0 = /dev/ttyp0 First PTY slave
1 = /dev/ttyp1 Second PTY slave
...
255 = /dev/ttyef 256th PTY slave
These are the old-style (BSD) PTY devices; Unix98
devices are on major 136 and above.
3 block First MFM, RLL and IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hda Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdb Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
For partitions, add to the whole disk device number:
0 = /dev/hd? Whole disk
1 = /dev/hd?1 First partition
2 = /dev/hd?2 Second partition
...
63 = /dev/hd?63 63rd partition
For Linux/i386, partitions 1-4 are the primary
partitions, and 5 and above are logical partitions.
Other versions of Linux use partitioning schemes
appropriate to their respective architectures.
4 char TTY devices
0 = /dev/tty0 Current virtual console
1 = /dev/tty1 First virtual console
...
63 = /dev/tty63 63rd virtual console
64 = /dev/ttyS0 First UART serial port
...
255 = /dev/ttyS191 192nd UART serial port
UART serial ports refer to 8250/16450/16550 series devices.
Older versions of the Linux kernel used this major
number for BSD PTY devices. As of Linux 2.1.115, this
is no longer supported. Use major numbers 2 and 3.
4 block Aliases for dynamically allocated major devices to be used
when its not possible to create the real device nodes
because the root filesystem is mounted read-only.
0 = /dev/root
5 char Alternate TTY devices
0 = /dev/tty Current TTY device
1 = /dev/console System console
2 = /dev/ptmx PTY master multiplex
3 = /dev/ttyprintk User messages via printk TTY device
64 = /dev/cua0 Callout device for ttyS0
...
255 = /dev/cua191 Callout device for ttyS191
(5,1) is /dev/console starting with Linux 2.1.71. See
the section on terminal devices for more information
on /dev/console.
6 char Parallel printer devices
0 = /dev/lp0 Parallel printer on parport0
1 = /dev/lp1 Parallel printer on parport1
...
Current Linux kernels no longer have a fixed mapping
between parallel ports and I/O addresses. Instead,
they are redirected through the parport multiplex layer.
7 char Virtual console capture devices
0 = /dev/vcs Current vc text (glyph) contents
1 = /dev/vcs1 tty1 text (glyph) contents
...
63 = /dev/vcs63 tty63 text (glyph) contents
64 = /dev/vcsu Current vc text (unicode) contents
65 = /dev/vcsu1 tty1 text (unicode) contents
...
127 = /dev/vcsu63 tty63 text (unicode) contents
128 = /dev/vcsa Current vc text/attribute (glyph) contents
129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute (glyph) contents
...
191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute (glyph) contents
NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
7 block Loopback devices
0 = /dev/loop0 First loop device
1 = /dev/loop1 Second loop device
...
The loop devices are used to mount filesystems not
associated with block devices. The binding to the
loop devices is handled by mount(8) or losetup(8).
8 block SCSI disk devices (0-15)
0 = /dev/sda First SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdb Second SCSI disk whole disk
32 = /dev/sdc Third SCSI disk whole disk
...
240 = /dev/sdp Sixteenth SCSI disk whole disk
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
9 char SCSI tape devices
0 = /dev/st0 First SCSI tape, mode 0
1 = /dev/st1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0
...
32 = /dev/st0l First SCSI tape, mode 1
33 = /dev/st1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1
...
64 = /dev/st0m First SCSI tape, mode 2
65 = /dev/st1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2
...
96 = /dev/st0a First SCSI tape, mode 3
97 = /dev/st1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3
...
128 = /dev/nst0 First SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
129 = /dev/nst1 Second SCSI tape, mode 0, no rewind
...
160 = /dev/nst0l First SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
161 = /dev/nst1l Second SCSI tape, mode 1, no rewind
...
192 = /dev/nst0m First SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
193 = /dev/nst1m Second SCSI tape, mode 2, no rewind
...
224 = /dev/nst0a First SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
225 = /dev/nst1a Second SCSI tape, mode 3, no rewind
...
"No rewind" refers to the omission of the default
automatic rewind on device close. The MTREW or MTOFFL
ioctl()'s can be used to rewind the tape regardless of
the device used to access it.
9 block Metadisk (RAID) devices
0 = /dev/md0 First metadisk group
1 = /dev/md1 Second metadisk group
...
The metadisk driver is used to span a
filesystem across multiple physical disks.
10 char Non-serial mice, misc features
0 = /dev/logibm Logitech bus mouse
1 = /dev/psaux PS/2-style mouse port
2 = /dev/inportbm Microsoft Inport bus mouse
3 = /dev/atibm ATI XL bus mouse
4 = /dev/jbm J-mouse
4 = /dev/amigamouse Amiga mouse (68k/Amiga)
5 = /dev/atarimouse Atari mouse
6 = /dev/sunmouse Sun mouse
7 = /dev/amigamouse1 Second Amiga mouse
8 = /dev/smouse Simple serial mouse driver
9 = /dev/pc110pad IBM PC-110 digitizer pad
10 = /dev/adbmouse Apple Desktop Bus mouse
11 = /dev/vrtpanel Vr41xx embedded touch panel
13 = /dev/vpcmouse Connectix Virtual PC Mouse
14 = /dev/touchscreen/ucb1x00 UCB 1x00 touchscreen
15 = /dev/touchscreen/mk712 MK712 touchscreen
128 = /dev/beep Fancy beep device
129 =
130 = /dev/watchdog Watchdog timer port
131 = /dev/temperature Machine internal temperature
132 = /dev/hwtrap Hardware fault trap
133 = /dev/exttrp External device trap
134 = /dev/apm_bios Advanced Power Management BIOS
135 = /dev/rtc Real Time Clock
137 = /dev/vhci Bluetooth virtual HCI driver
139 = /dev/openprom SPARC OpenBoot PROM
140 = /dev/relay8 Berkshire Products Octal relay card
141 = /dev/relay16 Berkshire Products ISO-16 relay card
142 =
143 = /dev/pciconf PCI configuration space
144 = /dev/nvram Non-volatile configuration RAM
145 = /dev/hfmodem Soundcard shortwave modem control
146 = /dev/graphics Linux/SGI graphics device
147 = /dev/opengl Linux/SGI OpenGL pipe
148 = /dev/gfx Linux/SGI graphics effects device
149 = /dev/input/mouse Linux/SGI Irix emulation mouse
150 = /dev/input/keyboard Linux/SGI Irix emulation keyboard
151 = /dev/led Front panel LEDs
152 = /dev/kpoll Kernel Poll Driver
153 = /dev/mergemem Memory merge device
154 = /dev/pmu Macintosh PowerBook power manager
155 =
156 = /dev/lcd Front panel LCD display
157 = /dev/ac Applicom Intl Profibus card
158 = /dev/nwbutton Netwinder external button
159 = /dev/nwdebug Netwinder debug interface
160 = /dev/nwflash Netwinder flash memory
161 = /dev/userdma User-space DMA access
162 = /dev/smbus System Management Bus
163 = /dev/lik Logitech Internet Keyboard
164 = /dev/ipmo Intel Intelligent Platform Management
165 = /dev/vmmon VMware virtual machine monitor
166 = /dev/i2o/ctl I2O configuration manager
167 = /dev/specialix_sxctl Specialix serial control
168 = /dev/tcldrv Technology Concepts serial control
169 = /dev/specialix_rioctl Specialix RIO serial control
170 = /dev/thinkpad/thinkpad IBM Thinkpad devices
171 = /dev/srripc QNX4 API IPC manager
172 = /dev/usemaclone Semaphore clone device
173 = /dev/ipmikcs Intelligent Platform Management
174 = /dev/uctrl SPARCbook 3 microcontroller
175 = /dev/agpgart AGP Graphics Address Remapping Table
176 = /dev/gtrsc Gorgy Timing radio clock
177 = /dev/cbm Serial CBM bus
178 = /dev/jsflash JavaStation OS flash SIMM
179 = /dev/xsvc High-speed shared-mem/semaphore service
180 = /dev/vrbuttons Vr41xx button input device
181 = /dev/toshiba Toshiba laptop SMM support
182 = /dev/perfctr Performance-monitoring counters
183 = /dev/hwrng Generic random number generator
184 = /dev/cpu/microcode CPU microcode update interface
186 = /dev/atomicps Atomic snapshot of process state data
187 = /dev/irnet IrNET device
188 = /dev/smbusbios SMBus BIOS
189 = /dev/ussp_ctl User space serial port control
190 = /dev/crash Mission Critical Linux crash dump facility
191 = /dev/pcl181 <information missing>
192 = /dev/nas_xbus NAS xbus LCD/buttons access
193 = /dev/d7s SPARC 7-segment display
194 = /dev/zkshim Zero-Knowledge network shim control
195 = /dev/elographics/e2201 Elographics touchscreen E271-2201
196 = /dev/vfio/vfio VFIO userspace driver interface
197 = /dev/pxa3xx-gcu PXA3xx graphics controller unit driver
198 = /dev/sexec Signed executable interface
199 = /dev/scanners/cuecat :CueCat barcode scanner
200 = /dev/net/tun TAP/TUN network device
201 = /dev/button/gulpb Transmeta GULP-B buttons
202 = /dev/emd/ctl Enhanced Metadisk RAID (EMD) control
203 = /dev/cuse Cuse (character device in user-space)
204 = /dev/video/em8300 EM8300 DVD decoder control
205 = /dev/video/em8300_mv EM8300 DVD decoder video
206 = /dev/video/em8300_ma EM8300 DVD decoder audio
207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
214 = /dev/watchdogs/2 Third watchdog device
215 = /dev/watchdogs/3 Fourth watchdog device
216 = /dev/fujitsu/apanel Fujitsu/Siemens application panel
217 = /dev/ni/natmotn National Instruments Motion
218 = /dev/kchuid Inter-process chuid control
219 = /dev/modems/mwave MWave modem firmware upload
220 = /dev/mptctl Message passing technology (MPT) control
221 = /dev/mvista/hssdsi Montavista PICMG hot swap system driver
222 = /dev/mvista/hasi Montavista PICMG high availability
223 = /dev/input/uinput User level driver support for input
224 = /dev/tpm TCPA TPM driver
225 = /dev/pps Pulse Per Second driver
226 = /dev/systrace Systrace device
227 = /dev/mcelog X86_64 Machine Check Exception driver
228 = /dev/hpet HPET driver
229 = /dev/fuse Fuse (virtual filesystem in user-space)
230 = /dev/midishare MidiShare driver
231 = /dev/snapshot System memory snapshot device
232 = /dev/kvm Kernel-based virtual machine (hardware virtualization extensions)
233 = /dev/kmview View-OS A process with a view
234 = /dev/btrfs-control Btrfs control device
235 = /dev/autofs Autofs control device
236 = /dev/mapper/control Device-Mapper control device
237 = /dev/loop-control Loopback control device
238 = /dev/vhost-net Host kernel accelerator for virtio net
239 = /dev/uhid User-space I/O driver support for HID subsystem
240 = /dev/userio Serio driver testing device
241 = /dev/vhost-vsock Host kernel driver for virtio vsock
242 = /dev/rfkill Turning off radio transmissions (rfkill)
243-254 Reserved for local use
255 Reserved for MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR
11 char Raw keyboard device (Linux/SPARC only)
0 = /dev/kbd Raw keyboard device
11 char Serial Mux device (Linux/PA-RISC only)
0 = /dev/ttyB0 First mux port
1 = /dev/ttyB1 Second mux port
...
11 block SCSI CD-ROM devices
0 = /dev/scd0 First SCSI CD-ROM
1 = /dev/scd1 Second SCSI CD-ROM
...
The prefix /dev/sr (instead of /dev/scd) has been deprecated.
12 char QIC-02 tape
2 = /dev/ntpqic11 QIC-11, no rewind-on-close
3 = /dev/tpqic11 QIC-11, rewind-on-close
4 = /dev/ntpqic24 QIC-24, no rewind-on-close
5 = /dev/tpqic24 QIC-24, rewind-on-close
6 = /dev/ntpqic120 QIC-120, no rewind-on-close
7 = /dev/tpqic120 QIC-120, rewind-on-close
8 = /dev/ntpqic150 QIC-150, no rewind-on-close
9 = /dev/tpqic150 QIC-150, rewind-on-close
The device names specified are proposed -- if there
are "standard" names for these devices, please let me know.
12 block
13 char Input core
0 = /dev/input/js0 First joystick
1 = /dev/input/js1 Second joystick
...
32 = /dev/input/mouse0 First mouse
33 = /dev/input/mouse1 Second mouse
...
63 = /dev/input/mice Unified mouse
64 = /dev/input/event0 First event queue
65 = /dev/input/event1 Second event queue
...
Each device type has 5 bits (32 minors).
13 block Previously used for the XT disk (/dev/xdN)
Deleted in kernel v3.9.
14 char Open Sound System (OSS)
0 = /dev/mixer Mixer control
1 = /dev/sequencer Audio sequencer
2 = /dev/midi00 First MIDI port
3 = /dev/dsp Digital audio
4 = /dev/audio Sun-compatible digital audio
6 =
7 = /dev/audioctl SPARC audio control device
8 = /dev/sequencer2 Sequencer -- alternate device
16 = /dev/mixer1 Second soundcard mixer control
17 = /dev/patmgr0 Sequencer patch manager
18 = /dev/midi01 Second MIDI port
19 = /dev/dsp1 Second soundcard digital audio
20 = /dev/audio1 Second soundcard Sun digital audio
33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
14 block
15 char Joystick
0 = /dev/js0 First analog joystick
1 = /dev/js1 Second analog joystick
...
128 = /dev/djs0 First digital joystick
129 = /dev/djs1 Second digital joystick
...
15 block Sony CDU-31A/CDU-33A CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sonycd Sony CDU-31a CD-ROM
16 char Non-SCSI scanners
0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
17 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card)
0 = /dev/ttyH0 First Chase port
1 = /dev/ttyH1 Second Chase port
...
17 block Optics Storage CD-ROM
0 = /dev/optcd Optics Storage CD-ROM
18 char OBSOLETE (was Chase serial card - alternate devices)
0 = /dev/cuh0 Callout device for ttyH0
1 = /dev/cuh1 Callout device for ttyH1
...
18 block Sanyo CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sjcd Sanyo CD-ROM
19 block "Double" compressed disk
0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
...
7 = /dev/double7 Eighth compressed disk
128 = /dev/cdouble0 Mirror of first compressed disk
...
135 = /dev/cdouble7 Mirror of eighth compressed disk
See the Double documentation for the meaning of the
mirror devices.
20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
21 char Generic SCSI access
0 = /dev/sg0 First generic SCSI device
1 = /dev/sg1 Second generic SCSI device
...
Most distributions name these /dev/sga, /dev/sgb...;
this sets an unnecessary limit of 26 SCSI devices in
the system and is counter to standard Linux
device-naming practice.
21 block Acorn MFM hard drive interface
0 = /dev/mfma First MFM drive whole disk
64 = /dev/mfmb Second MFM drive whole disk
This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
(see major number 3).
22 char Digiboard serial card
0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
1 = /dev/ttyD1 Second Digiboard port
...
22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
interface (see major number 3).
23 char Digiboard serial card - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cud0 Callout device for ttyD0
1 = /dev/cud1 Callout device for ttyD1
...
23 block Mitsumi proprietary CD-ROM
0 = /dev/mcd Mitsumi CD-ROM
24 char Stallion serial card
0 = /dev/ttyE0 Stallion port 0 card 0
1 = /dev/ttyE1 Stallion port 1 card 0
...
64 = /dev/ttyE64 Stallion port 0 card 1
65 = /dev/ttyE65 Stallion port 1 card 1
...
128 = /dev/ttyE128 Stallion port 0 card 2
129 = /dev/ttyE129 Stallion port 1 card 2
...
192 = /dev/ttyE192 Stallion port 0 card 3
193 = /dev/ttyE193 Stallion port 1 card 3
...
24 block Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
0 = /dev/cdu535 Sony CDU-535 CD-ROM
25 char Stallion serial card - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cue0 Callout device for ttyE0
1 = /dev/cue1 Callout device for ttyE1
...
64 = /dev/cue64 Callout device for ttyE64
65 = /dev/cue65 Callout device for ttyE65
...
128 = /dev/cue128 Callout device for ttyE128
129 = /dev/cue129 Callout device for ttyE129
...
192 = /dev/cue192 Callout device for ttyE192
193 = /dev/cue193 Callout device for ttyE193
...
25 block First Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd0 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd1 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 1
2 = /dev/sbpcd2 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 2
3 = /dev/sbpcd3 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 0 unit 3
26 char
26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
2 = /dev/sbpcd6 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 2
3 = /dev/sbpcd7 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 3
27 char QIC-117 tape
0 = /dev/qft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close
1 = /dev/qft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close
2 = /dev/qft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close
3 = /dev/qft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close
4 = /dev/nqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close
5 = /dev/nqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close
6 = /dev/nqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close
7 = /dev/nqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close
16 = /dev/zqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, compression
17 = /dev/zqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, compression
18 = /dev/zqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, compression
19 = /dev/zqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, compression
20 = /dev/nzqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, compression
21 = /dev/nzqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, compression
22 = /dev/nzqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, compression
23 = /dev/nzqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, compression
32 = /dev/rawqft0 Unit 0, rewind-on-close, no file marks
33 = /dev/rawqft1 Unit 1, rewind-on-close, no file marks
34 = /dev/rawqft2 Unit 2, rewind-on-close, no file marks
35 = /dev/rawqft3 Unit 3, rewind-on-close, no file marks
36 = /dev/nrawqft0 Unit 0, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
2 = /dev/sbpcd10 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 2
3 = /dev/sbpcd11 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 3
28 char Stallion serial card - card programming
0 = /dev/staliomem0 First Stallion card I/O memory
1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
...
28 block Fourth Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd12 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
32 = /dev/adc Third ACSI disk whole disk
...
240 = /dev/adp 16th ACSI disk whole disk
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15, like SCSI.
29 char Universal frame buffer
0 = /dev/fb0 First frame buffer
1 = /dev/fb1 Second frame buffer
...
31 = /dev/fb31 32nd frame buffer
29 block Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes CD-ROM
0 = /dev/aztcd Aztech CD-ROM
30 char iBCS-2 compatibility devices
0 = /dev/socksys Socket access
1 = /dev/spx SVR3 local X interface
32 = /dev/inet/ip Network access
33 = /dev/inet/icmp
34 = /dev/inet/ggp
35 = /dev/inet/ipip
36 = /dev/inet/tcp
37 = /dev/inet/egp
38 = /dev/inet/pup
39 = /dev/inet/udp
40 = /dev/inet/idp
41 = /dev/inet/rawip
Additionally, iBCS-2 requires the following links:
/dev/ip -> /dev/inet/ip
/dev/icmp -> /dev/inet/icmp
/dev/ggp -> /dev/inet/ggp
/dev/ipip -> /dev/inet/ipip
/dev/tcp -> /dev/inet/tcp
/dev/egp -> /dev/inet/egp
/dev/pup -> /dev/inet/pup
/dev/udp -> /dev/inet/udp
/dev/idp -> /dev/inet/idp
/dev/rawip -> /dev/inet/rawip
/dev/inet/arp -> /dev/inet/udp
/dev/inet/rip -> /dev/inet/udp
/dev/nfsd -> /dev/socksys
/dev/X0R -> /dev/null (? apparently not required ?)
30 block Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
0 = /dev/cm205cd Philips LMS CM-205 CD-ROM
/dev/lmscd is an older name for this device. This
driver does not work with the CM-205MS CD-ROM.
31 char MPU-401 MIDI
0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
31 block ROM/flash memory card
0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
...
7 = /dev/rom7 Eighth ROM card (rw)
8 = /dev/rrom0 First ROM card (ro)
...
15 = /dev/rrom7 Eighth ROM card (ro)
16 = /dev/flash0 First flash memory card (rw)
...
23 = /dev/flash7 Eighth flash memory card (rw)
24 = /dev/rflash0 First flash memory card (ro)
...
31 = /dev/rflash7 Eighth flash memory card (ro)
The read-write (rw) devices support back-caching
written data in RAM, as well as writing to flash RAM
devices. The read-only devices (ro) support reading
only.
32 char Specialix serial card
0 = /dev/ttyX0 First Specialix port
1 = /dev/ttyX1 Second Specialix port
...
32 block Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
0 = /dev/cm206cd Philips LMS CM-206 CD-ROM
33 char Specialix serial card - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cux0 Callout device for ttyX0
1 = /dev/cux1 Callout device for ttyX1
...
33 block Third IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hde Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdf Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
interface (see major number 3).
34 char Z8530 HDLC driver
0 = /dev/scc0 First Z8530, first port
1 = /dev/scc1 First Z8530, second port
2 = /dev/scc2 Second Z8530, first port
3 = /dev/scc3 Second Z8530, second port
...
In a previous version these devices were named
/dev/sc1 for /dev/scc0, /dev/sc2 for /dev/scc1, and so
on.
34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
interface (see major number 3).
35 char tclmidi MIDI driver
0 = /dev/midi0 First MIDI port, kernel timed
1 = /dev/midi1 Second MIDI port, kernel timed
2 = /dev/midi2 Third MIDI port, kernel timed
3 = /dev/midi3 Fourth MIDI port, kernel timed
64 = /dev/rmidi0 First MIDI port, untimed
65 = /dev/rmidi1 Second MIDI port, untimed
66 = /dev/rmidi2 Third MIDI port, untimed
67 = /dev/rmidi3 Fourth MIDI port, untimed
128 = /dev/smpte0 First MIDI port, SMPTE timed
129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
35 block Slow memory ramdisk
0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
36 char Netlink support
0 = /dev/route Routing, device updates, kernel to user
1 = /dev/skip enSKIP security cache control
3 = /dev/fwmonitor Firewall packet copies
16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
...
31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
36 block OBSOLETE (was MCA ESDI hard disk)
37 char IDE tape
0 = /dev/ht0 First IDE tape
1 = /dev/ht1 Second IDE tape
...
128 = /dev/nht0 First IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
129 = /dev/nht1 Second IDE tape, no rewind-on-close
...
Currently, only one IDE tape drive is supported.
37 block Zorro II ramdisk
0 = /dev/z2ram Zorro II ramdisk
38 char Myricom PCI Myrinet board
0 = /dev/mlanai0 First Myrinet board
1 = /dev/mlanai1 Second Myrinet board
...
This device is used for status query, board control
and "user level packet I/O." This board is also
accessible as a standard networking "eth" device.
38 block OBSOLETE (was Linux/AP+)
39 char ML-16P experimental I/O board
0 = /dev/ml16pa-a0 First card, first analog channel
1 = /dev/ml16pa-a1 First card, second analog channel
...
15 = /dev/ml16pa-a15 First card, 16th analog channel
16 = /dev/ml16pa-d First card, digital lines
17 = /dev/ml16pa-c0 First card, first counter/timer
18 = /dev/ml16pa-c1 First card, second counter/timer
19 = /dev/ml16pa-c2 First card, third counter/timer
32 = /dev/ml16pb-a0 Second card, first analog channel
33 = /dev/ml16pb-a1 Second card, second analog channel
...
47 = /dev/ml16pb-a15 Second card, 16th analog channel
48 = /dev/ml16pb-d Second card, digital lines
49 = /dev/ml16pb-c0 Second card, first counter/timer
50 = /dev/ml16pb-c1 Second card, second counter/timer
51 = /dev/ml16pb-c2 Second card, third counter/timer
...
39 block
40 char
40 block
41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
41 block
42 char Demo/sample use
42 block Demo/sample use
This number is intended for use in sample code, as
well as a general "example" device number. It
should never be used for a device driver that is being
distributed; either obtain an official number or use
the local/experimental range. The sudden addition or
removal of a driver with this number should not cause
ill effects to the system (bugs excepted.)
IN PARTICULAR, ANY DISTRIBUTION WHICH CONTAINS A
DEVICE DRIVER USING MAJOR NUMBER 42 IS NONCOMPLIANT.
43 char isdn4linux virtual modem
0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
...
63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
43 block Network block devices
0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
...
Network Block Device is somehow similar to loopback
devices: If you read from it, it sends packet across
network asking server for data. If you write to it, it
sends packet telling server to write. It could be used
to mounting filesystems over the net, swapping over
the net, implementing block device in userland etc.
44 char isdn4linux virtual modem - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
...
63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
...
240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk (same as SCSI.)
45 char isdn4linux ISDN BRI driver
0 = /dev/isdn0 First virtual B channel raw data
...
63 = /dev/isdn63 64th virtual B channel raw data
64 = /dev/isdnctrl0 First channel control/debug
...
127 = /dev/isdnctrl63 64th channel control/debug
128 = /dev/ippp0 First SyncPPP device
...
191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
32 = /dev/pdc Third parallel port IDE disk
48 = /dev/pdd Fourth parallel port IDE disk
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
limit is 15 rather than 63 per disk.
46 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card
0 = /dev/ttyR0 First Rocketport port
1 = /dev/ttyR1 Second Rocketport port
...
46 block Parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM devices
0 = /dev/pcd0 First parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
1 = /dev/pcd1 Second parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
2 = /dev/pcd2 Third parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
3 = /dev/pcd3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM
47 char Comtrol Rocketport serial card - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cur0 Callout device for ttyR0
1 = /dev/cur1 Callout device for ttyR1
...
47 block Parallel port ATAPI disk devices
0 = /dev/pf0 First parallel port ATAPI disk
1 = /dev/pf1 Second parallel port ATAPI disk
2 = /dev/pf2 Third parallel port ATAPI disk
3 = /dev/pf3 Fourth parallel port ATAPI disk
This driver is intended for floppy disks and similar
devices and hence does not support partitioning.
48 char SDL RISCom serial card
0 = /dev/ttyL0 First RISCom port
1 = /dev/ttyL1 Second RISCom port
...
48 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; first controller
0 = /dev/rd/c0d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c0d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c0d31 32nd disk, whole disk
For partitions add:
0 = /dev/rd/c?d? Whole disk
1 = /dev/rd/c?d?p1 First partition
...
7 = /dev/rd/c?d?p7 Seventh partition
49 char SDL RISCom serial card - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cul0 Callout device for ttyL0
1 = /dev/cul1 Callout device for ttyL1
...
49 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; second controller
0 = /dev/rd/c1d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c1d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c1d31 32nd disk, whole disk
Partitions are handled as for major 48.
50 char Reserved for GLINT
50 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; third controller
0 = /dev/rd/c2d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c2d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c2d31 32nd disk, whole disk
51 char Baycom radio modem OR Radio Tech BIM-XXX-RS232 radio modem
0 = /dev/bc0 First Baycom radio modem
1 = /dev/bc1 Second Baycom radio modem
...
51 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fourth controller
0 = /dev/rd/c3d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c3d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c3d31 32nd disk, whole disk
Partitions are handled as for major 48.
52 char Spellcaster DataComm/BRI ISDN card
0 = /dev/dcbri0 First DataComm card
1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c4d31 32nd disk, whole disk
Partitions are handled as for major 48.
53 char BDM interface for remote debugging MC683xx microcontrollers
0 = /dev/pd_bdm0 PD BDM interface on lp0
1 = /dev/pd_bdm1 PD BDM interface on lp1
2 = /dev/pd_bdm2 PD BDM interface on lp2
4 = /dev/icd_bdm0 ICD BDM interface on lp0
5 = /dev/icd_bdm1 ICD BDM interface on lp1
6 = /dev/icd_bdm2 ICD BDM interface on lp2
This device is used for the interfacing to the MC683xx
microcontrollers via Background Debug Mode by use of a
Parallel Port interface. PD is the Motorola Public
Domain Interface and ICD is the commercial interface
by P&E.
53 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; sixth controller
0 = /dev/rd/c5d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c5d1 Second disk, whole disk
...
248 = /dev/rd/c5d31 32nd disk, whole disk
Partitions are handled as for major 48.
54 char Electrocardiognosis Holter serial card
0 = /dev/holter0 First Holter port
1 = /dev/holter1 Second Holter port
2 = /dev/holter2 Third Holter port