diff --git a/client/starwhale/api/_impl/data_store.py b/client/starwhale/api/_impl/data_store.py
index cb45626fe4..ee73edfb16 100644
--- a/client/starwhale/api/_impl/data_store.py
+++ b/client/starwhale/api/_impl/data_store.py
@@ -1477,20 +1477,24 @@ def __gt__(self, other: object) -> Any:
             raise NotImplementedError
         return self.min_key > other.max_key
 
-    def load(self) -> MemoryTable:
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _open_jsonlines(self) -> Iterator[jsonlines.Reader]:
         if self.file is None:
             raise RuntimeError("can not load cache for virtual block")
         if not self.file.exists():
             raise RuntimeError(f"can not find file {self.file}")
+
         compressor = get_compressor(self.file)
         with compressor.decompress(self.file) as file:
             with jsonlines.open(file) as reader:
-                # meta = reader.read()
-                # TODO validate the meta
-                table = MemoryTable(self.key_column)
-                for record in reader:
-                    table.insert_record(InnerRecord.loads(record))
-                return table
+                yield reader
+
+    def load(self) -> MemoryTable:
+        with self._open_jsonlines() as reader:
+            table = MemoryTable(self.key_column)
+            for record in reader:
+                table.insert_record(InnerRecord.loads(record))
+            return table
 
     def scan(
         self,
@@ -1498,8 +1502,19 @@ def scan(
         end: Optional[Any] = None,
         end_inclusive: bool = False,
     ) -> Iterator[InnerRecord]:
-        cache = self.load()
-        yield from cache.scan(start, end, end_inclusive)
+        with self._open_jsonlines() as reader:
+            for record in reader:
+                # the record is sorted by key
+                row = InnerRecord.loads(record)
+                if start is not None and row.key < start:
+                    continue
+                if end_inclusive:
+                    if end is not None and row.key > end:
+                        break
+                else:
+                    if end is not None and row.key >= end:
+                        break
+                yield row
 
     def dump(
         self,