`@Resource` dependency injection fails with AOT/native

[javamichi18]

Affects: Spring 6.0.2 / SpringBoot 3.0.0 / GraalVM CE 22.3.0 (build 17.0.5+8-jvmci-22.3-b08)

---

Injection of spring beans fails when using @Resource and native image.
When using @Autowired the dependency injections works as expected.

example project:
https://github.com/javamichi18/graalDependencyTest

e.g.

@Controller
public class API {

    @jakarta.annotation.Resource //--> NPE
    //    @Autowired // --> works
    private TestService service;

mvn spring-boot:build-image -Pnative2
...
[INFO] Successfully built image 'docker.io/library/gdt:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  01:25 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-11-30T14:30:50+01:00

Run app:
graalDependencyTest % ./target/gdt

Invocation of REST endpoint ...

curl http://localhost:8080/foo
{"timestamp":"2022-11-30T13:34:36.062+00:00","status":500,"error":"Internal Server Error","path":"/foo"}%    

... triggers NullPointerException when using @Resource, but not when using @Autowired.

2022-11-30T14:32:52.710+01:00 ERROR 28966 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[.[.[/].[dispatcherServlet]    : Servlet.service() for servlet [dispatcherServlet] in context with path [] threw exception [Request processing failed: java.lang.NullPointerException] with root cause

java.lang.NullPointerException: null
	at com.example.graaldependencytest.API.getFoo(API.java:32) ~[gdt:na]
	at java.base@17.0.5/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568) ~[gdt:na]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.doInvoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:207) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:152) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:117) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:884) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:797) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:87) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:1080) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:973) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:1003) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:895) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:705) ~[gdt:6.0]
	at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:880) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:814) ~[gdt:6.0]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:223) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:158) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:53) ~[gdt:10.1.1]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:185) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:158) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:100) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:185) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:158) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.FormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(FormContentFilter.java:93) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:185) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:158) ~[na:na]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:201) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:116) ~[gdt:6.0.2]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:185) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:158) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:197) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:97) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542) ~[gdt:10.1.1]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:119) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92) ~[gdt:10.1.1]
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:78) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:357) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:400) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65) ~[gdt:10.1.1]
	at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:861) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1739) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:52) ~[gdt:10.1.1]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1191) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:659) ~[na:na]
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) ~[na:na]
	at java.base@17.0.5/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833) ~[gdt:na]
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.core.thread.PlatformThreads.threadStartRoutine(PlatformThreads.java:775) ~[gdt:na]
	at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixPlatformThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixPlatformThreads.java:203) ~[na:na]

environment:

java -version
openjdk version "17.0.5" 2022-10-18
OpenJDK Runtime Environment GraalVM CE 22.3.0 (build 17.0.5+8-jvmci-22.3-b08)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM GraalVM CE 22.3.0 (build 17.0.5+8-jvmci-22.3-b08, mixed mode, sharing)

Apple Silicon M1 max

I am using the maven build profile native2, because using
mvn spring-boot:build-image -Pnative
leads to a stuck build / running endlessness (> 45 minutes).

[hantsy]

I think Spring should remove jakarta.annotation.Resource support(like removing EJB support).

Jakarta EE itself is cleaning up the dependency injection support in all specs, and trying to move all injection provider to CDI. Such as erasing the injection provider in JSF, REST etc.

The jakarta.annotation.Resource(mainly for JNDI resource inject), JNDI Lookup, EJB are almost deprecated, I think they will not be updated in future.

[sdeleuze]

Confirmed, the required reflection hints are missing when using @Resource.

[sdeleuze]

CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor should probably be made AOT aware like AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor is.