github-useful-commands.txt

1- SETUP
- git config --global user.name “[firstname lastname]”
set a name that is identifiable for credit when review version history
- git config --global user.email “[valid-email]”
set an email address that will be associated with each history marker
- git config --global color.ui auto
set automatic command line coloring for Git for easy reviewing

2- SETUP & INIT
- git init
initialize an existing directory as a Git repository
- git clone [url]
retrieve an entire repository from a hosted location via URL

3- STAGE & SNAPSHOT
- git status
show modified files in working directory, staged for your next commit
- git add [file]
add a file as it looks now to your next commit (stage)
- git reset [file]
unstage a file while retaining the changes in working directory
- git diff
diff of what is changed but not staged
- git diff --staged
diff of what is staged but not yet committed
- git commit -m “[descriptive message]”
commit your staged content as a new commit snapshot

4- BRANCH & MERGE
- git branch
list your branches. a * will appear next to the currently active branch
- git branch [branch-name]
create a new branch at the current commit
- git checkout
switch to another branch and check it out into your working directory
- git merge [branch]
merge the specified branch’s history into the current one
- git log
show all commits in the current branch’s history

5- SHARE & UPDATE
- git remote add [alias] [url]
add a git URL as an alias
- git fetch [alias]
fetch down all the branches from that Git remote
- git merge [alias]/[branch]
merge a remote branch into your current branch to bring it up to date
- git push [alias] [branch]
Transmit local branch commits to the remote repository branch
- git pull
fetch and merge any commits from the tracking remote branch

6- REWRITE HISTORY
- git rebase [branch]
apply any commits of current branch ahead of specified one
- git reset --hard [commit]
clear staging area, rewrite working tree from specified commit

7- TRACKING PATH CHANGES
- git rm [file]
delete the file from project and stage the removal for commit
- git mv [existing-path] [new-path]
change an existing file path and stage the move
- git log --stat -M
show all commit logs with indication of any paths that moved 

for more information you can read this: https://education.github.com/git-cheat-sheet-education.pdf