Tracking Issue for uefi-std

[Ayush1325]

Feature gate: #![feature(uefi_std)]

This is a tracking issue for Std support for UEFI environment. I have been working on implementing this as a part of my Google Summer of Code 2022 project. Information about the current state of this implementation can be found at src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/unknown-uefi.md. A PR has already been opened here

For those who are wondering how a target like UEFI can benefit from std support, here are a few examples:

1. Writing UEFI shell applications. This includes stuff like benchmarks, self-test utilities, etc. Many drivers should also be able to use std.
2. Finding UEFI target bugs. During this work, I have found 3 numeric tests that cause CPU exceptions for UEFI (they are fixed now. Also, I have found 2 additional bugs (which seem like bugs in llvm soft-float) which went unnoticed because there was no easy way to do any broad testing.
3. Provide a stable interface for library developers. The current std contains some functions under std::os::uefi::env to provide access to the underlying SystemTable and SystemHandle, which are essential for writing anything for UEFI.

Public API

APIs I propose to add under std::os::uefi::env:

1. pub fn get_system_table() -> NonNull<c_void>
2. pub fn get_system_handle() -> NonNull<c_void>
3. pub fn boot_services() -> Option<NonNull<c_void>>

APIs I propose to add under std::os::uefi::ffi (Just re-export std::os::windows::ffi)

1. trait OsStrExt
2. trait OsStringExt

Implementation History

• Add Minimal Std implementation for UEFI #105861
• Stdio support for UEFI #116207
• Implement sys::args for UEFI #116341
• Improve UEFI stdio #117174
• Use ImageDataType for allocation type #117177
• Implement SystemTime for UEFI #120351
• Expand sys/os for UEFI #120419
• Mark UEFI std support as WIP #120640
• Implement Instant for UEFI #120889
• Implement sys/thread for UEFI #120938
• Add Process support for UEFI #123196
• std: uefi: Add basic Env variables #127462
• uefi: Implement getcwd and chdir #129794
• uefi: process: Add args support #129838
• Initial fs module for uefi #135324
• uefi: fs: Implement exists #135368
• uefi: helpers: Introduce OwnedDevicePath #135393
• uefi: Implement path #135475
• uefi: process: Add support for command environment variables #136418
• sys: net: Add UEFI stubs #136615
• uefi: helpers: Add DevicePathNode abstractions #137424
• uefi: Add Service Binding Protocol abstraction #137477
• uefi: fs: Implement FileType, FilePermissions and FileAttr #138269
• uefi: Add OwnedEvent abstraction #138236
• Implement some basics in UEFI fs #138662
• std: uefi: fs: Implement mkdir #138667
• uefi: fs: Add file times plumbing #138918
• std: sys: net: uefi: Implement TCP4 connect #139254
• std: sys: process: uefi: Use NULL stdin by default #139517
• std: sys: pal: uefi: Overhaul Time #139806