Rollup merge of #88173 - camelid:refactor-markdown-length-limit, r=GuillaumeGomez

Refactor Markdown length-limited summary implementation

This PR is a new approach to #79749.

This PR refactors the implementation of `markdown_summary_with_limit()`,
separating the logic of determining when the limit has been reached from
the actual rendering process.

The main advantage of the new approach is that it guarantees that all
HTML tags are closed, whereas the previous implementation could generate
tags that were never closed. It also ensures that no empty tags are
generated (e.g., `<em></em>`).

The new implementation consists of a general-purpose struct
`HtmlWithLimit` that manages the length-limiting logic and a function
`markdown_summary_with_limit()` that renders Markdown to HTML using the
struct.

r? `@GuillaumeGomez`

Author: GuillaumeGomez

src/librustdoc/html/length_limit.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+//! See [`HtmlWithLimit`].
+
+use std::fmt::Write;
+use std::ops::ControlFlow;
+
+use crate::html::escape::Escape;
+
+/// A buffer that allows generating HTML with a length limit.
+///
+/// This buffer ensures that:
+///
+/// * all tags are closed,
+/// * tags are closed in the reverse order of when they were opened (i.e., the correct HTML order),
+/// * no tags are left empty (e.g., `<em></em>`) due to the length limit being reached,
+/// * all text is escaped.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) struct HtmlWithLimit {
+    buf: String,
+    len: usize,
+    limit: usize,
+    /// A list of tags that have been requested to be opened via [`Self::open_tag()`]
+    /// but have not actually been pushed to `buf` yet. This ensures that tags are not
+    /// left empty (e.g., `<em></em>`) due to the length limit being reached.
+    queued_tags: Vec<&'static str>,
+    /// A list of all tags that have been opened but not yet closed.
+    unclosed_tags: Vec<&'static str>,
+}
+
+impl HtmlWithLimit {
+    /// Create a new buffer, with a limit of `length_limit`.
+    pub(super) fn new(length_limit: usize) -> Self {
+        let buf = if length_limit > 1000 {
+            // If the length limit is really large, don't preallocate tons of memory.
+            String::new()
+        } else {
+            // The length limit is actually a good heuristic for initial allocation size.
+            // Measurements showed that using it as the initial capacity ended up using less memory
+            // than `String::new`.
+            // See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/88173#discussion_r692531631 for more.
+            String::with_capacity(length_limit)
+        };
+        Self {
+            buf,
+            len: 0,
+            limit: length_limit,
+            unclosed_tags: Vec::new(),
+            queued_tags: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Finish using the buffer and get the written output.
+    /// This function will close all unclosed tags for you.
+    pub(super) fn finish(mut self) -> String {
+        self.close_all_tags();
+        self.buf
+    }
+
+    /// Write some plain text to the buffer, escaping as needed.
+    ///
+    /// This function skips writing the text if the length limit was reached
+    /// and returns [`ControlFlow::Break`].
+    pub(super) fn push(&mut self, text: &str) -> ControlFlow<(), ()> {
+        if self.len + text.len() > self.limit {
+            return ControlFlow::BREAK;
+        }
+
+        self.flush_queue();
+        write!(self.buf, "{}", Escape(text)).unwrap();
+        self.len += text.len();
+
+        ControlFlow::CONTINUE
+    }
+
+    /// Open an HTML tag.
+    ///
+    /// **Note:** HTML attributes have not yet been implemented.
+    /// This function will panic if called with a non-alphabetic `tag_name`.
+    pub(super) fn open_tag(&mut self, tag_name: &'static str) {
+        assert!(
+            tag_name.chars().all(|c| ('a'..='z').contains(&c)),
+            "tag_name contained non-alphabetic chars: {:?}",
+            tag_name
+        );
+        self.queued_tags.push(tag_name);
+    }
+
+    /// Close the most recently opened HTML tag.
+    pub(super) fn close_tag(&mut self) {
+        match self.unclosed_tags.pop() {
+            // Close the most recently opened tag.
+            Some(tag_name) => write!(self.buf, "</{}>", tag_name).unwrap(),
+            // There are valid cases where `close_tag()` is called without
+            // there being any tags to close. For example, this occurs when
+            // a tag is opened after the length limit is exceeded;
+            // `flush_queue()` will never be called, and thus, the tag will
+            // not end up being added to `unclosed_tags`.
+            None => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Write all queued tags and add them to the `unclosed_tags` list.
+    fn flush_queue(&mut self) {
+        for tag_name in self.queued_tags.drain(..) {
+            write!(self.buf, "<{}>", tag_name).unwrap();
+
+            self.unclosed_tags.push(tag_name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Close all unclosed tags.
+    fn close_all_tags(&mut self) {
+        while !self.unclosed_tags.is_empty() {
+            self.close_tag();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;

src/librustdoc/html/length_limit/tests.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+use super::*;
+
+#[test]
+fn empty() {
+    assert_eq!(HtmlWithLimit::new(0).finish(), "");
+    assert_eq!(HtmlWithLimit::new(60).finish(), "");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn basic() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(60);
+    buf.push("Hello ");
+    buf.open_tag("em");
+    buf.push("world");
+    buf.close_tag();
+    buf.push("!");
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "Hello <em>world</em>!");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn no_tags() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(60);
+    buf.push("Hello");
+    buf.push(" world!");
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "Hello world!");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn limit_0() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(0);
+    buf.push("Hello ");
+    buf.open_tag("em");
+    buf.push("world");
+    buf.close_tag();
+    buf.push("!");
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn exactly_limit() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(12);
+    buf.push("Hello ");
+    buf.open_tag("em");
+    buf.push("world");
+    buf.close_tag();
+    buf.push("!");
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "Hello <em>world</em>!");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn multiple_nested_tags() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(60);
+    buf.open_tag("p");
+    buf.push("This is a ");
+    buf.open_tag("em");
+    buf.push("paragraph");
+    buf.open_tag("strong");
+    buf.push("!");
+    buf.close_tag();
+    buf.close_tag();
+    buf.close_tag();
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "<p>This is a <em>paragraph<strong>!</strong></em></p>");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn forgot_to_close_tags() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(60);
+    buf.open_tag("p");
+    buf.push("This is a ");
+    buf.open_tag("em");
+    buf.push("paragraph");
+    buf.open_tag("strong");
+    buf.push("!");
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "<p>This is a <em>paragraph<strong>!</strong></em></p>");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn past_the_limit() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(20);
+    buf.open_tag("p");
+    (0..10).try_for_each(|n| {
+        buf.open_tag("strong");
+        buf.push("word#")?;
+        buf.push(&n.to_string())?;
+        buf.close_tag();
+        ControlFlow::CONTINUE
+    });
+    buf.close_tag();
+    assert_eq!(
+        buf.finish(),
+        "<p>\
+             <strong>word#0</strong>\
+             <strong>word#1</strong>\
+             <strong>word#2</strong>\
+             </p>"
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn quickly_past_the_limit() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(6);
+    buf.open_tag("p");
+    buf.push("Hello");
+    buf.push(" World");
+    // intentionally not closing <p> before finishing
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "<p>Hello</p>");
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn close_too_many() {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(60);
+    buf.open_tag("p");
+    buf.push("Hello");
+    buf.close_tag();
+    // This call does not panic because there are valid cases
+    // where `close_tag()` is called with no tags left to close.
+    // So `close_tag()` does nothing in this case.
+    buf.close_tag();
+    assert_eq!(buf.finish(), "<p>Hello</p>");
+}

src/librustdoc/html/markdown.rs

@@ -23,19 +23,21 @@ use rustc_hir::HirId;
 use rustc_middle::ty::TyCtxt;
 use rustc_span::edition::Edition;
 use rustc_span::Span;
+
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::collections::VecDeque;
 use std::default::Default;
 use std::fmt::Write;
-use std::ops::Range;
+use std::ops::{ControlFlow, Range};
 use std::str;
 
 use crate::clean::RenderedLink;
 use crate::doctest;
 use crate::html::escape::Escape;
 use crate::html::format::Buffer;
 use crate::html::highlight;
+use crate::html::length_limit::HtmlWithLimit;
 use crate::html::toc::TocBuilder;
 
 use pulldown_cmark::{
@@ -1081,15 +1083,6 @@ fn markdown_summary_with_limit(
         return (String::new(), false);
     }
 
-    let mut s = String::with_capacity(md.len() * 3 / 2);
-    let mut text_length = 0;
-    let mut stopped_early = false;
-
-    fn push(s: &mut String, text_length: &mut usize, text: &str) {
-        write!(s, "{}", Escape(text)).unwrap();
-        *text_length += text.len();
-    }
-
     let mut replacer = |broken_link: BrokenLink<'_>| {
         if let Some(link) =
             link_names.iter().find(|link| &*link.original_text == broken_link.reference)
@@ -1101,56 +1094,48 @@ fn markdown_summary_with_limit(
     };
 
     let p = Parser::new_with_broken_link_callback(md, opts(), Some(&mut replacer));
-    let p = LinkReplacer::new(p, link_names);
+    let mut p = LinkReplacer::new(p, link_names);
 
-    'outer: for event in p {
+    let mut buf = HtmlWithLimit::new(length_limit);
+    let mut stopped_early = false;
+    p.try_for_each(|event| {
         match &event {
             Event::Text(text) => {
-                for word in text.split_inclusive(char::is_whitespace) {
-                    if text_length + word.len() >= length_limit {
-                        stopped_early = true;
-                        break 'outer;
-                    }
-
-                    push(&mut s, &mut text_length, word);
+                let r =
+                    text.split_inclusive(char::is_whitespace).try_for_each(|word| buf.push(word));
+                if r.is_break() {
+                    stopped_early = true;
                 }
+                return r;
             }
             Event::Code(code) => {
-                if text_length + code.len() >= length_limit {
+                buf.open_tag("code");
+                let r = buf.push(code);
+                if r.is_break() {
                     stopped_early = true;
-                    break;
+                } else {
+                    buf.close_tag();
                 }
-
-                s.push_str("<code>");
-                push(&mut s, &mut text_length, code);
-                s.push_str("</code>");
+                return r;
             }
             Event::Start(tag) => match tag {
-                Tag::Emphasis => s.push_str("<em>"),
-                Tag::Strong => s.push_str("<strong>"),
-                Tag::CodeBlock(..) => break,
+                Tag::Emphasis => buf.open_tag("em"),
+                Tag::Strong => buf.open_tag("strong"),
+                Tag::CodeBlock(..) => return ControlFlow::BREAK,
                 _ => {}
             },
             Event::End(tag) => match tag {
-                Tag::Emphasis => s.push_str("</em>"),
-                Tag::Strong => s.push_str("</strong>"),
-                Tag::Paragraph => break,
-                Tag::Heading(..) => break,
+                Tag::Emphasis | Tag::Strong => buf.close_tag(),
+                Tag::Paragraph | Tag::Heading(..) => return ControlFlow::BREAK,
                 _ => {}
             },
-            Event::HardBreak | Event::SoftBreak => {
-                if text_length + 1 >= length_limit {
-                    stopped_early = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                push(&mut s, &mut text_length, " ");
-            }
+            Event::HardBreak | Event::SoftBreak => buf.push(" ")?,
             _ => {}
-        }
-    }
+        };
+        ControlFlow::CONTINUE
+    });
 
-    (s, stopped_early)
+    (buf.finish(), stopped_early)
 }
 
 /// Renders a shortened first paragraph of the given Markdown as a subset of Markdown,

src/librustdoc/html/markdown/tests.rs

@@ -225,6 +225,7 @@ fn test_short_markdown_summary() {
         assert_eq!(output, expect, "original: {}", input);
     }
 
+    t("", "");
     t("hello [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org) :)", "hello Rust :)");
     t("*italic*", "<em>italic</em>");
     t("**bold**", "<strong>bold</strong>");
@@ -264,6 +265,7 @@ fn test_plain_text_summary() {
         assert_eq!(output, expect, "original: {}", input);
     }
 
+    t("", "");
     t("hello [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org) :)", "hello Rust :)");
     t("**bold**", "bold");
     t("Multi-line\nsummary", "Multi-line summary");

src/librustdoc/html/mod.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ crate mod escape;
 crate mod format;
 crate mod highlight;
 crate mod layout;
+mod length_limit;
 // used by the error-index generator, so it needs to be public
 pub mod markdown;
 crate mod render;

src/librustdoc/lib.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #![feature(rustc_private)]
 #![feature(array_methods)]
 #![feature(box_patterns)]
+#![feature(control_flow_enum)]
 #![feature(in_band_lifetimes)]
 #![feature(nll)]
 #![feature(test)]